Technical Papers
Apr 25, 2022

Production of a New Base Material for Load-Bearing Water-Storing Road

Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34, Issue 7

Abstract

In this work, a porous road base material was studied for a load-bearing water-storing road. According to the performance analysis, asphalt and ordinary portland cement did not work well on the load-bearing water-storing road as base binder materials. Therefore, a metakaolin-based (MK) geopolymer was used to produce a concrete composed of geopolymer and open-graded aggregate (CGOA) as a new road base material to replace traditional cement-treated aggregate. The geopolymer gel adhesive ability, geopolymer surface cracks and internal pores, CGOA water stability, CGOA water storage rate, and CGOA unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were indicators to get the optimal formulation and production process. Mixing open-graded aggregates with a geopolymer gel [Si/Al mole ratio (MR) of 2, Al/Na MR of 0.85–1.00, and H2O/Na2O MR of 14–16], and then membrane curing for more than 60 h at 20°C could produce the desired CGOA. It was designed to make it possible for the road to act as a superior reservoir while bearing traffic loads to reduce waterlogging in urban areas.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

References

Chen, M., W. Kai, and X. Li. 2013. “Deterioration mechanism of cementitious materials under acid rain attack.” Eng. Fail. Anal. 27 (4): 272–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2012.08.007.
Chinese Standard. 2009a. Technical specification for pervious cement concrete pavement. [In Chinese.] CJJ/T135-2009. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press.
Chinese Standard. 2009b. Test methods of materials stabilized with inorganic binders for highway engineering. [In Chinese.] JTG/E51-2009. Beijing: China Communications Press.
Chinese Standard. 2015. Technical guidelines for construction of highway road bases. [In Chinese.] JTG/T F20-2015. Beijing: China Communications Press.
Davidovits, J. 1982. “The need to create a new technical language for the transfer of basic scientific information.” In Proc., Transfer and Exploitation of Scientific and Technical Information, 316–320. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Davidovits, J. 1993. “Geopolymer cement to minimize carbon-dioxide greenhouse-warming.” Ceram. Trans. 37 (1): 165–182.
Davidovits, J. 2020. Geopolymer chemistry and applications. 5th ed. Saint-Quentin, France: Institut Géopolymère.
Davidovits, R., J. Davidovits, and C. Pélegris. 2019. Standardized method in testing commercial metakaolins for geopolymer formulations. Saint-Quentin, France: Geopolymer Institute Library.
Duxson, P., A. Fernandez-Jimenez, J. L. Provis, G. C. Lukey, A. Palomo, and J. S. J. van Deventer. 2007. “Geopolymer technology: The current state of the art.” J. Mater. Sci. 42 (9): 2917–2933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0637-z.
Duxson, P., G. Lukey, F. Separovic, and J. Deventer. 2005a. “The effect of Alkali Cations on aluminum incorporation in geopolymeric gels.” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 44 (4): 832–839. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie0494216.
Duxson, P., J. L. Provis, G. C. Lukey, S. W. Mallicoat, W. M. Kriven, and J. S. J. van Deventer. 2005b. “Understanding the relationship between geopolymer composition, microstructure and mechanical properties.” Colloids Surf., A 269 (1–3): 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.06.060.
Duxson, P., J. L. Provis, G. C. Lukey, F. Separovic, and J. S. van Deventer. 2005c. “29Si NMR study of structural ordering in aluminosilicate geopolymer gels.” Langmuir 21 (7): 3028–3036. https://doi.org/10.1021/la047336x.
Engelhardt, H. G., D. Hoebbel, D. C. M. Tarmak, D. P. A. Samoson, and E. J. Z. Lippmaa. 1982. “29Si-NMR-Untersuchungen zur Anionenstruktur von kristallinen Tetramethylammonium-alumosilicaten und—alumosilicatlsungen.” Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 484 (1): 22–32.
Gay, H., T. Meynet, and J. Colombani. 2016. “Local study of the corrosion kinetics of hardened portland cement under acid attack.” Cem. Concr. Res. 90 (Dec): 36–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.09.007.
Gluchovskij, V. D. 1965. “Soil silicates, their properties, technology and manufacturing and fields of application.” Doct Tech Sc. Degree thesis, Civil Engineering Institute.
Guo, F., J. Pei, J. Zhang, B. Xue, and R. Li. 2020. “Study on the adhesion property between asphalt binder and aggregate: A state-of-the-art review.” Constr. Build. Mater. 256 (Sep): 119474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119474.
Medri, V., S. Fabbri, J. Dedecek, Z. Sobalik, Z. Tvaruzkova, and A. Vaccari. 2010. “Role of the morphology and the dehydroxylation of metakaolins on geopolymerization.” Appl. Clay Sci. 50 (4): 538–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.10.010.
Nnadi, E. O., and J. Lizarazo-Marriaga. 2013. “Acid corrosion of plain and reinforced concrete sewage systems.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 25 (9): 1353–1356. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000641.
Omar, H. A., N. I. M. Yusoff, M. Mubaraki, and H. Ceylan. 2020. “Effects of moisture damage on asphalt mixtures.” J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 7 (5): 600–628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtte.2020.07.001.
Pimraksa, K., P. Chindaprasirt, A. Rungchet, K. Sagoe-Crentsil, and T. Sato. 2011. “Lightweight geopolymer made of highly porous siliceous materials with various Na2O/Al2O3 and SiO2 /Al2O3 ratios.” Mater. Sci. Eng. 528 (21): 6616–6623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.04.044.
Purdon, A. O. 1940. “The action of alkalis on blast-furnace slag.” J. Soc. Chem. Ind. 59 (Apr): 191–202.
Rahier, H., W. Simons, B. V. Mele, and M. Biesemans. 1997. “Low-temperature synthesized aluminosilicate glasses: Part III Influence of the composition of the silicate solution on production, structure and properties.” J. Mater. Sci. 32 (9): 2237–2247. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018563914630.
Rowles, M., and B. O’Connor. 2003. “Chemical optimisation of the compressive strength of aluminosilicate geopolymers synthesised by sodium silicate activation of metakaolinite.” J. Mater. Chem. 13 (5): 1161–1165. https://doi.org/10.1039/B212629J.
Sabour, M., G. Dezvareh, and R. Bazzazzadeh. 2019. “Corrosion prediction using the weight loss model in the sewer pipes made from sulfur and cement concretes and response surface methodology (RSM).” Constr. Build. Mater. 199 (Feb): 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.283.
Singh, S., S. P. Elumalai, and A. K. Pal. 2016. “Rain pH estimation based on the particulate matter pollutants and wet deposition study.” Sci. Total Environ. 563 (3): 293–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.066.
Zivica, V., and A. Bajza. 2002. “Acidic attack of cement-based materials—A review Part 2. Factors of rate of acidic attack and protective measures.” Constr. Build. Mater. 16 (4): 215–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00011-9.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 34Issue 7July 2022

History

Received: May 21, 2021
Accepted: Nov 22, 2021
Published online: Apr 25, 2022
Published in print: Jul 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Sep 25, 2022

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Rongchuan Cao, S.M.ASCE [email protected]
Ph.D. Candidate, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China. Email: [email protected]
Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4855-6465. Email: [email protected]
Ph.D. Candidate, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan Univ., Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share