Passivation and Chloride-Induced Depassivation of Additively Manufactured Duplex Stainless Steel Clads in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 33, Issue 8
Abstract
The metallurgical and electrochemical behavior of additively manufactured super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) clads on carbon steel [low-carbon steel (LCS)] substrates are investigated in a simulated concrete pore solution. The SDSS clads were manufactured using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Passivation and chloride-induced depassivation of the clads were studied as a function of LPBF parameters. It was shown that additively manufactured clads significantly improved the passivation characteristics and increased the chloride thresholds of the LCS substrate. The clads showed a decreasing -austenite phase fraction and increasing -ferrite phase fraction with increasing scan speeds. Increasing the -ferrite phase fraction resulted in faster passive film formation but lower critical chloride thresholds for the clads. The clads produced with 100-, 600-, and laser scan speeds showed critical chloride thresholds of 4, 2.5, and 1.5 M, respectively. The as-cast SDSS alloy did not show any signs of depassivation until concentration, whereas LCS substrates depassivated at . The study proved the concept of additively manufactured carbon steel rebars with stainless steel clads and is a first step toward producing such rebars.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding of equipment provided by the Murdock Charitable Trust under Contract No. 2016231:MNL:5/18/2017, the assistance from OSU electron microscopy facility support staff, OSU ATAMI staff, and Director Dr. Sam Angelos.
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Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 33 • Issue 8 • August 2021
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Aug 3, 2020
Accepted: Jan 7, 2021
Published online: Jun 4, 2021
Published in print: Aug 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Nov 4, 2021
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