Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite-Activated Crumb Rubber on Rheological Properties of Rubber-Modified Asphalt
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 32, Issue 11
Abstract
Crumb rubber modifier (CRM) has been applied widely in modified asphalt production in the pavement industry and demonstrates many performance advantages. Further, its use makes it possible to recycle scrap tires and reduce the consumption of raw materials. However, CRM asphalt mixtures demand higher construction temperatures than do conventional asphalt mixtures because the CRM asphalt binder has higher viscosity, which increases energy consumption, emission of greenhouse gases, and disintegration of the crumb rubber. In this study, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) was introduced to functionalize the CRM particles’ surface to alleviate these associated problems. The CRM particles’ surface was activated using different amounts of NaClO, and the microscopic morphology of the activated CRM was measured using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The size characteristics of the two types of CRM (activated and inactivated) were measured using the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) test. The Brookfield viscosity at and rheological properties of CRM asphalt binders with different activated CRM were measured. In addition, the correlation between pore size characteristic and rheological properties was calculated statistically. Subsequently, a rougher surface microscopic morphology was observed for CRM activated with NaClO solution than without. The pore characteristics’ indices (cumulative pore volume, cumulative pore area, most probable pore size, and mean pore size) decreased generally with lower amounts of NaClO and then increased when the NaClO exceeded a certain amount. Using NaClO solution to produce activated CRM can improve both the workability and rutting resistance issues associated with the application of CRM asphalt binder. The test results and correlation analysis indicated that the pore characteristics are a key factor for activated CRM to reduce viscosity values and increase the rutting factor significantly.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, or code that support the findings of this study and appear in the published article are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The research work reported in this paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51668038 and 51868042), the Distinguished Young Scholars Fund of Gansu Province (No. 1606RJDA318), the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (No. 1506RJZA064) and Foundation of A Hundred Youth Talents Training Program of Lanzhou Jiaotong University.
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© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Nov 23, 2019
Accepted: Apr 15, 2020
Published online: Aug 21, 2020
Published in print: Nov 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Jan 21, 2021
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