Improving the Mechanical and Durability Performance of No-Cement Self-Compacting Concrete by Fly Ash
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 32, Issue 9
Abstract
The eco-binder with optimized fractions of ternary solid waste materials of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS/slag), class F fly ash (FFA), and circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) fly ash was successfully used to manufacture no-cement self-compacting/self-consolidating concrete (NC-SCC). In the current study, the enhancement of mechanical and durability properties of NC-SCC with FFA was evaluated using the experimental testing of compressive strength, water absorption, sorptivity, dynamic elastic properties, and ultrasonic pulse velocity. Experimental results showed that addition of FFA at 30 wt% as partial replacement of slag was considered as the optimum value to produce the NC-SCC with the highest mechanical properties including compressive strength, dynamic moduli, and superior durability properties due to the lowest water absorption and volume of permeable voids computed from the test on initial and secondary rate of capillary absorption. Microstructural performance detected by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) obviously supported that the structure of interfacial transition zone between binder and aggregate of the NC-SCC with optimized FFA addition seemed to be strengthened by the extra hydration products contributed to the FFA particles.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial aid from both the Ministry of Science and Technology through the grants of MOST 106-2221-E-011-056, MOST 107-2221-E-011-074, the National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech), and National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED), Vietnam, through research grant of 107.99-2018.301 to conduct this study.
References
Anthony, E. J., and D. L. Granatstein. 2001. “Sulfation phenomena in fluidized bed combustion systems.” Progress Energy Combust. Sci. 27 (2): 215–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1285(00)00021-6.
ASTM. 2013a. Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete. ASTM C642. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2013b. Standard test method for measurement of rate of absorption of water by hydraulic cement concretes. ASTM C1585. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2015. Standard test method for dynamic young’s modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio by impulse excitation of vibration. ASTM E1876. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2016a. Standard test methods for chemical analysis of limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime. ASTM C25. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2016b. Standard test method for pulse velocity through concrete. ASTM C597. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2017a. Standard test method for coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete. ASTM 618. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2017b. Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. ASTM C39/C39M. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Aydin, E., and A. Balkis. 2017. “Preliminary study on the durability properties of high-volume fly ash mortar composites.” J. Test. Eval. 45 (6): 20160221. https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE20160221.
Breysse, D. 2012. “Nondestructive evaluation of concrete strength: An historical review and a new perspective by combining NDT methods.” Constr. Build. Mater. 33 (Aug): 139–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.103.
Chen, C.-T., H.-A. Nguyen, T.-P. Chang, T.-R. Yang, and T.-D. Nguyen. 2015. “Performance and microstructural examination on composition of hardened paste with no-cement SFC binder.” Constr. Build. Mater. 76 (Feb): 264–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.11.032.
Cwirzen, A., R. Engblom, J. Punkki, and K. Habermehl-Cwirzen. 2014. “Effects of curing: Comparison of optimised alkali-activated PC-FA-BFS and PC concretes.” Mag. Concr. Res. 66 (6): 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.13.00231.
Demirboğa, R., İ. Türkmen, and M. B. Karakoç. 2004. “Relationship between ultrasonic velocity and compressive strength for high-volume mineral-admixtured concrete.” Cem. Concr. Res. 34 (12): 2329–2336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.04.017.
Diamond, S. 2004. “The microstructure of cement paste and concrete—A visual primer.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 26 (8): 919–933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.028.
Dung, N. T., T.-P. Chang, and C.-T. Chen. 2014. “Engineering and sulfate resistance properties of slag-CFBC fly ash paste and mortar.” Constr. Build. Mater. 63 (Jul): 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.009.
Dung, N. T., T.-P. Chang, and C.-T. Chen. 2015. “Circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash-activated slag concrete as novel construction material.” ACI Mater. J. 112-M12 (1): 105–114. https://doi.org/10.14359/51686910.
Dung, N. T., T.-P. Chang, C.-T. Chen, and T.-R. Yang. 2016. “Cementitious properties and microstructure of an innovative slag eco-binder.” Mater. Struct. 49 (5): 2009–2024. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0630-6.
EFNARC (European Federation for Specialist Construction Chemicals and Concrete Systems). 2002. Specification and guidelines for self-compacting concrete. Farnham, UK: EFNARC.
Khatib, J. M. 2005. “Properties of concrete incorporating fine recycled aggregate.” Cem. Concr. Res. 35 (4): 763–769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.06.017.
Lee, S.-H., and G.-S. Kim. 2017. “Self-cementitious hydration of circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash.” J. Korean Ceram. Soc. 54 (2): 128–136. https://doi.org/10.4191/kcers.2017.54.2.07.
Lin, Y.-C., Y. Lin, and C.-C. Chan. 2016. “Use of ultrasonic pulse velocity to estimate strength of concrete at various ages.” Mag. Concr. Res. 68 (14): 739–749. https://doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.15.00025.
Nguyen, H.-A., T.-P. Chang, and J.-Y. Shih. 2018. “Engineering properties and bonding behavior of self-compacting concrete made with no-cement binder.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 30 (3): 04017294. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002136.
Nguyen, H.-A., T.-P. Chang, J.-Y. Shih, and C.-T. Chen. 2016a. “Engineering properties and drying shrinkage of high-performance concrete with no-cement SFC binder.” IJAMCE 3 (3): 130–133.
Nguyen, H.-A., T.-P. Chang, J.-Y. Shih, C.-T. Chen, and T.-D. Nguyen. 2016b. “Engineering properties and durability of high-strength self-compacting concrete with no-cement SFC binder.” Constr. Build. Mater. 106 (Mar): 670–677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.163.
Qureshi, M. N., and S. Ghosh. 2014. “Sorptivity ratio and compressive strength of alkali-activated blast furnace slag paste.” Adv. Civ. Eng. 3 (1): 238–255. https://doi.org/10.1520/ACEM20130113.
Shariq, M., J. Prasad, and A. Masood. 2013. “Studies in ultrasonic pulse velocity of concrete containing GGBFS.” Constr. Build. Mater. 40 (Mar): 944–950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.070.
Sheng, G., Q. Li, and J. Zhai. 2012. “Investigation on the hydration of CFBC fly ash.” Fuel 98 (Aug): 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.02.008.
Sheng, G., Q. Li, J. Zhai, and F. Li. 2007. “Self-cementitious properties of fly ashes from CFBC boilers co-firing coal and high-sulphur petroleum coke.” Cem. Concr. Res. 37 (6): 871–876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.03.013.
Turner, L. K., and F. G. Collins. 2013. “Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) emissions: A comparison between geopolymer and OPC cement concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 43 (Jun): 125–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.01.023.
Vicroads. 2007. Test methods for the assessment of durability of concrete. Melbourne, Australia: Vicroads.
Wang, C.-C., and H.-Y. Wang. 2017. “Assessment of the compressive strength of recycled waste LCD glass concrete using the ultrasonic pulse velocity.” Constr. Build. Mater. 137 (Apr): 345–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.01.117.
Yuan, H., P. Dangla, P. Chatellier, and T. Chaussadent. 2013. “Degradation modelling of concrete submitted to sulfuric acid attack.” Cem. Concr. Res. 53 (Nov): 267–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.08.002.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 20, 2019
Accepted: Jan 27, 2020
Published online: Jun 24, 2020
Published in print: Sep 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Nov 24, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.