Evaluating Fatigue-Damage of Asphalt Binder and Mastic Modified with Nano-Silica and Synthesized Polyurethane Using VECD Method
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 32, Issue 8
Abstract
In this study, the fatigue performance of asphalt binder and mastic containing nano-silica and synthesized polyurethane was evaluated. Modifiers were used in three values of asphalt binder weight. The asphalt binder does not work alone in the asphalt mixture, but its combination with the filler is known as an active substance in the reaction. Superpave fatigue parameter (), time sweep (TS), and linear amplitude sweep (LAS) tests were used to evaluate the fatigue. The viscoelastic continuum damage (VECD) model has been successfully implemented for investigation of the fatigue damage in asphalt binder materials. The VECD method was utilized due to higher precision in measurement, less time consumption of test execution, and being model-based approach resulting in less number of tests required for each strain level. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to evaluate chemical structure. Johnson’s criteria cannot be used to estimate the fatigue life of mastic in this regard; the maximum shear stress criterion is reliable to evaluate fatigue performance of mastic. Results of this study indicated that damage mechanism in asphalt binder and mastic, especially in high strains, is different from that of modified and neat asphalt binder. Furthermore, the parameter of damage intensity is a good criterion for evaluation of fatigue performance in asphalt binder and mastic.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data (including time sweep testing, linear amplitude sweep testing, and Superpave fatigue testing), models, or excel code generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.
Acknowledgments
Authors express their gratitude to all the staff of the Jey Oil, Karoon Petrochemical, and Azin Polymer Sepahan Companies.
References
AASHTO. 2012. Determining the rheological properties of asphalt binder using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). AASHTO Designation: T315. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
AASHTO. 2014. Standard method of test for estimating fatigue resistance of asphalt binders using the linear amplitude sweep. AASHTO Designation: TP101-12-UL. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
Antunes, V., A. C. Freire, L. Quaresma, and R. Micaelo. 2015. “Influence of the geometrical and physical properties of filler in the filler–bitumen interaction.” Constr. Build. Mater. 76 (Feb): 322–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.12.008.
ASTM. 2001. Standard test methods for polyurethane raw materials determination of the isocyanate content of aromatic isocyanates. ASTM International: D5155. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2009. Standard test methods for specific gravity, apparent, of liquid industrial chemicals. ASTM International: D891. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2011. Standard test methods for testing polyurethane raw materials: Determination of hydroxyl numbers of polyols. ASTM Designation: D4274. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2012. Standard test method for effect of heat and air on a moving film of asphalt (rolling thin-film oven test). ASTM Designation: D2872. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2013. Standard practice for accelerated aging of asphalt binder using a Pressurized Aging Vessel (PAV). ASTM International: ASTM D6521. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2014. Standard test method for effects of heat and air on asphaltic materials (thin-film oven test). ASTM International: D1754. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Baginska, K., and I. Gawel. 2004. “Effect of origin and technology on the chemical composition and colloidal stability of bitumens.” Fuel Process. Technol. 85 (13): 1453–1462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2003.10.002.
Bahia, H. 2010. Test methods and specification criteria for mineral filler used in HMA. NCHRP09-45. Madison, WI: Univ. of Wisconsin–Madison.
Bazmara, B., M. Tahersima, and A. Behravan. 2018. “Influence of thermoplastic polyurethane and synthesized polyurethane additive in performance of asphalt pavements.” Constr. Build. Mater. 166 (Mar): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.093.
Bil, M., J. Ryszkowska, P. Wozniak, K. J. Kurzydlowski, and M. Lewandowska-Szumiel. 2010. “Optimization of the structure of polyurethanes for bone tissue engineering applications.” Acta Biomater. 6 (7): 2501–2510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2009.08.037.
Cardone, F., F. Frigio, G. Ferrotti, and F. Canestrari. 2015. “Influence of mineral fillers on the rheological response of polymer-modified bitumens and mastics.” J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 2 (6): 373–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtte.2015.06.003.
Carrera, V., P. Partal, M. García-Morales, C. Gallegos, and A. Pérez-Lepe. 2010. “Effect of processing on the rheological properties of poly-urethane/urea bituminous products.” Fuel Process. Technol. 91 (9): 1139–1145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2010.03.028.
Enieb, M., and A. Diab. 2017. “Characteristics of asphalt binder and mixture containing nanosilica.” Int. J. Pavement Res. Technol. 10 (2): 148–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijprt.2016.11.009.
Frigio, F., G. Ferrotti, and F. Cardone. 2016. “Fatigue rheological characterization of polymer-modified bitumens and mastics.” In Vol. 11 of Proc., 8th RILEM Int. Symp. on Testing and Characterization of Sustainable and Innovative Bituminous Materials, 655–666. Dordrecht, Netherland: Springer.
Ghuzlan, K. A., and M. O. Al Assi. 2017. “Sasobit-modified asphalt binder rheology.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 29 (9): 04017142. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001996.
Gong, M., J. Yang, H. Yao, M. Wang, X. Niu, and J. E. Haddock. 2018. “Investigating the performance, chemical, and microstructure properties of carbon nanotube-modified asphalt binder.” Road Mater. Pavement Des. 19 (7): 1499–1522. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2017.1323661.
Izquierdo, M. A., M. García-Morales, F. J. Martínez-Boza, and F. J. Navarro. 2014. “Thermo-mechanical properties and microstructural considerations of MDI isocyanate-based bituminous foams.” Mater. Chem. Phys. 146 (3): 261–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2014.03.018.
Izquierdo, M. A., F. J. Navarro, F. J. Martínez-Boza, and C. Gallegos. 2011. “Novel stable MDI isocyanate-based bituminous foams.” Fuel 90 (2): 681–688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.10.002.
Izquierdo, M. A., F. J. Navarro, F. J. Martínez-Boza, and C. Gallegos. 2012. “Bituminous polyurethane foams for building applications: Influence of bitumen hardness.” Constr. Build. Mater. 30 (May): 706–713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.088.
Izquierdo, M. A., F. J. Navarro, F. J. Martínez-Boza, and C. Gallegos. 2013. “Effects of MDI–PPG molecular weight on the thermorheological behaviour of MDI–isocyanate based bituminous foams.” J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 19 (2): 704–711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2012.10.025.
Jiménez, F. P., R. M. Recasens, and A. Martínez. 2011. “Effect of filler nature and content on the behaviour of bituminous mastics.” Supplement, Road Mater. Pavement Des. 9 (S1): 417–431. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2008.9690177.
Johnson, C. M. 2010. “Estimating asphalt binder fatigue resistance using an accelerated test method.” Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin.
Kim, Y.-R., and D. N. Little. 2004. “Linear viscoelastic analysis of asphalt mastics.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 16 (2): 122–132. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2004)16:2(122).
Leiva-Villacorta, F., and A. Vargas-Nordcbeck. 2019. “Optimum content of nano-silica to ensure proper performance of an asphalt binder.” Road Mater. Pavement Des. 20 (2): 414–425. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2017.1385510.
Mehta, Y. 2014. “Evaluation of fatigue behavior of neat and polymer modified binders and mastics using multiple test methods.” In Paper Presented at the 29th Int. Conf. on Solid Waste Technology and Management. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Navarro, F., P. Partal, M. Garciamorales, F. Martinezboza, and C. Gallegos. 2007. “Bitumen modification with a low-molecular-weight reactive isocyanate-terminated polymer.” Fuel 86 (15): 2291–2299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.01.023.
Nazari, H., K. Naderi, and F. Moghadas Nejad. 2018. “Improving aging resistance and fatigue performance of asphalt binders using inorganic nanoparticles.” Constr. Build. Mater. 170 (May): 591–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.107.
Nejad, F. M., H. Nazari, K. Naderi, F. Karimiyan Khosroshahi, and M. Hatefi Oskuei. 2017. “Thermal and rheological properties of nanoparticle modified asphalt binder at low and intermediate temperature range.” Pet. Sci. Technol. 35 (7): 641–646. https://doi.org/10.1080/10916466.2016.1276589.
Osman, S. A. 2004. “The role of bitumen and bitumen/filler mortar in bituminous mixture fatigue.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Nottingham.
Peebles, G., Y. Mehta, A. Nolan, and R. Dusseau. 2013. “Fatigue behavior of neat and polymer-modified binders and mastics.” In Paper Presented at the Airfield and Highway Pavement Conf. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Qiu, H., X. Tan, S. Shi, and H. Zhang. 2013. “Influence of filler–bitumen ratio on performance of modified asphalt mortar by additive.” J. Mod. Transp. 21 (1): 40–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40534-013-0002-2.
Rieksts, K., M. Pettinari, and V. Haritonovs. 2019. “The influence of filler type and gradation on the rheological performance of mastics.” Road Mater. Pavement Des. 20 (4): 964–978. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2018.1428216.
Robati, M., A. Carter, and D. Perraton. 2015. “New conceptual model for filler stiffening effect on asphalt mastic of microsurfacing.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 27 (11): 04015033. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001264.
Romeo, E., V. Ghizzardi, S. Rastelli, and A. Montepara. 2016. “Influence of mineral fillers and their fractional voids on mastic rheological and mechanical properties.” In Paper Presented at the 8th RILEM Int. Symp. on Testing and Characterization of Sustainable and Innovative Bituminous Materials. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.
Saltan, M., S. Terzi, and S. Karahancer. 2017. “Examination of hot mix asphalt and binder performance modified with nano silica.” Constr. Build. Mater. 156 (Dec): 976–984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.069.
Santagata, E., O. Baglieri, and D. Dalmazzo. 2008. “Experimental investigation on the fatigue damage behaviour of modified bituminous binders and mastics.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol. 77 (Jan): 851–883.
Sharma, V., S. Chandra, and R. Choudhary. 2010. “Characterization of fly ash bituminous concrete mixes.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 22 (12): 1209–1216. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000125.
Vale, A. C. D., A. L. Faxina, and F. L. G. Grecco. 2016. “Effects of filler/bitumen ratio and bitumen grade on rutting and fatigue characteristics of bituminous mastics.” In Proc., 6th Eurasphalt and Eurobitume Congress. Prague, Czechia: Nynas Company.
Wang, D., L. Wang, X. Gu, and G. Zhou. 2013. “Effect of basalt fiber on the asphalt binder and mastic at low temperature.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 25 (3): 355–364. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000605.
Weigel, S., and D. Stephan. 2017. “The prediction of bitumen properties based on FTIR and multivariate analysis methods.” Fuel 208 (Nov): 655–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.07.048.
White, G. 2016. “The contribution of asphalt mastic to shear resistance.” In Paper Presented at the 6th Eurasphalt and Eurobitume Congress. Prague, Czechia: Nynas Company.
Yao, H., Z. You, L. Li, C. H. Lee, D. Wingard, Y. K. Yap, and S. W. Goh. 2013. “Rheological properties and chemical bonding of asphalt modified with nanosilica.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 25 (11): 1619–1630. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000690.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 17, 2019
Accepted: Jan 27, 2020
Published online: May 28, 2020
Published in print: Aug 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Oct 28, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.