Rheology-Based Protocol to Establish Admixture Compatibility in Dense Cementitious Suspensions
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 30, Issue 7
Abstract
Chemical admixtures are often added to concentrated cementitious suspensions in an effort to adjust their (1) rheology, i.e., yield stress and viscosity; (2) time of set, i.e., when plasticity is lost; and (3) hardening rate. Although the first adjustment is affected by dosage of dispersants, the subsequent two adjustments are made by dosing chemical additives that alter the binder’s reaction rate. To ensure desirable field performance, e.g., at subambient temperatures, dispersants and reaction rate enhancers may be dosed simultaneously. In such cases, it is critical to ensure that the dosed additives are compatible with each other. To assess such admixture compatibility and synergy, an original rheology-based method is developed. The method involves assessing the yield stress and plastic viscosity of cementitious suspensions with and without admixtures over a wide strain rate range (). Three fluidity parameters are examined, including (1) plasticity retention; (2) placement limit, i.e., time at which pumpability/pourability is lost; and (3) the rate of hardening following loss of plasticity. To provide a basis of comparison, each of these parameters is assessed relative to neat cement suspensions, across a range of liquid-to-solid ratios (by mass). The method is demonstrated for cementitious suspensions dosed with polycarboxylate ether (PCE) dispersants and calcium nitrate (CN), a set accelerator. The results highlight a means to identify dispersant/set accelerator combinations (or more generally, chemical admixture combinations) that yield optimal synergistic benefits.
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Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge financial support for this research from Environmental Research and Education Foundation, Yara Industrial Nitrates, and the University of California, Los Angeles. This research was conducted in Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials () and the Molecular Instrumentation Center (MIC) at UCLA. As such, the authors gratefully acknowledge the support that has made these laboratories and their operations possible. The contents of this paper reflect the views and opinions of the authors, who are responsible for the accuracy of the data sets presented herein.
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©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Feb 24, 2017
Accepted: Nov 17, 2017
Published online: Apr 21, 2018
Published in print: Jul 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Sep 21, 2018
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