Technical Notes
Jun 8, 2016

Effects of Microwave Curing on the Chemical and Physical Properties of Epoxy Asphalt

Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 28, Issue 11

Abstract

As a long-life road surfacing material, epoxy asphalt has many benefits such as high strength, excellent bonding properties, high temperature stability, and high resistance to low temperature cracking. With the increasing use of epoxy asphalt in orthotropic steel bridge deck pavements, there has been an urgent need for a fast, easy, and reliable maintenance method. Microwave heating provides a promising method for epoxy asphalt curing. This study explored the possibility of using microwave heating for epoxy asphalt curing and investigated the effects of microwave heating on chemical and physical properties of epoxy asphalt. An epoxy asphalt suitable for microwave heating was prepared, tested for its tensile properties, and characterized using thermal analysis, infrared analysis, and microscopy tests. The results showed that the epoxy asphalt cured by microwave heating had a better ductility than that cured by conventional heating. The fluorescence and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) observations showed that microwave curing could reduce the size of asphalt particles dispersed in the continuous phase of epoxy, thus improving the compatibility between epoxy resin and asphalt.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported jointly by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 310831153504 and the Department of Transportation of Shaanxi Province, China, under Grant 13-27.

References

Benedetto, A., and Calvi, A. (2013). “A pilot study on microwave heating for production and recycling of road pavement materials.” Constr. Build. Mater., 44, 351–359.
Bocci, E., and Canestrari, F. (2012). “Analysis of structural compatibility at the interface between asphalt concrete pavements and orthotropic steel deck bridges.” Trans. Res. Rec., 2293, 1–7.
Bocci, E., and Canestrari, F. (2013). “Experimental evaluation of the shear resistance of improved steel-asphalt interfaces.” Trans. Res. Rec., 2370, 145–150.
Chaowasakoo, T., and Sombatsompop, N. (2007). “Mechanical and morphological properties of fly ash/epoxy composites using conventional thermal and microwave curing methods.” Compos. Sci. Technol., 67(11), 2282–2291.
Connor, R., et al. (2012). “Manual for design, construction, and maintenance of orthotropic steel deck bridges.”, Public Roads, Washington, DC.
Dong, Q., Dong, C., and Huang, B. (2015). “Statistical analyses of field serviceability of throw-and-roll pothole patches.” J. Transp. Eng., 04015017.
Dong, Q., Huang, B., and Jia, X. (2014a). “Long-term cost-effectiveness of asphalt pavement pothole patching methods.” Trans. Res. Rec., 2431, 49–56.
Dong, Q., Huang, B., and Zhao, S. (2014b). “Field and laboratory evaluation of winter season pavement pothole patching materials.” Int. J. Pavement Eng., 15(4), 279–289.
Feng, Y. B., Qiu, T., and Shen, C. Y. (2007). “Absorbing properties and structural design of microwave absorbers based on carbonyl iron and barium ferrite.” J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 318(1), 8–13.
Fu, B., and Hawley, M. C. (2000). “Comparative study of continuous-power and pulsed-power microwave curing of epoxy resins.” Polym. Eng. Sci., 40(10), 2133–2143.
Gallego, J., del Val, M. A., Contreras, V., and Páez, A. (2013). “Heating asphalt mixtures with microwaves to promote self-healing.” Constr. Build. Mater., 42, 1–4.
Gaul, R. (2009). “A long life pavement for orthotropic bridge decks in China.” Proc., 2009 GeoHunan Int. Conf., ASCE, Reston, VA, 1–8.
Hedreul, C., Galy, J., Dupuy, J., Delmotte, M., and More, C. (2001). “Morphology of a linear polymer-modified epoxy-amine formulation cured by microwave energy at different heating rates.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 82(5), 1118–1128.
Hicks, R. G., Dussek, I. J., and Seim, C. (2000). “Asphalt surfaces on steel bridge decks.” Trans. Res. Rec., 1740, 135–142.
Li, W., Wang, J., Li, Y., and Liu, F. (1994). “A study on the morphology and properties of IPNs by the method of microwave radiation polymerization.” Acta Polym. Sinica, 1(4), 509–511.
Livi, A., Levita, G., and Rolla, P. A. (1993). “Dielectric behavior at microwave frequencies of an epoxy resin during crosslinking.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 50(9), 1583–1590.
Lu, Q., and Bors, J. (2015). “Alternate uses of epoxy asphalt on bridge decks and roadways.” Constr. Build. Mater., 78, 18–25.
Luo, S., Wang, J., and Qian, Z. (2007). “Research on the performance of locally developed epoxy asphalt mixes.” Proc., 26th Southern African Transport Conf., Geological and Mining Institute of Spain, Madrid, Spain.
Marand, E., Baker, K. R., and Graybeal, J. D. (1992). “Comparison of reaction mechanisms of epoxy resins undergoing thermal and microwave cure from in situ measurements of microwave dielectric properties and infrared spectroscopy.” Macromolecules, 25(8), 2243–2252.
McDaniel, S. R., Olek, J., Behnood, A., Magee, B., and Pollock, R. (2014). Pavement patching practices: NCHRP synthesis of highway practice, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC.
Mijovic, J., Fishbain, A., and Wijaya, J. (1992). “Mechanistic modeling of epoxy-amine kinetics. II: Comparison of kinetics in thermal and microwave fields.” Macromolecules, 25(2), 986–989.
Miller, J. S., and Bellinger, W. Y. (2003). “Distress identification manual for the long-term pavement performance program.”, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, DC.
Navabpour, P., Nesbitt, A., Mann, T., and Day, R. J. (2007). “Comparison of the curing kinetics of a DGEBA/acid anhydride epoxy resin system using differential scanning calorimetry and a microwave-heated calorimeter.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 104(3), 2054–2063.
OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation Development). (2008). “Long-life surfaces for busy roads.” European Conf. of Ministry of Transport, Int. Transport Forum, Paris.
Qing, Y., Zhou, W., Luo, F., and Zhu, D. (2009). “Microwave-absorbing and mechanical properties of carbonyl-iron/epoxy-silicone resin coatings.” J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 321(1), 25–28.
Saccone, G., Amendola, E., and Acierno, D. (2009). “Conventional and microwave curing process of epoxy systems: Kinetic analysis and characterization.” Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., 51(11), 2777–2783.
Tang, X. W., Jiao, S. J., Gao, Z. Y., and Xu, X. L. (2008). “Study of 5.8 GHz magnetron in asphalt pavement maintenance.” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., 22(14-15), 1975–1984.
Terrel, R. L., and Al-Ohaly, A. (1987). “Microwave heating of asphalt paving materials.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 56, 454–491.
Wei, J., Hawley, M. C., Delong, J. D., and Demeuse, M. (1993). “Comparison of microwave and thermal cure of epoxy resins.” Polym. Eng. Sci., 33(17), 1132–1140.
Yang, R. B., and Liang, W. F. (2011). “Microwave properties of high-aspect-ratio carbonyl iron/epoxy absorbers.” J. Appl. Phys., 109(7), 178.
Zong, L., Zhou, S., Sun, R., Kempel, L. C., and Hawley, M. C. (2004). “Dielectric analysis of a crosslinking epoxy resin at a high microwave frequency.” J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys., 42(15), 2871–2877.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 28Issue 11November 2016

History

Received: Jan 30, 2016
Accepted: Mar 9, 2016
Published online: Jun 8, 2016
Published in print: Nov 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Nov 8, 2016

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Tao Ai, Ph.D. [email protected]
Associate Professor, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an Univ., No. 161 Chang’an Middle Rd., Xi’an 710061, P.R. China. E-mail: [email protected]
Shu Xiang, Ph.D. [email protected]
Research Scientist, Hebei Research Institute of Construction and Geotechnical Investigation Co. Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050031, China; Research Scientist, Technology Center of Geotechnical Engineering of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, China. E-mail: [email protected]
Zhenjun Wang, Ph.D. [email protected]
Professor, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an Univ., No. 161 Chang’an Middle Rd., Xi’an 710061, P.R. China (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share