Technical Papers
Jan 27, 2016

Central Crack Tearing Testing of Laminated Fabric Uretek3216LV under Uniaxial and Biaxial Static Tensile Loads

Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 28, Issue 7

Abstract

This paper deals with the tearing analysis on laminated fabrics used in pneumatic structures (specifically crack propagation and tearing strength). Uniaxial tearing tests were carefully conducted on specimens, and the influences of crack parameters on the tearing behaviors and strength of a laminated fabric were discussed. Afterward, the biaxial tearing tests were performed on the cruciform specimens to study their central tearing properties. The tearing strength and failure performance were significantly related to the stress ratios. With the same equivalent crack length, the samples under biaxial loads could show a higher tearing resistance than those under the uniaxial loads. Finally, the results of three different theories used to predict the uniaxial tearing strength were compared with the experimental results, and it was found that the Thiele theory provided the best prediction for the tearing strength of laminated fabrics.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20150775) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51278299). The specimens were made in 605 Research Institute of Aviation Industry of China (AVIC) and the tests were conducted in School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Yu Hu took part in conducting some experiments in the summer of 2014 and gave some advice on the English writing. Bo Yao and Jin Fan gave some useful advice on the experiment design. Chris Tomlinson corrected English language in some sentences. The authors acknowledge with thanks all these instances of help, and other unmentioned ones.

References

Ambroziak, A., and Klosowski, P. (2014). “Mechanical properties for preliminary design of structures made from PVC coated fabric.” Constr. Build. Mater., 50(15), 74–81.
Bai, J., Xiong, J., and Cheng, X. (2011). “Tear resistance of orthogonal kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU film.” Chin. J. Aeronaut., 24(1), 113–118.
Bigaud, D., Szostkiewicz, C., and Hamelin, P. (2003). “Tearing analysis for textile reinforced soft composites under mono-axial and bi-axial tensile stresses.” Compos. Struct., 62(2), 129–137.
Bridgens, B. N., Gosling, P. D., Jou, G. T., Yi, H., and Ni, J. (2012). “Inter-laboratory comparison of biaxial tests for architectural textiles.” J. Text. Inst., 103(7), 706–718.
BSI (British Standard Institution). (2005). “Textiles—Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing.” BS EN ISO 139-2005, London.
Chen, J. W., Chen, W. J., Hou, H. Q., and Hu, Y. (2015a). “Analysis on tearing strength of envelope materials under central crack tearing.” Acta. Materiae Compositae Sinica, in press.
Chen, J. W., Chen, W. J., and Zhang, D. X. (2013). “Experimental study on uniaxial and biaxial tensile properties of coated fabric for airship envelopes.” J. Reinf. Plast. Comp., 33(7), 630–647.
Chen, J. W., Chen, W. J., Zhao, B., and Yao, B. (2015b). “Mechanical responses and damage morphology of laminated fabrics with a central slit under uniaxial tension: A comparison between analytical and experimental results.” Constr. Build. Mater., 101, 488–502.
Chen, S., Ding, X., and Fangueiro, R. (2008). “Tensile behavior of PVC-coated woven membrane materials under uni- and bi-axial loads.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 107(3), 2038–2044.
Chen, W. J., Zhang, L., and Zhang, D. X., (2011). “Research and development of bi-axial tension tester and experiments on the mechanical properties of envelop fabrics.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures-Structural Membranes, International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE), Barcelona, Spain, 1–12.
Chu, C. Y., Dhingra, R., and Postle, R. (1991). “Study of tearing properties of membrane coated fabrics.” J. Dong Hua Univ., 8(4), 1–9.
FFA (Federal Aviation Administration). (1995). “Airship design criteria.”, Washington, DC.
Forster, B., and Mollaert, M. (2004). European design guide for tensile surface structures, Tensinet, Germany.
Gan, X., and Guo, Y. (2005). Introduction to airship technology, National Defense Industry Press, Beijing.
Godfrey, T. A., and Rossettos, J. N. (1999). “The onset of tear propagation at slits in stressed uncoated plain weave fabrics.” J. Appl. Mech., 66(4), 926–933.
Godfrey, T. A., Rossettos, J. N., and Bosselman, S. E. (2004). “The onset of tearing at slits in stressed coated plain weave fabrics.” J. Appl. Mech., 71(6), 879–886.
Hager, O. B., Gagliardi, D. D., and Walker, H. B. (1947). “Analysis of tear strength.” Text. Res., 17(7), 376–381.
Harrison, P. (1960). “The tearing strength of fabrics. Part I: A review of the literature.” J. Text. Inst., 51(3), T91–T131.
Kang, W., Suh, Y., Woo, K., and Lee, I. (2006). “Mechanical property characterization of film-fabric laminate for stratospheric airship envelope.” Compos. Struct., 75(1), 151–155.
Komatsu, K., Sano, M. A., and Kakuta, Y. (2003). “Development of high-specific-strength envelope materials.” Proc., 3th AIAA Annual Aviation Technology, Integration and Operations Technology Forum, AIAA, Reston, VA, 6765–6771.
Krook, C. M., and Fox, K. R. (1945). “Study of the tongue-tear test.” Text. Res., 15(11), 389–396.
Liu, L. B., Lv, M. Y., and Xiao, H. D. (2014). “Tear strength characteristics of laminated envelope composites based on single edge notched film experiment.” Eng. Fract. Mech., 127(1), 21–30.
Luo, Y., and Hu, H. (2009). “Mechanical properties of PVC coated bi-axial warp knitted fabric with and without initial cracks under multi-axial tensile loads.” Compos. Struct., 89(4), 536–542.
Maekawa, S., Shibasaki, K., Kurose, T., Maeda, T., Sasaki, Y., and Yoshino, T. (2008). “Tear propagation of a high-performance airship envelope material.” J. Aircraft., 45(5), 1546–1553.
McDaniels, K., Downs, R. J., Meldner, H., Beach, C., and Adams, C. (2009). “High strength to weight ratio non-woven technical fabrics for aerospace applications.” Proc., AIAA Balloon Systems Conf., AIAA, Reston, VA, 2802–2810.
Miller, T., and Mandel, M. (2000). “Airship envelopes: Requirements, materials and test methods.” 〈https://imageserv5.team-logic.com/mediaLibrary/93/Airship_Envelopes_Requirements_Materials_and_Test_Methods.pdf〉 (Mar. 21, 2015).
Nakadate, M., Maekawa, S., Kurose, T., Hiyoshi, M., Kitada, T., and Segawa, S. (2009). “Reinforcement of an opening for high strength and light weight envelope material zylon.” Proc., 18th AIAA Lighter-Than-Air Systems Technology Conf., AIAA, Reston, VA, 2853–2859.
Nakadate, M., Maekawa, S., Toyotoshi, K., and Kitada, T. (2011). “Investigation of long term weathering characteristics on high strength and light weight envelope material Zylon.” Proc., 11th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations (ATIO) Conf., AIAA, Reston, VA, 6938–6943.
Nayler, A. (2003). “Airship activity and development world-wide-2003.” Proc., AIAA’s 3rd Aviation Technology, Integration and Operations (ATIO) Technical Forum, AIAA, Reston, VA, 6727–6737.
Rossettos, J. N., and Olia, M. (1995). “On the hybrid effect and matrix yielding at fibre breaks in hybrid composite sheets.” Mech. Comp. Mater. Struct., 2(4), 275–280.
Rossettos, J. N., and Shishesaz, M. (1987). “Stress concentration in fiber composite sheets including matrix extension.” J. Appl. Mech., 54(3), 723–724.
Scelzo, W. A., Backer, S., and Boyce, M. C. (1994). “Mechanistic role of yarn and fabric structure in determining tear resistance of woven cloth. Part II: Modeling tongue tear.” Text. Res. J., 64(6), 321–329.
Stockbridge, C., Ceruti, A., and Marzocca, P. (2012). “Airship research and development in the areas of design, structures, dynamics and energy systems.” Int. J. Aeronaut. Space Sci., 13(2), 170–187.
Teixeira, N. A., Platt, M. M., and Hamburger, W. J. (1955). “Mechanics of elastic performance of textile materials. Part XII: Relation of certain geometric factors to the tear strength of woven fabrics.” Text. Res., 25(10), 838–861.
Topping, A. D. (1973). “The critical slit length of pressurized coated fabric cylinders.” J. Ind. Text., 3(2), 96–110.
Turl, L. H. (1956). “The measurement of tearing strength of textile fabrics.” Text. Res., 26(3), 169–176.
Wang, P., Ma, Q., Sun, B., Hu, H., and Gu, B. (2011). “Finite element modeling of woven fabric tearing damage.” Text. Res. J., 81(12), 1273–1286.
Wang, P., Sun, B., and Gu, B. (2012). “Comparisons of trapezoid tearing behaviors of uncoated and coated woven fabrics from experimental and finite element analysis.” Inter. J. Damage. Mech., 22(4), 464–489.
Wang, S. N. (2013). “Analytical modeling on mechanical responses and damage morphology of flexible woven composites under trapezoid tearing.” Text. Res. J., 83(12), 1297–1309.
Witkowska, B., and Frydrych, I. (2004). “A comparative analysis of tear strength methods.” Fibres. Text. East. Eur., 12(2), 42–47.
Witkowska, B., and Frydrych, I. (2008). “Static tearing. Part II: Analysis of stages of static tearing in cotton fabrics for wing-shaped test specimens.” Text. Res. J., 78(11), 977–987.
Zhai, H. L., and Eule, A. R. (2005). “Material challenges for lighter-than-air systems in high altitude applications.” Proc., AIAA 5th Aviation, Technology, Integration, and Operations Conf. (ATIO), AIAA, Reston, VA, 7488–7499.
Zhang, Y., Zhang, Q., and Lv, H. (2012). “Mechanical properties of polyvinylchloride—Coated fabrics processed with Precontraint technology.” J. Reinf. Plast. Comp., 31(23), 1670–1684.
Zhong, W., Pan, N., and Lukas, D. (2004). “Stochastic modelling of tear behaviour of coated fabrics.” Model. Simul. Mater. Sci., 12(2), 293–309.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 28Issue 7July 2016

History

Received: Jul 21, 2015
Accepted: Nov 16, 2015
Published online: Jan 27, 2016
Discussion open until: Jun 27, 2016
Published in print: Jul 1, 2016

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Jianwen Chen [email protected]
Assistant Professor, School of Science, Nanjing Univ. of Science and Technology, Nan Jing 210094, P.R. China. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Professor, Space Structures Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., Shang Hai 200030, P.R. China (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share