Replacement of Quartz in Cementitious Composites Using PET Particles: A Statistical Analysis of the Physical and Mechanical Properties
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 28, Issue 1
Abstract
This work investigates the mechanical behavior of cementitious composites (mortar) when quartz inclusions are totally or partially replaced with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles. A full factorial design is performed to identify the effect of the water/cement ratio and the range of quartz particles size used in the replacement on the different mechanical and physical parameters (bulk density, apparent porosity, water absorption, oxygen permeability, compressive strength, and modulus of elasticity). The results show a general reduction of the mechanical properties when the replacement with quartz particles is put in place. The composites made by replacing the coarse quartz particles showed acceptable mechanical properties for nonstructural civil engineering applications, with a significant amount of PET recycling to be used as aggregates for some specific end-user cases.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank CAPES, CNPq, and FAPEMIG for the financial support provided. The authors are also thankful to the reviewers for their useful and constructive comments.
References
Akçaözoğlua, S., and Ulub, C. (2014). “Recycling of waste PET granules as aggregate in alkali-activated blast furnace slag/metakaolin blends.” Constr. Build. Mater., 58, 31–37.
Albano, C., Camacho, N., Hernández, M., Matheus, A., and Gutiérrez, A. (2009). “Influence of content and particle size of waste pet bottles on concrete behavior at different w/c ratios.” Waste Manage., 29(10), 2707–2716.
Associação Brasileira de empresas de limpeza pública e resíduos especiais (ABRELPE). (2010). “Panorama dos resíduos sólidos no Brasil.” 〈http://www.abrelpe.org.br〉 (Mar. 23, 2014).
ASTM. (2011). “Standard specification for aggregate for masonry mortar.”, West Conshohocken, PA.
Batayneh, M., Marie, I., and Asi, I. (2007). “Use of selected waste materials in concrete mixes.” Waste Manage., 27(12), 1870–1876.
British Standards Institution (BSI). (1993). “Method for determination of static modulus of elasticity in compression.”, London.
British Standards Institution (BSI). (1997). “Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density.”, London.
WPO-PIRA. (2008). “Market statistics and future trends in global packaging, world packaging organisation.” 〈http://www.worldpackaging.org/i4a/doclibrary/getfile.cfm?doc_id=7〉.
Cabrera, J. G., and Lynsdale, C. J. (1988). “A new gas permeameter for measuring the permeability of mortar and concrete.” Mag. Concr. Res., 40(144), 177–182.
Chandra, S., and Berntsson, L. (2003). Lightweight aggregate concrete. Science, technology and applications, Noyes, William Andrew, Norwich, New York.
Choi, Y. W., Moon, D. J., Chung, J. S., and Cho, S. K. (2005). “Effects of waste PET bottles aggregate on the properties of concrete.” Cem. Concr. Res., 35(4), 776–781.
Coelho, T. M., Castro, R., and Gobbo, J. A., Jr. (2011). “PET containers in Brazil: Opportunities and challenges of a logistics model for post-consumer waste recycling.” Resour. Conserv. Recycl., 55(3), 291–299.
Cota, F. P., Alves, R. A. A., Panzera, T. H., Strecker, K., Christoforo, A. L., and Borges, P. H. R. (2012). “Physical properties and microstructure of ceramic-polymer composites for restoration works.” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 531(1), 28–34.
Diamond, S. (2004). “The microstructure of cement paste and concrete-a visual primer.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 26(8), 919–933.
Foti, D. (2011). “Preliminary analysis of concrete reinforced with waste bottles PET fibers.” Constr. Build. Mater., 25(4), 1906–1915.
Hannawi, K., Kamali-Bernard, S., and Price, W. (2010). “Physical and mechanical properties of mortars containing PET and PC waste aggregates.” Waste Manage., 30(11), 2312–2320.
Kim, S. B., Yi, N. H., Kim, H. Y., Kim, J. J., and Song, Y. C. (2010). “Material and structural performance evaluation of recycled PET fiber reinforced concrete.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 32(3), 232–240.
Modro, N. L. R., Modro, N. R., and Oliveira, A. P. N. (2009). “Evaluation of concrete made of Portland cement containing PET wastes.” Matéria, 14(1), 725–736 (in Portuguese).
Montgomery, D. C. (2001). Design and analysis of experiments, 5th Ed., Wiley, New York.
Nacif, G. L., Panzera, T. H., Strecker, K., Christoforo, A. L., and Paine, K. A. (2013). “Investigations on cementitious composites based on rubber particle waste additions.” Mater. Res., 16(2), 259–268.
Neville, A. M. (1981). Properties of concrete, Pitman, London.
Ollitrault-Fichet, R., Gauthier, C., Clamen, G., and Boch, P. (1998). “Microstructural aspects in a polymer-modified cement.” Cem. Concr. Res., 28(12), 1687–1693.
Onal, L., and Adanur, S. (2005). “Optimization of compression molding process in laminated woven composites.” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 24(7), 775–780.
Plastics-The Facts. (2011). “An analysis of European plastics production, demand and recovery for 2010.” 〈http://www.plasticseurope.org/documents/document/20111107101127-final_pe_factsFig.s_uk2011_lr_041111.pdf〉 (Jan. 24, 2014).
Rossignolo, J. A., and Agnesini, M. V. C. (2002). “Mechanical properties of polymer-modified lightweight aggregate concrete.” Cem. Concr. Res., 32(3), 329–334.
Saikia, N., and Brito, J. (2012). “Use of plastic waste as aggregate in cement mortar and concrete preparation: A review.” Constr. Build. Mater., 34, 385–401.
Sakai, E., and Sugita, J. (1995). “Composite mechanism of polymer modified cement.” Cem. Concr. Res., 25(1), 127–135.
Satapathy, S., and Nando, G. B. (2008). “Mechanical properties and fracture behavior of short PET fiber-waste polyethylene composites.” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 27(9), 967–984.
Wang, H. Y., and Tsai, K. C. (2006). “Engineering properties of lightweight aggregate concrete made from dredged silt.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 28(5), 481–485.
Wang, R., and Meyer, C. (2012). “Performance of cement mortar made with recycled high impact polystyrene.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 34(9), 975–981.
Williams, P. T. (1998). Waste treatment and disposal, Wiley, Chisterter.
Wu, C. F. J., and Hamada, M. (2000). Experiments: Planning, analysis, and parameter design optimization, Wiley, New York.
Zhou, C. (2014). “Predicting water permeability and relative gas permeability of unsaturated cement-based material from hydraulic diffusivity.” Cem. Concr. Res., 58, 143–151.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 28 • Issue 1 • January 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 27, 2014
Accepted: Apr 8, 2015
Published online: Jun 3, 2015
Discussion open until: Nov 3, 2015
Published in print: Jan 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.