Use of Sludge Ash as a Stabilizing Additive in Soil-Cement Mixtures for Use in Road Pavements
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 27, Issue 7
Abstract
This paper presents a study evaluating the use of sludge ash as a stabilizing additive to soil-cement mixtures for use in base and subbase road pavements by investigating the mechanical behavior of these mixtures. The methodology consisted of materials testing, including the geotechnical characterization of the soil and the mechanics of the soil-cement and the soil-cement-sludge ash mixtures. An unconfined compression test evaluated the mechanical behavior of soil-cement mixtures with cement contents of 3, 6, and 9% compressed with normal, intermediate, and modified pressures. The sludge ash contents added were of 5, 10, 20, and 30%. The results indicate increasing strength for all ash levels studied. The largest gain in strength was for a mixture with 20% sludge ash, which increased the strength by 26% compared with the mixture without sludge ash.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Alleman, J. E., and Berman, N. A. (1984). “Constructive sludge management: Biobrick.” J. Environ. Eng., 301–311.
Al Sayed, M. H., Madany, I. M., and Buali, A. R. M. (1995). “Use of sewage sludge ash in asphalt paving mixes in hot regions.” Constr. Build. Mater., 9(1), 19–23.
Associaçāo Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT). (2004a). “Standard test methods for solid waste.” NBR 10:004-10007, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Associaçāo Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT). (2004b). “Standard test methods for solid waste.” NBR 10005—Solid waste—Procedure for obtaining lixiviate from solid waste, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
ASTM. (2006). “Standard method for unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil.” D2166-06, West Conshohoken, PA.
ASTM. (2007). “Standard test method for CBR (California bearing ratio) of compacted soils.” D1883-07e2, West Conshohoken, PA.
ASTM. (2012a). “Standard methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort ().” D698-12, West Conshohoken, PA.
ASTM. (2012b). “Standard methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using modified effort ().” D1557-12, West Conshohoken, PA.
Brosch, C. D. (1975). Lightweight aggregate production from sewage sludge, Brazilian Congress of Sanitary Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Durante Ingunza, M. P., Dantas Lima, A., and Calado Araujo, A. L. (2013a). “Use of septic tank sludge as raw material in the manufacture of bricks.” Adv. Mater. Res., 712–715, 921–924.
Durante Ingunza, M. P., Santos Junior, O., and Andrade Medeiros, S. (2013b). “Sewage sludge as raw material in asphalt mixtures.” Adv. Mater. Res., 664, 638–643.
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). (2008). “User guidelines for waste and byproduct materials in pavement construction.”, Washington, DC.
Feitosa, M. C. A. (2009). “Sewage sludge: Applications in engineering.” Master thesis, Post-graduation Program in Civil Engineering, Catholic Univ. of Pernambuco, Brazil.
Fontes, C. M. A. (2003). “Potential of ash sludge from sewage treatment plants as supplementary material for portland cement concrete.” Master thesis, Post-graduation Programo f Engineering, Federal Univ. of Rio de Janeiro—COPPE, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Geyer, A. L. B., Consoli, N. C., and Dal Molin, D. C. (1998). “Recycling of sewage sludge from treatment plants of Porto Alegre city, Brazil, and its use as admixture in concrete.” Challenges for concrete in the next millennium, G. den Boer, ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Monzó, J., Payá, J., Borrachero, M. V., and Córcoles, A. (1996). “Use of sewage sludge ash (SSA)-cement admixtures in mortars.” Cem. Concr. Res., 26(9), 1389–1398.
Morales, G. (1994). “Verification and evaluation of the pozzolanic reactivity of the ash of sewage sludge in Londrina.” Doctoral thesis, Politecnic School, Univ. of São Paulo, Brazil.
National Department of Transport Infrastructure (DNIT). (2010). “ES—Procedures for base pavement layer construction using soil-cement admixture (in Portuguese).”, Brazil.
Onaka, T. (2000). “Sewage can make portland cement: A new technology for ultimate reuse of sewage sludge.” Water Sci. Technol., 41(8), 93–98.
Praticò, F. G., Saride, S., and Puppala, A. (2011). “Comprehensive life cycle cost analysis for the selection of stabilization alternatives for better performance of low volume roads.”, Transportation Research Board, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 120–129.
Tay, J. (1987). “Bricks manufactured from sludge.” J. Environ. Eng., 278–284.
Tay, J. H., and Show, K. Y. (1991). “Properties of cement made from sludge.” J. Environ. Eng., 236–246.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 27 • Issue 7 • July 2015
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 22, 2013
Accepted: Jul 28, 2014
Published online: Sep 4, 2014
Discussion open until: Feb 4, 2015
Published in print: Jul 1, 2015
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.