Comparison of Portland Cement (KS and API Class G) on Cement Carbonation for Carbon Storage
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 27, Issue 1
Abstract
Portland cement is a common sealing material used in wellbores for geological carbon sequestration. Two types of portland cement were reacted with carbon dioxide () in supercritical, gaseous, and aqueous phases, under various pressure and temperature conditions, to simulate a cement- reaction along the wellbore from the carbon injection depth to the near surface. In this study, two types of cement were used: Korean Standard (KS) portland cement (Type I) and American Petroleum Institute (API) class G portland cement. The top halves of hydrated portland cement sample columns (), including additives such as fly ash, were reacted with in an unsaturated (dry, no contact with water) condition. The bottom halves of the columns were reacted with in a saturated (wet, in contact with water) condition. These conditions were maintained under high pressure (8 MPa) and temperature (40°C) for 10 and 100 days to determine the potential of this process for carbon sequestration. To perform a relative quantitative analysis (RQA) of cement carbonation, an aragonite-calcite equation was proposed. The degree of carbonation was determined according to the type of cement, the reaction period, and the amount of fly ash. The characterization of the cement was performed using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The relative quantitative analysis of cement carbonation proposed in this study has the advantages of being easier and faster to perform than the general quantitative method.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to acknowledge the financial support from the R&D Convergence Program of MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning) and ISTK (Korea Research Council for Industrial Science and Technology) of Republic of Korea (Grant B551179-09-03-00).
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Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 27 • Issue 1 • January 2015
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 14, 2013
Accepted: Jan 13, 2014
Published online: Jan 15, 2014
Discussion open until: Dec 7, 2014
Published in print: Jan 1, 2015
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