Retracted: Quantum-Chemistry–Based Study of Beech-Wood Lignin as an Antioxidant of Petroleum Asphalt
This article has been corrected.
VIEW CORRECTIONPublication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 25, Issue 10
Abstract
Oxidative hardening or aging of asphalt binder can lead to increase in viscosity, separation of components, loss of cohesion and adhesion, and eventually the degraded engineering performances. A common practice to minimize asphalt aging has been to use chemical additives or modifiers as antioxidants. The current state of knowledge in asphalt oxidation and antioxidant evaluation concentrates on monitoring the degradation in asphalt’s physical properties, mainly the viscosity and ductility. Such practices although satisfying direct engineering needs does not contribute to the fundamental understanding of the asphalt aging and antiaging mechanisms. As such, this study was initiated to study the antioxidation mechanisms of bio-based additives, using the beech-wood lignin as an example, by developing a quantum-chemistry based chemophysical environment in which the various chemical reactions among asphalt components, antioxidative ingredients and oxygen molecules, as well as the incurred physical changes can be studied. The techniques of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to prove the validity of the modified and unmodified asphalt models.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Berendsen, H. J. C., Postma, J. P. M., van Gunsteren, W., DiNola, A., and Haak, J. R. (1984). “Molecular dynamics with coupling to an external bath.” J. Chem. Phys., 81(8), 3684–3690.
Bishara, S. W., Robertson, R. E., and Mohoney, D. (2005). “Lignin as an antioxidant: A limited study on asphalts frequency used on Kansas roads.” 42nd Petersen Asphalt Res. Conf.
Boeriu, C. G., Bravo, D., Gosselink, R. J. A., and van Dam, J. E. (2004). “Characterization of structure-dependent functional properties of lignin with infrared spectroscopy.” Ind. Crops Prod., 20(2), 205–218.
Boerjan, W., Ralph, J., and Baucher, M. (2003). “Lignin bios.” Annu. Rev. Plant Biol., 54(1), 519–549.
Branthaver, J. F., et al. (1993). “Binder characterization and evaluation.”, Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, Washington, DC.
Brink, D. L., Bicho, J. G., and Merriman, M. M. (1966). “Oxidation degradation of wood III.” Chapter 13, Lignin, structure and reactions, Advances in Chemistry, Vol. 59, Univ. of California, Forest Products Laboratory, Richmond, CA, 177–204.
Carbognani, L. (1992). Molecular structure of asphaltene proposed for 510c residue of Venezuelan crude, S.A. Tech. Rep. Venezuelan Institute of Oil Technology.
Chenoweth, K., van Duin, A. C. T., and Goddard, W. A. (2008). “ReaxFF reactive force field for molecular dynamics simulations of hydrocarbon oxidation.” J. Chem. Phys. A, 112(5), 1040–1053.
Corbett, L. W. (1969). “Composition of asphalt based on generic fractionation using solvent deasphalteneing, elution-adsorption chromatography and densiometric characterization.” Anal. Chem., 41(4), 576–579.
Davis, T. C., and Petersen, J. C. (1967). “An inverse GLC study of asphalts used in the Zaca-Wigmore experimental test road.” Proc., Assoc. of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 36, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Lino Lakes, MN, 1–10.
Dizhbite, T., Telysheva, G., Jurkjane, V., and Viesturs, U. (2004). “Characterization of the radical scavenging activity of lignins-natural antioxidants.” Bioresour. Technol., 95(3), 309–317.
Gelius, U., et al. (1970). “Molecular spectroscopy by means of ESCA III: Carbon compounds.” Phys. Scr., 2(1–2), 70–80.
Griffen, R. L., Simpson, W. C., and Miles, T. K. (1959). “Influence of composition of paving asphalts on viscosity, viscosity-temperature susceptibility, and durability.” J. Chem. Eng. Data, 4(4), 349–354.
Hveem, F. N., Zube, E., and Skog, J. (1959). “Progress report on the Zaca-Wigmore experimental asphalt test project.” Special Technical Publication No. 277, American Society for Testing Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, 1–45.
Janssens, G. O. A., Baekelandt, B. G., Toufar, H., Mortier, W. J., and Schoonheydt, R. A. (1995). “Comparison of cluster and infinite crystal calculations on zeolites with the electronegativity equalization method (EEM).” J. Phys. Chem., 99(10), 3251–3258.
Kelemen, S. R., George, G. N., and Gorbaty, M. L. (1990). “Direct determination and quantification of sulfur forms in heavy petroleum and coals: 1. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) approach.” Fuel, 69(8), 939–944.
Keten, S., Chou, C.-C., van Duin, A. C. T., and Buehler, M. J. (2012). “Tunable nanomechanics of protein disulphide bond begets weakening in reducing and stabilization in oxidizing chemical microenvironments.” J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater., 5(1), 32–40.
Kuzina, S. I., et al. (1993). “Study of free-radical centers in lignin with 20 mm band ESR spectroscopy.” J. Polym. Sci., A35(7), 798–802.
Lindberg, B. J., et al. (1970). “Molecular spectroscopy by means of ESCA II: Sulfur compounds. Correlation of electron binding energy with structure.” Phys. Scr., 1(5–6), 286–298.
Lucena, M. C., Soares, S. A., and Soares, J. B. (2004). “Characterization of thermal behavior of polymer-modified asphalt.” Mater. Res., 7(4), 529–534.
McNichol, D. (2005). Paving the way: Asphalt in America, 1st Ed., National Asphalt Pavement Association, Lanham, MD.
Mortier, W. J., Ghosh, S. K., and Shankar, S. (1986). “Electronegativity-equalization method for the calculation of atomic charges in molecules.” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 108(15), 4315–4320.
Nimz, H. (1974). “Beech lignin—proposal of a constitutional scheme.” Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 13(5), 313–321.
Njo, S. L., Fan, J., and van de Graaf, B. (1998). “Extending and simplifying the electronegativity equalization method.” J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 134(1–3), 79–88.
Pan, T. (2011). “Quantum chemistry-based study of iron oxidation at the iron-water interface: An X-ray analysis aided study.” Chem. Phys. Lett., 511(4–6), 315–321.
Pan, T., He, X., and Shi, X. (2008). “Laboratory investigation of acetate-based deicing/anti-icing agents deteriorating airfield asphalt concrete.” J. Assoc. Asphalt Paving Technol., 77, 773–793.
Pan, T., and Lu, Y. (2011). “Quantum-chemistry based studying of rebar passivation in alkaline concrete environment.” Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 6(2011), 4967–4983.
Pan, T., and van Duin, A. C. T. (2011a). “Passivation of steel surface: An atomistic modeling approach aided with X-ray analyses.” Mater. Lett., 65(21–22), 3223–3226.
Pan, T., and van Duin, A. C. T. (2011b). “Steel surface passivation at a typical ambient condition: Atomistic modeling and X-ray diffraction/reflectivity analyses.” Electrocatalysis, 2(4), 307–316.
Pan, T., and Xi, Y. (2011). “Physicochemical nature of iron oxidation in a damp atmospheric condition.” Acta Metall. Sin., 24(6), 415–422.
Parr, R. G., and Yang, W. (1989). Density-functional theory of atoms and molecules, Oxford University Press, New York.
Petersen, J. C. (1984). “Chemical composition of asphalt as related to asphalt durability: State of the art.” Transportation Research Record 999, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 13–30.
Petersen, J. C. (1998a). “A dual sequential mechanism for the oxidation of asphalts.” Pet. Sci. Technol., 16(9–10), 1023–1059.
Petersen, J. C. (1998b). “Asphalt aging: A dual oxidation mechanism and its interrelationships with asphalt composition and oxidative age hardening.” Transportation Research Record 1638, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 47–55.
Petersen, J. C., Branthaver, J. F., Robertson, R. E., Harnsberger, P. M., Duvall, J. J., and Ensley, E. K. (1993). “Effects of physicochemical factors on asphalt oxidation kinetics.” Transportation Research Record 1391, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 1–10.
Petersen, J. C., Plancher, H., and Miyake, G. (1983). “Chemical reactivity and flow properties of asphalts modified by metal complex-induced reaction with atmospheric oxygen.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 32, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Lino Lakes, MN, 32–60.
Plancher, H., Green, E. L., and Petersen, J. C. (1976). “Reduction of oxidative hardening of asphalts by treatment with hydrated lime: A mechanistic study.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologist, Vol. 45, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Lino Lakes, MN, 1–24.
Ruan, Y., Davison, R. R., and Glover, C. J. (2003). “Oxidation and viscosity hardening of polymer-modified asphalts.” Energy & Fuels, 17(4), 991–998.
Ruiz, J. M., Carden, B. M., Lena, L. J., Vincent, E. J., and Escaller, J. C. (1982). “Determination of sulfur in asphalts by selective oxidation and photometric spectroscopy for chemical analysis.” Anal. Chem., 54(4), 688–691.
Shi, X., Akin, M., Pan, T., Fay, L., and Yang, Z. (2009). “Deicer impacts on pavement materials: Introduction and recent developments.” The Open Civil Eng. J., 3(1), 16–27.
Storm, D. A., Edwards, J. C., DeCanio, S. J., and Sheu, E. Y. (1994). “Molecular representations of Ratawi and Alaska north slope asphaltenes based on liquid- and solid-state NMR.” Energy Fuels, 8(3), 561–566.
Tutumluer, E., Pan, T., and Carpenter, S. H. (2005). “Investigation of aggregate shape effects on hot mix performance using an image analysis approach.”, Federal Highway Administration IL Division, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL.
van Duin, A. C. T., Dasgupta, S., Lorant, F., and Goddard, W. A. (2001). “ReaxFF: A reactive force field for hydrocarbons.” J. Phys. Chem. A, 105(41), 9396–9409.
Verlet, L. (1967). “Computer ‘experiments’ on classical fluids: I. Thermodynamical properties of Lennard-Jones molecules.” Phys. Rev., 159(1), 98–103.
White, R. M., Mitten, W. R., and Skog, J. B. (1970). “Fractional components of asphalt: Compatibility and interchangeability of fractions produced from different asphalts.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 39, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Lino Lakes, MN, 492–531.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 25 • Issue 10 • October 2013
Pages: 1477 - 1488
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 3, 2012
Accepted: Sep 11, 2012
Published online: Sep 14, 2012
Discussion open until: Feb 14, 2013
Published in print: Oct 1, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.