Effectiveness of Cement Kiln Dust in Stabilizing Recycled Base Materials
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 24, Issue 8
Abstract
Effectiveness of cement kiln dust (CKD) in improving the stiffness of recycled base course materials was studied using both seismic modulus and bench-scale resilient modulus tests. Recycled materials included road surface gravel (RSG) and recycled pavement material (RPM). The modulus of RPM and RSG specimens mixed with CKD increased 5–30 times compared with untreated materials; however, the improvement was not as high as cement stabilization. Modulus generally increased with curing time with more hydration; however, decrease in the modulus of the RPM mixed with 15% CKD during curing is attributed to swelling potential of the CKD. Lower rate of increase in modulus of CKD mixtures compared with cement mixtures with curing time was attributable to the chemical composition of CKD, i.e., high free lime and sulfate contents. Freeze-thaw durability tests resulted in modulus reduction on the order of 0.5 to 0.8 for CKD mixtures and 0.5 for cement mixtures. Attributable to the combined effects of stiffness gain with continuing hydration and stiffness reduction with freeze-thaw cycles, the final modulus of the recycled materials mixed with CKD is 2 to 5 times higher than that of untreated RPM and RSG materials. This study also showed that modulus change of stabilized granular materials can be estimated from seismic Young’s modulus.
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Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the support of Mr. Xiaodong Wang, Manager of the Geotechnical Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Mr. Felipe F. Camargo. The authors also wish to thank Dr. Kyu-Sun Kim and Mr. Brian Kootstra for their valuable suggestions for the tests procedure.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 24 • Issue 8 • August 2012
Pages: 1059 - 1066
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 5, 2011
Accepted: Dec 28, 2011
Published online: Dec 29, 2011
Published in print: Aug 1, 2012
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