Technical Papers
Aug 19, 2021

Effect of Outlet Configurations on the Removal of Fine Noncohesive Sediment by Vortex Settling Basin at Small River Abstraction Works

Publication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 11

Abstract

The effect of varying vortex settling basin (VSB) outlet configurations on the removal of sediment particles >75  μm was computationally investigated using ANSYS Fluent’s Euler-Lagrange approach, which incorporated supervised optimization and was validated by physical modeling. A rectangular centroidal outlet was established with a low outlet weir and a shaft with the following dimensions: length equal to it 1.28* Inlet diameter, breadth equal to inlet diameter, and height equal to inlet diameter located 180° opposite the inlet. The shaft was designed for partially full conditions. A low weir height with less than the submergence depth is recommended at small river abstraction works (<100  L·s1).

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

Some or all data, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request (i.e., physical model data generated and ANSYS fluent geometry, cases, simulated data, and postprocessing data).

Acknowledgments

The support and resources from the Centre for High-Performance Computing at CSIR, South Africa, are gratefully acknowledged. The research Grant No. WRC_K5-2750 from the Water Research Commission, South Africa are gratefully acknowledged.

References

Alquier, M., D. Delmas, and M. Pellerej. 1982. “Improvement of swirl concentrator.” J. Environ. Eng. Div. 108 (2): 379–390. https://doi.org/10.1061/JEEGAV.0001285.
Andoh, R. Y. G., and A. J. Saul. 2003. “The use of hydrodynamic vortex separators and screening systems to improve water quality.” Water Sci. Technol. 47 (4): 175–183. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0248.
Ansari, M. A., and M. Athar. 2013. “Design parameters of vortex settling basin.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Water Manage. 166 (5): 262–271. https://doi.org/10.1680/wama.11.00098.
ANSYS. 2013. ANSYS fluent theory guide. Cannonsburg, PA: ANSYS.
Athar, M., U. C. Kothyari, and R. J. Garde. 2002. “Studies on vortex chamber type sediment extractor.” ISH J. Hydraul. Eng. 8 (2): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/09715010.2002.10514711.
Bernardo, S., M. Mori, A. P. Peres, and R. P. Dionísio. 2006. “3D computational fluid dynamics for gas and gas-particle flows in a cyclone with different inlet section angles.” Powder Technol. 162 (3): 190–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2005.11.007.
Brekke, H., Y. L. Wu, and B. Y. Cai. 2003. “Design of hydraulic machinery working in sand laden water.” In Abrasive erosion and corrosion of hydraulic machinery, edited by C. G. Duan and V. Y. Karelin, 155–233. London: Imperial College Press. https://doi.org/10.1142/9781848160026_0004.
Brink, C. J., G. R. Basson, and F. Denys. 2006. Sediment control at river abstraction works in South Africa. Pretoria, South Africa: WRC.
Chrysostomou, V. 1983. “Vortex-type settling basin.” Master’s thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Southampton.
Chu, K. W., B. Wang, D. L. Xu, Y. X. Chen, and A. B. Yu. 2011. “CFD–DEM simulation of the gas-solid flow in a cyclone separator.” Chem. Eng. Sci. 66 (5): 834–847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2010.11.026.
Hoekstra, A. J., J. J. Derksen, and H. E. A. Van Den Akker. 1999. “An experimental and numerical study of turbulent swirling flow in gas cyclones.” Chem. Eng. Sci. 54 (13–14): 2055–2065. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(98)00373-X.
Hoffmann, A. C., and L. E. Stein. 2007. Gas cyclones and swirl tubes. Berlin: Springer.
Hydraulic Institute. 2012. Rotodynamic pumps for pump intake design. Parsippany, NJ: Hydraulic Institute.
Jan, C. D., Y. C. Hsu, C. H. Lin, and Y. C. Zeng. 2011. “Experimental study on the effect of deflectors on sediment removal efficiency of a deep-depth vortex chamber type sediment extractor.” [In Chinese.] J. Taiwan Agric. Eng. 57 (4): 84–96.
Jan, C. D., Y. C. Hsu, C. H. Lin, and Y. C. Zeng. 2016. “Effect of cylinder heights of a deep-depth vortex chamber type sediment extractor on sediment removal efficiency: Experiments.” J. Taiwan Agric. Eng. 62 (2): 64–79.
Kindsvater, C. E., and R. W. Carter. 1959. “Discharge characteristics of rectangular thin-plate weirs.” Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng. 124 (1): 772–801. https://doi.org/10.1061/TACEAT.0007696.
Knauss, J. 1987. “Swirling flow problems at intakes.” In Vol. 1 of Hydraulic structures design manual: Hydraulic design considerations. Rotterdam, Netherlands: A.A. Balkema.
Luyckx, G., and J. Berlamont. 2004. “Removal efficiency of swirl/vortex separators.” Urban Water J. 1 (3): 251–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/15730620410001731991.
Mashauri, D. A. 1986. “Modelling of vortex settling chamber for primary clarification of water.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Tampere.
Ogihara, K., and S. Sakaguchi. 1984. “New systems to separate the sediments from the water flow by using the rotating flow.” In Proc., 4th Congress Asian and Pacific Divison, 753–766. Chiangmai, Thailand: IAHR.
Paul, T. C. 1988. Designing circulation chamber sediment extractor. Wallingford, UK: Hydraulics Research.
Paul, T. C., S. K. Sayal, V. S. Sakhuja, and G. S. Dhillon. 1991. “Vortex settling basin design considerations.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 117 (2): 172–189. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1991)117:2(172).
Salakhov, F. S. 1975. “Rotational design and methods of hydraulic calcu lation of load-controlling water intake structures for mountain rivers.” In Proc., 9th Congress of the ICID, 151–161. Moscow: International Congress of Irrigation and Drainage.
Singh, G., and A. Kumar. 2016. “Performance evaluation of desilting basins of small hydropower projects.” ISH J. Hydraul. Eng. 22 (2): 135–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/09715010.2015.1094750.
Slack, M. D., R. O. Prasad, A. Bakker, and F. Boysan. 2000. “Advances in cyclone modelling using unstructured grids.” Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 78 (8): 1098–1104. https://doi.org/10.1205/026387600528373.
Sommerfeld, M., and C. A. Ho. 2003. “Numerical calculation of particle transport in turbulent wall bounded flows.” Powder Technol. 131 (1): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(02)00293-0.
Sullivan, R. H. 1972. The swirl concentrator as a combined sewer overflow regulator facility. Washington, DC: USEPA Office of Research and Monitoring.
Sullivan, R. H., M. M. Cohn, J. E. Ure, F. E. Parkinson, G. Galiana, R. R. Boercike, C. Koch, and P. E. Zielinski. 1978. The swirl primary separator: Development and pilot demonstration. Cincinnati: USEPA.
Sullivan, R. H., and F. Parkinson. 1974. Relationship between diameter and height for the design of a swirl concentrator as a combined sewer overflow regulator. Cincinnati: USEPA.
Svarovsky, L. 1984. Hydrocyclones. London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Tchobanoglous, G., F. L. Burton, and H. D. Stensel. 2002. Wastewater engineering: Treatment and reuse. 4th ed. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw-Hill.
USBR (US Bureau of Reclamation). 1987. Design of small dams. Washington, DC: US Dept. of the Interior.
Veerapen, J. P., B. J. Lowry, and M. F. Couturier. 2005. “Design methodology for the swirl separator.” Aquacult. Eng. 33 (1): 21–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2004.11.001.
WRC (Water Research Commission). 2019. Design of sustainable river abstractions/diversion works for potable water use and irrigation in South Africa. Pretoria, South Africa: WRC.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 147Issue 11November 2021

History

Received: Feb 15, 2021
Accepted: Jun 29, 2021
Published online: Aug 19, 2021
Published in print: Nov 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Jan 19, 2022

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Research Engineer, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Stellenbosch Univ., Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-9295. Email: [email protected]
Gerrit Basson
Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Stellenbosch Univ., Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share