Abstract
Determining dimensions of a dam diversion system has always been a challenge for designers because of uncertainties regarding flood characteristics and acceptable risk to the diversion system. This study presents a numerical model to determine optimal features of a diversion system. The optimization model uses a genetic algorithm to determine optimal dimensions of a water diversion system based on the construction costs, failure costs, and acceptable risk to the diversion system by considering hydraulic uncertainties and flood risk analysis. The objective function of the optimization model aims to minimize construction costs and expected value of damages caused by floods with varying return periods. Karun-IV Dam located in southwest Iran is considered as a case study. The results show that the expected annual average cost of the diversion system (capital cost + expected damage) is lower than the consultant’s estimated figure. In this study, a spillway is added to handle the maximum observed flood in order to match the consultant’s reliability with the model’s reliability. The results indicate that even with the added spillway, the optimal system is more effective than the premier plan suggested by the project consultant. Therefore, investigating flood risk and its uncertainty could provide a better framework for the design and cost for the configuration of diversion systems in dams.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Afshar, A., Rasekh, A., and Afshar, M. H. (2009). “Risk-based optimization of large flood-diversion systems using genetic algorithms.” J. Eng. Optim., 41(3), 259–273.
Azamathulla, H. M., Wu, F., Ghani, A. A., Narulkar, S. M, Zakaria, N. A., and Chang, C. K. (2008). “Comparison between genetic algorithm and linear programming approach for real time operation.” J. Hydro-Environment Res., 2(3), 172–181.
Beard, L. R. (1997). “Estimating flood frequency and average annual damage.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 84–88.
Chow, V. T. (1959). Open channel hydraulics, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Gen, M. R., and Cheng, L. (2000). Genetic algorithms and engineering optimization, Wiley, Chichester, U.K.
Henderson, F. M. (1966). Open channel flow, MacMillan, New York.
Holland, J. H. (1975). Adaptation in natural and artificial systems, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI.
Iran Ministry of Energy. (2008). “Karun IV dam and power planet report.”, Tehran, Iran.
Karamouz, M., Doroudi, S., Ahmadi, A., and Moridi, A. (2009). “Optimal design of water diversion system: A case study.” Proc., World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, ASCE, Reston, VA, 3390–3399.
Karamouz, M., Doroudi, S., and Moridi, A. (2016). “An optimal design for dimensions of water diversion system in dams using and analyzing hydraulic uncertainties and hydrologic risk.” J. Hydraul., 11(1), 21–34 (in Persian).
Kou, J. T., Yen, B. C., Hsu, Y. C, and Lin, H. F. (2007). “Risk analysis for dam overtopping—Feitsui Reservoir as a case study.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 955–963.
Lund, J. R. (2002). “Floodplain planning with risk-based optimization.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 202–207.
Mays, L. W. (2005). Water resource engineering, Wiley, New York.
Mtolera, I., Haibin, L., Ye, L., Bao-Feng, S., Xue, D., and Yi, M. (2014). “Optimization of tree pipe networks layout and size, using particle swarm optimization.” J. WSEAS Trans. Comput., 13, 219–230.
Pate-Cornell, M. E., and Tagaras, G. (1986). “Risk costs for new dams: Economic analysis and effects of monitoring.” Water Resour. Res., 22(1), 5–14.
Peterson, S. J. (2005). Construction accounting and financial management, Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
Plate, E. J. (2002). “Flood risk and flood management.” J. Hydrol., 267(1–2), 2–11.
Rasekh, A., Afshar, A., and Afshar, M. H. (2010). “Risk-cost optimization of hydraulic structures: Methodology and case study.” J. Water Resour. Manage., 24(11), 2833–2851.
Saiedi, S. (2007). “Optimum diameter of diversion tunnels in dam construction.” J. Damage Eng., 18(1), 51–62.
Takbiri, Z., and Afshar, A. (2012). “Multi-objective optimization of fusegates system under hydrologic uncertainties.” J. Water Resour. Manage., 26(8), 2323–2345.
Tung, Y. K., Yen, B. C., and Melching, C. S. (2006). Hydrosystems engineering reliability assessments and risk analysis, McGraw-Hill, New York.
USACE (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). (1996). “Risk-based analysis for flood damage reduction studies.”, Washington, DC.
USBR (U.S. Bureau of Reclamation). (1987). Design of small dams, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Washington, DC.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 2 • February 2018
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 5, 2016
Accepted: Aug 29, 2017
Published online: Dec 15, 2017
Published in print: Feb 1, 2018
Discussion open until: May 15, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.