Discharge Characteristics of Weirs of Finite Crest Length with Upstream and Downstream Ramps
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper considers flow measurement in open channels with transverse weirs of finite crest length with sloping crests and upstream or downstream ramps—or both—for free flows. Using the broad-crested weir equation with a discharge coefficient as the basis and following the earlier studies of broad-crested weirs, robust correlations have been developed for the discharge coefficient by using the experimental results available in the literature. Effects of upstream and downstream ramps were studied by introducing the upstream and the downstream length scales, respectively. The proposed correlations of embankment weirs were compared with the head-discharge formulations of embankment weirs in the literature. Triangular (hump) weirs with either upstream or downstream ramps (or both) have also been considered. It was found that in triangular (hump) weirs, the discharge coefficient increases when the downstream slope increases, but it decreases when the upstream slope increases.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Abou-Seida, M. M., and Quraishi, A. A. (1976). “A flow equation for submerged rectangular weirs.” ICE Proc., 61(4), 685–696.
Azimi, A. H., and Rajaratnam, N. (2009). “Discharge characteristics of weirs of finite crest length.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 135(12), 1081–1085.
Clemmens, A. J., Replogle, J. A., and Bos, M. G. (1984). “Rectangular measuring flumes for lined and earthen channels.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 110(2), 121–137.
Crump, E. S. (1952). “A new method of gauging stream flow with little afflux by means of a submerged weir of triangular profile.” ICE Proc., 1(2), 223–242.
Farhoudi, J., and Shah Alami, H. (2005). “Slope effect on discharge efficiency in rectangular broad-crested weir with sloped upstream face.” Int. J. Civ. Eng., 3(1), 58–65.
Fritz, H. M., and Hager, W. H. (1998). “Hydraulics of embankment weirs.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 124(9), 963–971.
Hager, W. H., and Schwalt, M. (1994). “Broad-crested weir.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 120(1), 13–26.
Horton, R. E. (1907). “Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas.” Proc., U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
Kindsvater, C. E. (1964). “Discharge characteristics of embankment-shaped weirs.” Proc., U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1617-A, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
Noori, B. M. A., and Juma, I. A. K. (2009). “Performance improvement of broad-crested weirs.” Al-Rafidain Eng., 17(2), 94–106.
Sargison, J. E., and Percy, A. (2009). “Hydraulics of broad-crested weirs with varying side slopes.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 135(1), 115–118.
Woodburn, J. G. (1932). “Tests on broad-crested weirs.” Trans. ASCE, 96, 387–408.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 139 • Issue 1 • January 2013
Pages: 75 - 83
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 13, 2011
Accepted: Jun 25, 2012
Published online: Dec 16, 2012
Published in print: Jan 1, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.