Approach for Capacitive Deionizing the RO Reject via Developed Carbon-Coated Nickel Foam-Based Electrode
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 26, Issue 2
Abstract
Reverse osmosis (RO) has been an extensively implemented membrane technology for both domestic and industrial use. This wide implementation has been possible due to the availability of potable drinking water with high quality, but the RO concentrate volume associated with this technology has a significant limitation. As an alternative, a desalting technique, called capacitive deionization (CDI), was explored for purifying/treating salt contaminated water. In the present article, biomass-derived active material was coated on nickel foam, which resulted in efficient electrodes for ion sorption. The developed electrode was characterized with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which revealed a specific capacitance of 49.72 F/g and a resistance of 2.15 Ω. Moreover, its implications were explored for deionizing a concentrated stream of 500–1,500 ppm total dissolved solids (TDSs) in batch mode via the potential application of 1.2 V. An electrosorption capacity of 22.98 mg/g was obtained with salt adsorption rates of 0.51 mg · g−1 · min−1. The application of fabricated biochar-coated nickel foam electrodes was explored by treating the collected samples from domestic and commercial RO units located in Malviya Nagar, Jaipur, India, and it was found that treated water characteristics were well within the prescribed standards.
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Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the funding by the Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India, for carrying out this work and are grateful to the Materials Research Centre (MRC), Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India, for providing the necessary facilities for material characterization and other analyses.
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Published In
Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 26 • Issue 2 • April 2022
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 12, 2021
Accepted: Oct 20, 2021
Published online: Dec 1, 2021
Published in print: Apr 1, 2022
Discussion open until: May 1, 2022
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