Efficacy Assessment of Silty–Sandy Soil as Bed Material in Constructed Wetland to Treat Naphthalene-Laden Wastewater: Physical and Numerical Modeling
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 26, Issue 2
Abstract
Naphthalene is a common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is widely present in aquatic environments and has colossal negative health effects on living beings. Thus, the removal of naphthalene from wastewater using sustainable, low-cost geomaterials and novel technologies is of prime importance. In this study, the efficacy of a locally available silty–sandy soil in attenuating aqueous naphthalene was assessed using a laboratory-scale constructed wetland. The hydraulic conductivity of the soil was found to be 1.66 × 10−5 cm/s. Batch adsorption data showed that the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models were the best fitting isotherm and kinetics models, with coefficient of determination values of 0.98 and 0.99, respectively. A one-dimensional vertical-column study using the tested soil on naphthalene showed that the exhaustion time of a 40-mm-deep soil bed was about 1.6 days. A laboratory-scale rectangular-tank test conducted using that soil, with the same test numerically modeled using HYDRUS solute-transport software, revealed that 90% of the initial concentration of naphthalene would reach the outlet in 102 days. The wetland constructed using the selected soil indicated a reduction in the naphthalene concentration of up to 92.8%, which corroborated the results from the CW2D HYDRUS module.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Department of Civil Engineering at the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Durgapur in West Bengal, India, for providing the support and assistance essential to carrying out this study. The authors would also like to express their gratitude to Professor, Anupam Basu, Director, NIT, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, for his unwavering support throughout the research.
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Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 26 • Issue 2 • April 2022
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jul 31, 2021
Accepted: Oct 11, 2021
Published online: Dec 17, 2021
Published in print: Apr 1, 2022
Discussion open until: May 17, 2022
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