Fixed Bed Reactor for Removal of Methylene Blue Dye Using Heterogeneous Fenton Catalyst
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 24, Issue 4
Abstract
In this work, the modified catalysts of different loadings of iron (2.5, 5, 10, and 15 wt%) on activated carbon were prepared by an incipient wet impregnation method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for suitability to wastewater treatment. For analyzing the performance of catalyst, methylene blue dye was used as a model pollutant with an initial concentration of 100 mg/L and its removal was carried out with an up-flow fixed bed reactor made of Borosil glass of volume 10.25 mL. The catalyst bed height was maintained as 2 cm. The effect of different experimental parameters such as iron loading, solution pH, initial H2O2 concentration, and temperature on percentage removal of dye was also investigated. The maximum performance was obtained with 10 wt% of Fe/AC catalyst at pH 3.5, concentration of 0.1633 M H2O2, and at a temperature of 30°C. At these optimal conditions, 70% dye removal was obtained.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Adam, F., J. Andas, and I. A. Rahman. 2010. “A study on the oxidation of phenol by heterogeneous iron silica catalyst.” Chem. Eng. J. 165 (2): 658–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2010.09.054.
Bigda, R. J. 1995. “Consider Fenton’s chemistry for wastewater treatment.” Chem. Eng. Prog. 91 (12): 62–66.
Burbano, A. A., D. D. Dionysiou, and M. T. Suidan. 2008. “Effect of oxidant-to-substrate ratios on the degradation of MTBE with Fenton reagent.” Water Res. 42 (12): 3225–3239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.04.004.
El-Gamal, S. M. A., M. S. Amin, and M. A. Ahmed. 2015. “Removal of methyl orange and bromophenol blue dyes from aqueous solution using Sorel’s cement nanoparticles.” J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 3 (3): 1702–1712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2015.06.022.
El-Moselhy, M. M. 2009. “Photo-degradation of acid red 44 using Al and Fe modified silicates.” J. Hazard. Mater. 169 (1–3): 498–508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.120.
Fenton, H. J. H. 1894. “Oxidation of tartaric acid in the presence of iron.” J. Chem. Soc. Trans. 65: 899–910. https://doi.org/10.1039/CT8946500899.
Freeman, H. M. 1989. Standard handbook of hazardous waste treatment and disposal. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Gaddam, K., and H. M. Cheung. 2001. “Effects of pressure, temperature, and pH on the sonochemical destruction of 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane in dilute aqueous solution.” Ultrason. Sonochem. 8 (2): 103–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1350-4177(00)00032-8.
Gan, P. P., and S. F. Y. Li. 2013. “Efficient removal of Rhodamine B using a rice hull-based silica supported iron catalyst by Fenton-like process.” Chem. Eng. J. 229: 351–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.06.020.
Ghime, D., and P. Ghosh. 2017. “Heterogeneous Fenton degradation of oxalic acid by using silica supported iron catalysts prepared from raw rice husk.” J. Water Process Eng. 19: 156–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2017.07.025.
Glaze, W. H., J. W. Kang, and D. H. Chapin. 1987. “The chemistry of water treatment processes involving ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and ultraviolet radiation.” Ozone Sci. Eng. 9 (4): 335–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919518708552148.
Han, Z., Y. Dong, and S. Dong. 2011. “Copper–iron bimetal modified PAN fiber complexes as novel heterogeneous fenton catalysts for degradation of organic dye under visible light irradiation.” J. Hazard. Mater. 189 (1–2): 241–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.02.026.
Hashem, F. S., and M. S. Amin. 2016. “Adsorption of methylene blue by activated carbon derived from various fruit peels.” Desalin. Water Treat. 57 (47): 22573–22584. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1132476.
Hassan, H., and B. H. Hameed. 2011. “Fenton-like oxidation of acid red 1 solutions using heterogeneous catalyst based on ball clay.” Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev. 2 (3): 218–222. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJESD.2011.V2.127.
Ince, N. H., and G. Tezcanli-Güyer. 2004. “Impacts of pH and molecular structure on ultrasonic degradation of azo dyes.” Ultrasonics 42 (1–9): 591–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2004.01.097.
Krishnakumar, B., and M. Swaminathan. 2011. “Influence of operational parameters on photocatalytic degradation of a genotoxic azo dye acid violet 7 in aqueous ZnO suspensions.” Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 81 (1): 739–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2011.07.019.
Kumar, V., and P. Ghosh. 2019. “Performance evaluation of modified black clay as a heterogeneous fenton catalyst on decolorization of Azure B Dye: Kinetic study and cost evaluation.” Trans. Tianjin Univ. 25: 527–539. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-019-00195-x.
Maldonado-Hódar, F. J., M. A. Ferro-Garcıa, J. Rivera-Utrilla, and C. Moreno-Castilla. 1999. “Synthesis and textural characteristics of organic aerogels, transition-metal-containing organic aerogels and their carbonized derivatives.” Carbon 37 (8): 1199–1205. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(98)00314-5.
Martínez, F., M. I. Pariente, J. A. Melero, J. A. Botas, and E. Gómez. 2007. “Catalytic wet peroxidation of phenol in a fixed bed reactor.” Water Sci. Technol. 55 (12): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.389.
Melero, J. A., F. Martínez, J. A. Botas, R. Molina, and M. I. Pariente. 2009. “Heterogeneous catalytic wet peroxide oxidation systems for the treatment of an industrial pharmaceutical wastewater.” Water Res. 43 (16): 4010–4018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.012.
Mesquita, I., L. C. Matos, F. Duarte, F. J. Maldonado-Hódar, A. Mendes, and L. M. Madeira. 2012. “Treatment of azo dye-containing wastewater by a Fenton-like process in a continuous packed-bed reactor filled with activated carbon.” J. Hazard. Mater. 237–238: 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.07.066.
Moreno-Castilla, C., M. V. Lopez-Ramon, and F. Carrasco-Marın. 2000. “Changes in surface chemistry of activated carbons by wet oxidation.” Carbon 38 (14): 1995–2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(00)00048-8.
Namduri, H., and S. Nasrazadani. 2008. “Quantitative analysis of iron oxides using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry.” Corros. Sci. 50 (9): 2493–2497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2008.06.034.
Natarajan, S., H. C. Bajaj, and R. J. Tayade. 2018. “Recent advances based on the synergetic effect of adsorption for removal of dyes from waste water using photocatalytic process.” J. Environ. Sci. 65: 201–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.03.011.
Pariente, M. I., J. A. Melero, F. Martínez, J. A. Botas, and A. I. Gallego. 2010. “Catalytic wet hydrogen peroxide oxidation of a petrochemical wastewater.” Water Sci. Technol. 61 (7): 1829–1836. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.875.
Park, S. J., and W. Y. Jung. 2002. “Preparation and structural characterization of activated carbons based on polymeric resin.” J. Colloid Interface Sci. 250 (1): 196–200. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcis.2002.8337.
Ramirez, J. H., F. J. Maldonado-Hódar, A. F. Pérez-Cadenas, C. Moreno-Castilla, C. A. Costa, and L. M. Madeira. 2007. “Azo-dye orange II degradation by heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction using carbon-Fe catalysts.” Appl. Catal., B 75 (3–4): 312–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2007.05.003.
Safardoust-Hojaghan, H., and M. Salavati-Niasari. 2017. “Degradation of methylene blue as a pollutant with N-doped graphene quantum dot/titanium dioxide nanocomposite.” J. Cleaner Prod. 148: 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.169.
Salem, I. A., and M. S. El-Maazawi. 2000. “Kinetics and mechanism of color removal of methylene blue with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by some supported alumina surfaces.” Chemosphere 41 (8): 1173–1180. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00009-6.
Vu, A. T., T. N. Xuan, and C. H. Lee. 2019. “Preparation of mesoporous Fe2O3·SiO2 composite from rice husk as an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for degradation of organic dyes.” J. Water Process Eng. 28: 169–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.01.019.
Walling, C. 1975. “Fenton’s reagent revisited.” Acc. Chem. Res. 8 (4): 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50088a003.
Wang, B. H., Q. Zhang, J. M. Hong, and L. Li. 2018. “Highly effective iron–carbon–bentonite–alginate beads (Fe°/C-BABs) as catalyst to treat benzalkonium chloride in fixed-bed column systems.” Process Safety Environ. Prot. 119: 75–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2018.07.018.
Wang, L., Y. Yao, Z. Zhang, L. Sun, W. Lu, W. Chen, and H. Chen. 2014. “Activated carbon fibers as an excellent partner of Fenton catalyst for dyes decolorization by combination of adsorption and oxidation.” Chem. Eng. J. 251: 348–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.04.088.
Wang, N., T. Zheng, G. Zhang, and P. Wang. 2016. “A review on fenton-like processes for organic wastewater treatment.” J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 4 (1): 762–787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2015.12.016.
Xavier, S., R. Gandhimathi, P. V. Nidheesh, and S. T. Ramesh. 2015. “Comparison of homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton processes for the removal of reactive dye Magenta MB from aqueous solution.” Desalin. Water Treat. 53 (1): 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.844083.
Xu, X., W. Chen, S. Zong, X. Ren, and D. Liu. 2019. “Magnetic clay as catalyst applied to organics degradation in a combined adsorption and Fenton-like process.” Chem. Eng. J. 373: 140–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.05.030.
Yavuz, Y., A. S. Koparal, A. Artık, and U. B. Öğütveren. 2009. “Degradation of C.I. basic Red 29 solution by combined ultrasound and Co2+–H2O2 system.” Desalination 249 (2): 828–831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.10.036.
Zolfaghari, P., M. Aghbolaghy, A. Karimi, and A. Khataee. 2019. “Continuous degradation of an organic pollutant using heterogeneous magnetic biocatalyst and CFD analysis of the process.” Process Safety Environ. Prot. 121: 338–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2018.11.004.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 24 • Issue 4 • October 2020
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 4, 2019
Accepted: Mar 9, 2020
Published online: Jun 9, 2020
Published in print: Oct 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Nov 9, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.