Effect of Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry Sampling Frequency on Statistical Measurements of Turbulent Axisymmetric Jets
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 7
Abstract
Acoustic Doppler velocimeters (ADVs) are used extensively in various field and laboratory studies of hydraulic engineering. However, their accuracy in predicting statistics of turbulence quantities has been questioned. Two fundamental limitations of this type of velocimeter are Doppler noise and the damping of fluctuations due to the temporal averaging performed by the instrument. An important factor that may affect both error sources is the sampling frequency of the ADV. An experimental investigation of the effect of the ADV sampling frequency on the measurement of both the mean and the high-order statistics of the flow in a turbulent jet was conducted. The experiments were carried out in the self-similar zone of an axisymmetric nonbuoyant jet at a Reynolds number of 10,000 released into quiescent water. Measurements of the mean and RMS velocities, spectra, and Reynolds shear stresses at different sampling frequencies are presented. Results were compared with those of other measurement techniques and interpreted using a novel analytical model quantifying the noise and the damping effect on the basis of their nonvanishing statistical correlation in the postaveraging domain, as well as the ratio of the flow’s integral timescale to the sampling interval. The damping effect at high sampling frequencies was eliminated using a hypothesis of proportionality of a relative change in the correlation coefficient to a change in the noise variance, provided that the integral timescale is adequately larger than the sampling interval. The proposed precision-enhancement technique (referred to herein as denoising and reverse-damping transformation) was shown to improve the accuracy of velocity variances. The results and model offer an opportunity to improve the precision of ADV measurements in turbulent flows.
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Data Availability Statement
All data and code used during the study for the purpose of correction technique are available from the corresponding author by request.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial support from Iran National Science Foundation (INSF). They are also grateful to Professor A. Tahershamsi of Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), who permitted using the flume for the sake of present experiments. Last but not least, the useful comments received from the anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 146 • Issue 7 • July 2020
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 25, 2019
Accepted: Jan 2, 2020
Published online: Apr 30, 2020
Published in print: Jul 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Sep 30, 2020
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