Temporal Evolution of Clear-Water Scour Depth at Submerged Weirs
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 3
Abstract
Equilibrium clear-water scour depths predicted by existing equations based on the peak flow rate of a flood hydrograph can be overly conservative for submerged weirs in mild-slope sandy rivers, because the equilibrium timescale normally is much larger than the timescale of a flood event. Therefore it is important to understand the clear-water scour development at submerged weirs in order to improve the accuracy of scour estimation. This paper presents new data on the temporal evolution of the downstream clear-water scour depth at a submerged weir under steady flow conditions and analyzed the impacts of flow intensity, weir height, sand coarseness parameter, and weir slope on the development of the downstream clear-water scour depth. This study defined a dimensionless equilibrium time scale and evaluated its dependencies on the aforementioned parameters. Predictors for and the temporal downstream clear-water scour depth at submerged weirs are proposed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request (MTA data, MTA data process code, and webcam videos).
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the valuable suggestions from Graham Macky and the constructive comments from editors and reviewers. The first author thanks the China Scholarship Council for financial support of this research. This research was supported by the Young Scientist Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51709082).
References
Ben Meftah, M., and M. Mossa. 2006. “Scour holes downstream of bed sills in low-gradient channels.” J. Hydraul. Res. 44 (4): 497–509. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2006.9521701.
Bormann, N. E., and P. Y. Julien. 1991. “Scour downstream of grade-control structures.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 117 (5): 579–594. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1991)117:5(579).
Breusers, H., and A. J. Raudkivi. 1991. Scouring. Rotterdam, Netherlands: A.A. Balkema.
Coleman, S. E., C. S. Lauchlan, and B. W. Melville. 2003. “Clear-water scour development at bridge abutments.” J. Hydraul. Res. 41 (5): 521–531. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221680309499997.
D’Agostino, V., and V. Ferro. 2004. “Scour on alluvial bed downstream of grade-control structures.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 130 (1): 24–37. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:1(24).
Gaudio, R., and A. Marion. 2003. “Time evolution of scouring downstream of bed sills.” J. Hydraul. Res. 41 (3): 271–284. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221680309499972.
Gaudio, R., A. Marion, and V. Bovolin. 2000. “Morphological effects of bed sills in degrading rivers.” J. Hydraul. Res. 38 (2): 89–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221680009498344.
Guan, D., B. W. Melville, and H. Friedrich. 2014. “Flow patterns and turbulence structures in a scour hole downstream of a submerged weir.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 140 (1): 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000803.
Guan, D., B. W. Melville, and H. Friedrich. 2015. “Live-bed scour at submerged weirs.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 141 (2): 04014071. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000954.
Guan, D., B. W. Melville, and H. Friedrich. 2016. “Local scour at submerged weirs in sand-bed channels.” J. Hydraul. Res. 54 (2): 172–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2015.1132275.
Hoffmans, G. J., and H. J. Verheij. 1997. Scour manual. Rotterdam, Netherlands: CRC Press.
Lenzi, M. A., A. Marion, and F. Comiti. 2003a. “Interference processes on scouring at bed sills.” Earth Surf. Processes Landforms 28 (1): 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.433.
Lenzi, M. A., A. Marion, and F. Comiti. 2003b. “Local scouring at grade-control structures in alluvial mountain rivers.” Water Resour. Res. 39 (7): 1176. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001815.
Lenzi, M. A., A. Marion, F. Comiti, and R. Gaudio. 2002. “Local scouring in low and high gradient streams at bed sills.” J. Hydraul. Res. 40 (6): 731–739. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221680209499919.
Lu, J.-Y., J.-H. Hong, K.-P. Chang, and T.-F. Lu. 2012. “Evolution of scouring process downstream of grade-control structures under steady and unsteady flows.” Hydrol. Processes 27 (19): 2699–2709. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9318.
Marion, A., M. A. Lenzi, and F. Comiti. 2004. “Effect of sill spacing and sediment size grading on scouring at grade-control structures.” Earth Surf. Processes Landforms 29 (8): 983–993. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1081.
Marion, A., M. Tregnaghi, and S. Tait. 2006. “Sediment supply and local scouring at bed sills in high-gradient streams.” Water Resour. Res. 42 (6): W06416. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004124.
Melville, B., and Y.-M. Chiew. 1999. “Time scale for local scour at bridge piers.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 125 (1): 59–65. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1999)125:1(59).
Melville, B. W. 1997. “Pier and abutment scour: Integrated approach.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 123 (2): 125–136. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:2(125).
Melville, B. W., and S. E. Coleman. 2000. Bridge scour. Highlands Ranch, CO: Water Resources Publication.
Pagliara, S., and S. M. Kurdistani. 2013. “Scour downstream of cross-vane structures.” J. Hydro-environ. Res. 7 (4): 236–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jher.2013.02.002.
Scurlock, S. M., C. I. Thornton, and S. R. Abt. 2012. “Equilibrium scour downstream of three-dimensional grade-control structures.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 138 (2): 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000493.
Tregnaghi, M., A. Marion, A. Bottacin-Busolin, and S. J. Tait. 2011. “Modelling time varying scouring at bed sills.” Earth Surf. Processes Landforms 36 (13): 1761–1769. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.2198.
Tregnaghi, M., A. Marion, and S. Coleman. 2009. “Scouring at bed sills as a response to flash floods.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 135 (6): 466–475. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000033.
Tregnaghi, M., A. Marion, S. Coleman, and S. Tait. 2010. “Effect of flood recession on scouring at bed sills.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 136 (4): 204–213. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000164.
Tregnaghi, M., A. Marion, and R. Gaudio. 2007. “Affinity and similarity of local scour holes at bed sills.” Water Resour. Res. 43 (11): W11417. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005559.
Wang, L. 2018. “Local scour at submerged weirs.” Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Auckland.
Wang, L. 2019. “Data of temporal evolution of clear-water scour depth at submerged weirs.” Accessed June 26, 2019. https://drive.google.com/open?id=1g1LuCK8zhjmZpga1BxMtrXMg33Z7yOxZ.
Wang, L., B. W. Melville, and D. Guan. 2018a. “Effects of upstream weir slope on local scour at submerged weirs.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 144 (3): 04018002. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001431.
Wang, L., B. W. Melville, D. Guan, and C. N. Whittaker. 2018b. “Local scour at downstream sloped submerged weirs.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 144 (8): 04018044. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001492.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 28, 2018
Accepted: Aug 27, 2019
Published online: Jan 10, 2020
Published in print: Mar 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Jun 10, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.