Innovative Closure Law for Pump-Turbines and Field Test Verification
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 141, Issue 3
Abstract
Based on numerical simulation of hydraulic transients in a pump storage power station (PSP), different closure laws are investigated for use when a high-head pump-turbine load rejection occurs. According to the characteristics of the pump-turbine and main inlet valve (MIV), a novel closure law, combining closure of wicket gates (WG) and MIV, is presented. The proposed closure law can reduce the effects of S-shaped characteristics of a pump-turbine, and the maximum pressure in the spiral case, the maximum rotating speed of the runner, and the minimum pressure in the draft tube during the transient process can be mitigated. A simultaneous load rejection test on a double unit is conducted, and the numerical predictions agree well with the field test data.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51379064 and 51409087), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20130839).
References
Adamkowski, A. (2001). “Case study: Lapino powerplant penstock failure.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 547–555.
Afshar, M. H., Rohani, M., and Taheri, R. (2010). “Simulation of transient flow in pipeline systems due to load rejection and load acceptance by hydroelectric power plants.” Int. J. Mech. Sci., 52(1), 103–115.
Bergant, A., Simpson, A. R., and Tijsseling, A. S. (2006). “Water hammer with column separation: A historical review.” J. Fluid. Struct., 22(2), 135–171.
Bergant, A., Tusseling, A. S., Vitkovsky, J. P., Covas, D. I. C., Simpson, A. R., and Lambert, M. F. (2008). “Parameters affecting water-hammer wave attenuation, shape and timing. Part 1: Mathematical tools.” J. Hydraul. Res., 46(3), 373–381.
Chaudhry, M. H. (1979). Applied hydraulic transients, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Karney, B. W., and Ghidaoui, M. S. (1997). “Flexible discretization algorithm for fixed-grid MOC in pipelines.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 1004–1011.
Kolsek, T., Duhovnik, J., and Bergant, A. (2006). “Simulation of unsteady flow and runner rotation during shut-down of an axial water turbine.” J. Hydraul. Res., 44(1), 129–137.
Liu, D. Y., Sun, H. P., You, G. H., and Kong, L. H. (2007). “Transient process analysis model for reversible turbine units with MGV device.” J. Hohai Univ. (Natural Sciences), 35(4), 448–451.
Martin, C. S. (1986). “Stability of pump/turbine during transient operation.” 5th BHRA Int. Conf. on Pressure Surges, British Hydromechanics Research Association (BHRA), Hanover, West Germany.
Ni, F. S., Hu, P. C., and Wang, Q. H. (1996). “Numerical simulation of hydraulic transients in hydropower plant using safety membranes.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 298–300.
Pejovic, S., Zhang, Q. F., Karney, B., and Gajic, A. (2011). “Analysis of pump-turbine “S” instability and reverse water hammer incidents in hydropower systems.” 4th Int. Meeting on Cavitation and Dynamic Problems in Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research, Belgrade, Serbia.
Ramos, H., and Almeida, A. B. (2001). “Dynamic orifice model on waterhammer analysis of high or medium heads of small hydropower schemes.” J. Hydraul. Res., 39(4), 429–436.
Riasi, A., Nourbakhsh, A., and Raisee, M. (2010). “Numerical modeling for hydraulic resonance in hydropower systems using impulse response.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 929–934.
Selek, B., Kirkgoz, M., and Selek, Z. (2004). “Comparison of computed water hammer pressures with test results for the Catalan power plant in Turkey.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 31(1), 78–85.
Souza, O. H., Barbieri, N., and Santos, A. H. M. (1999). “Study of hydraulic transients in hydropower plants through simulation of nonlinear model of penstock and hydraulic turbine model.” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 14(4), 1269–1272.
Vakil, A., and Firoozabadi, B. (2009). “Investigation of valve-closing law on the maximum head rise of a hydropower plant.” Scientia Iranica Trans. B Mech. Eng., 16(3), 222–228.
Wylie, E. B., Streeter, V. L., and Suo, L. S. (1993). Fluid transients in systems, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Yang, C.-J., and Jackson, R. B. (2011). “Opportunities and barriers to pumped-hydro energy storage in the United States.” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 15(1), 839–844.
Yang, J.-D., Zhao, K., Li, L., and Wu, P. (2011). “Analysis on the causes of units 7 and 9 accidents at Sayano-Shushenskaya hydropower station.” J. Hydroelectric Eng., 30(4), 226–234.
Yang, K. (1999). Hydraulic transient and regulation in hydropower station and pump station, China Water Power Press, Beijing.
Yu, X., Zhang, J., and Hazrati, A. (2011). “Critical superposition instant of surge waves in surge tank with long headrace tunnel.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 38(3), 331–337.
Zhang, J., Fang, Y. T., Liu, H., and Zhou, J. (2004). “Study on the reversible pump-turbine closing law in pumped storage plan.” Fluid Mach., 32(12), 14–18.
Zhang, Q., Karney, B., Suo, L., and Colombo, A. F. (2011). “Stochastic analysis of water hammer and applications in reliability-based structural design for hydro turbine penstocks.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 1509–1521.
Zhang, Q. F. (2009). “Numerical modeling of active hydraulic devices and their significance to system performance and transient protection.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Toronto, Toronto.
Zhang, X.-X., and Cheng, Y.-G. (2012). “Simulation of hydraulic transients in hydropower systems using the 1-D–3-D coupling approach.” J. Hydrodyn., 24(4), 595–604.
Zhou, J., Cai, F., and Wang, Y. (2011). “New elastic model of pipe flow for stability analysis of the governor-turbine-hydraulic system.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 1238–1247.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 141 • Issue 3 • March 2015
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 20, 2013
Accepted: Oct 22, 2014
Published online: Nov 26, 2014
Published in print: Mar 1, 2015
Discussion open until: Apr 26, 2015
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.