Flow Observations in Tall Plunging Flow Dropshafts
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 141, Issue 1
Abstract
Plunging flow dropshafts are commonly used in municipal drainage systems. In this Note, an exploratory study is reported on the physics of the flow and air demand in two dropshafts of 7.7 and 6.3 m drop height. The flow inside these dropshafts was controlled by the upstream conditions with no outlet control. The water flow distribution and flow velocities in the vertically falling section are presented, and the energy dissipation in plunge flow drop structures is analyzed. The air demand was measured, and an empirical relation is proposed to predict the air demand in these tall dropshafts.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Anderson, A. G., and Dahlin, W. Q. (1975). “Dropshafts for the tunnel and reservoir plan.”, Minnesota Univ. St Anthony Falls Hydraul. Lab, Minneapolis.
Associated Engineering Alberta (A.E.). (2008). “Odour control program reportDraft.” Edmonton, Canada.
Beltaos, S. (1976). “Oblique impingement of plane turbulent jets.” J. Hydraul. Eng. Div., 102(HY9), 1177–1192.
Calomino, F., Prega, G., Piro, P., and Veraldi, M. G. (1999). “Hydraulics of drops in supercritical flow.” Proc., 8th Int. Conf. on Urban Storm Drainage, IWA Publishing, London.
Camino, G. A., Zhu, D. Z., and Rajaratnam, N. (2009). “Use of a stacked drop manhole for energy dissipation: A case study in Edmonton.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 36(6), 1037–1050.
Camino, G. A., Zhu, D. Z., and Rajaratnam, N. (2011). “Hydraulics of stacked drop manholes.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 537–552.
Chanson, H. (2004). “Hydraulics of rectangular dropshafts.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 523–529.
Christodoulou, G. C. (1991). “Drop manholes in supercritical pipelines.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 37–47.
Dahlin, W. Q., Wetzel, J. M., and Nesbeitt, K. K. (1982). “Hydraulic modelling of vertical dropshaft structures.” Int. Conf. on Hydraulic Modeling of Civil Engineering Structures, Paper X1, BHRA Fluid Engineering, Cranfield, Bedford, England, 525–538.
de Marinis, G., Gargano, R., Granata, F., and Hager, W. H. (2007). “Circular drop manholes. Preliminary experimental results.” Proc., 32nd Congress of IAHR, International Association of Hydraulic Engineering & Research, Madrid, Spain.
Edwini-Bonsu, S., and Steffler, P. M. (2006). “Dynamics of air flow in sewer conduit headspace.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 791–799.
Falvey, H. T. (1980). Air-water flow in hydraulic structures., U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Denver.
Gayer, J. A. (1984). “On the hydraulic role of manholes in urban storm drainage systems.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Urban Storm Drainage, Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden.
Granata, F., de Marinis, G., Gargano, R., and Hager, W. H. (2011). “Hydraulics of circular drop manholes.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 102–111.
Gualtieri, C., and Chanson, H. (2013). “Interparticle arrival time analysis of bubble distribution in a dropshaft and hydraulic jump.” J. Hydraul. Res., 51(3), 253–264.
Jalil, A. (2009). “Experimental and numerical study of plunging flow in vertical dropshafts.” Ph.D. thesis, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Jalil, A., and Rajaratnam, N. (2009). “Oblique impingement of circular water jets on plane boundaries.” J. Hydraul. Res., 44(6), 807–814.
Kate, R. P., Das, P. K., and Chakraborty, S. (2007). “Hydraulic jumps with corners due to obliquely inclined circular liquid jets.” Phys. Rev. E: Stat. Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys., 75(5), 247–263.
Kibar, A., Karabay, H., Yigit, K. S., Ucar, I. O., and Erbil, H. Y. (2010). “Experimental investigation of inclined liquid water jet flow onto vertically located superhydrophobic surfaces.” Exp. Fluids, 49(5), 1135–1145.
Rajaratnam, N., Mainali, A., and Hsung, C. Y. (1997). “Observations on flow in vertical dropshafts in urban drainage systems.” J. Environ. Eng., 486–491.
Williamson, S. (2001). Drop structure design for wastewater and stormwater collection systems, W. B. P. F. Monographs, Parsons Brinckerhoff, New York.
Zhao, C., Zhu, D. Z., Sun, S., and Liu, Z. (2006). “An experimental study of a vortex dropshaft.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 61–68.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 1, 2013
Accepted: Aug 5, 2014
Published online: Sep 26, 2014
Published in print: Jan 1, 2015
Discussion open until: Feb 26, 2015
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.