SPH Modeling of Shallow Flow with Open Boundaries for Practical Flood Simulation
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 138, Issue 6
Abstract
A smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical model for shallow water equations (SWEs) is presented for simulating flood inundation owing to rapidly varying flow, such as dam breaks, tsunamis, and levee breaches. Important theoretical and numerical developments have recently been made, and the model in this paper incorporates these developments and implements open boundary conditions, resulting in a general, accurate computational tool suitable for practical application. The method is attractive for flood simulation over large domains in which the extent of inundation is unknown because computation is carried out only in wet areas and is dynamically adaptive. The open boundary algorithm is very general, on the basis of a simplified version of the characteristics method, handling both supercritical and subcritical inflow and outflow. This is tested against reference solutions for flows over a hump involving shocks. The model is then applied to two very different flood inundations resulting from the Okushiri tsunami in Japan and from a hypothetical dyke breach at Thamesmead in the United Kingdom. The SPH-SWE model compares well with established commercial and state-of-the-art finite-volume codes.
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Acknowledgments
The authors want to acknowledge the anonymous reviewers who provided useful comments and suggestions, which improved the quality of the paper. This work was funded by a Research Councils UK (RCUK) Research Fellowship and contributes to the Flood Risk Management Research Consortium (FRMRC). The FRMRC is supported by grant EP/F020511/1 from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, in partnership with the DEFRA/EA Joint Research Programme on Flood and Coastal Defence, UKWIR, OPW (Ireland), and the Rivers Agency (Northern Ireland).
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 138 • Issue 6 • June 2012
Pages: 530 - 541
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 11, 2010
Accepted: Dec 6, 2011
Published online: Dec 8, 2011
Published in print: Jun 1, 2012
Published ahead of production: Jun 15, 2012
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