Propagation of Pressure Waves in Two-Component Bubbly Flow in Horizontal Pipes
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 6
Abstract
The propagation of pressure waves in two-component bubbly flow was analytically and experimentally investigated. An analysis is presented that accounts for the effects attributable to liquid compressibility, pipe elasticity, and temperature rise across pressure waves. Analytical results indicate that the effects of liquid compressibility and pipe wall elasticity are important at low gas content, although the effect of temperature change is generally negligible. Pressure waves were generated in the laboratory by rapid closure of a valve at the downstream end of a horizontal pipe. The experimental results indicate that there were two major pressure surges generated by valve closure; the first was attributable to stoppage of the two-phase mixture at the valve, and the second attributable to the arrest of the liquid column at the upstream end of the mixing device. The transient flow model provides a satisfactory prediction of the initial pressure rise at the valve and the average velocity of the initial pressure waves.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The author wishes to thank Prof. Ray A. A. Bryant for his guidance throughout the course of this project, which was carried out at School of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. He also wishes to thank Mr. Richard B. Frost and Mr. Jim Beck for their assistance during the construction and setting up of the experimental test apparatus.
References
Akagawa, K., Fujii, T., and Ito, Y. (1983). “Analyses of shock phenomena in a bubbly flow by two-velocity model and homogeneous model.” Advances in two-phase flow and heat transfer, fundamentals and applications, S. Kakac and M. Ishii, eds., Martinus Nijhoff, Leiden, Netherlands, 79–92.
Akagawa, K., Sakaguchi, T., Fujii, T., Fujioka, S., and Sugiyama, M. (1980). “Shock phenomena in air-water two-phase flow.” Proc., Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer Symposium Workshop, Vol. 3, Hemisphere Publishing, Washington, DC, 1673–1694.
Akagawa, K., Sakaguchi, T., Fujii, T., Sugiyama, M., Yamaguchi, T., and Ito, Y. (1979). “Shock phenomena in bubble and slug flow regimes.” Two-Phase Flow Dynamics, Japan–U.S. Seminar, A. B. Bergles and S. Ishigai, eds., Hemisphere Publishing, Washington, DC, 217–238.
Bryant, R. A. A. (1975). “Water hammer in compressible fluids.” Rep. FM/18/75, University of Salford, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Salford, UK.
Campbell, I. J., and Pitcher, A. S. (1958). “Shock waves in a liquid containing gas bubbles.” Proc. Royal Soc., Lon., Series A, 243, 534–545.
Chapman, A. J., and Walker, W. F. (1971). Introductory gas dynamics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 42–48 and 128–132.
Chaudhry, M. H. (1987). Applied hydraulic transients, 2nd Ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 204–205.
Chaudhry, M. H., Bhallamudi, S. M., Martin, C. S., and Naghash, M. (1990). “Analysis of transient pressures in bubbly, homogeneous, gas-liquid mixtures.” J. Fluids Eng., 112(2), 225–231.
Enever, K. J. (1967). “An introduction to pressure surges in gas-liquid mixtures.” 9th Members Conf., BHRA, Cranfield, UK.
Enever, K. J. (1972). “Surge pressures in a gas-liquid mixture with a low gas content.” 1st Int. Conf. on Pressure Surges, BHRA, Cranfield, UK.
Govier, G. W., and Aziz, K. (1972). The flow of complex mixtures in pipes, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Guinot, V. (2001). “Numerical simulation of two-phase flow in pipes using Godunov method.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 50(5), 1169–1189.
Herringe, R. A., and Davis, M. R. (1978). “Flow structure and distribution effects in gas-liquid mixture flow.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 4(5-6), 461–486.
Huang, F., Takahashi, M., and Guo, L. (2005). “Pressure wave propagation in air-water bubbly and slug flow.” Prog. Nucl. Energy, 47(1-4), 648–655.
Lee, J. F., and Sears, F. W. (1962). Thermodynamics, 2nd Ed., Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 95, 231, 243, 247.
Leon, Arturo S., Ghidaoui, M. S., Schmidt, A. R., and Garcia, M. H. (2008). “Efficient second-order accurate shock-capturing scheme for modeling one-and two-phase water hammer flows.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 134(7), 970–983.
Manhane, J. M., Gregory, G. A., and Aziz, K. (1974). “A flow pattern map for gas-liquid flow in horizontal pipes.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 1(4), 537–553.
Martin, C. S., and Padmanabhan, M. (1975). “Effects of free gases on pressure transients.” Energia Elettrica, 52(5), 262–267.
Martin, C. S., Padmanabhan, M., and Wiggert, D. C. (1976). “Pressure wave propagation in two-phase bubbly air-water mixtures.” 2nd Int. Conf. on Pressure Surges, BHRA, Cranfield, UK.
Mori, Y., Hijikata, K., and Komine, A. (1975). “Propagation of pressure waves in two-phase flow.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 2(2), 139–152.
Padmanabhan, M., Ames, W. F., and Martin, C. S. (1978a). “Numerical analysis of pressure transients in bubbly two-phase mixtures by explicit-implicit methods.” J. Eng. Math., 12(1), 83–93.
Padmanabhan, M., and Martin, C. S. (1978b). “Shock-wave formation in flowing bubbly mixtures by steepening of compression waves.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 4(1), 81–88.
Tran, P. D. (2008). “Distributions of pressure, velocity, and void fraction for one-dimensional gas-liquid bubbly flow in horizontal pipes.” J. Fluids Eng., 130(9), 091302–0913029.
Wallis, G. B. (1969). One-dimensional two-phase flow, McGraw-Hill, New York, 19.
Weisman, J., Duncan, D., Gibson, J., and Crawford, T. (1979). “Effects of fluid properties and pipe diameter on two-phase flow patterns in horizontal lines.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 5(6), 437–462.
Wylie, E. B., and Streeter, V. L. (1993). Fluid transients in systems, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 9–11, 26–28.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 20, 2010
Accepted: Oct 19, 2010
Published online: May 16, 2011
Published in print: Jun 1, 2011
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.