Experimental Study of Sand and Slurry Jets in Water
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 136, Issue 10
Abstract
This paper presents the results of an experimental study of turbulent sand jets and sand-water slurry jets impinging vertically into a stagnant water body. The jets contained silica sand with a median diameter of , and with an initial concentration 0.60 by volume for the sand jets, and 0.055–0.124 by volume for the slurry jets. The jets had densimetric Froude numbers between 2.0 and 5.94. The sand concentration and velocity profiles were measured simultaneously using a novel fiber optical probe, up to a distance of for sand jets, and for slurry jets, where is the jet diameter at the water surface. The jets were found to have self-similar Gaussian profiles. The centerline sand concentration within the jets was found to decrease rapidly, following trends similar to single phase plumes. The centerline sand velocity profile decreased significantly before reaching a plateau region. The “terminal” centerline sand velocity within this region varies somewhat depending upon sand mass flux, and is between 0.32 and 0.43 m/s. The spreading rates of the jets were found to vary with the particle Froude number. Within the sand jets and the higher Froude number slurry jet, the sand concentration had a smaller spreading rate than the velocity. The other slurry jets had equal concentration/velocity spreading rates. The momentum flux of the sand within the jets was found to decrease sharply, followed by a constant flux below a depth of 25 to 30 jet diameters.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 136 • Issue 10 • October 2010
Pages: 727 - 738
Copyright
© 2010 ASCE.
History
Received: May 28, 2009
Accepted: Mar 27, 2010
Published online: Mar 30, 2010
Published in print: Oct 2010
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