Effects of Mobilized Wall Friction Angle on Resultant Seismic Earth Pressure on Shallow Foundation
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 145, Issue 10
Abstract
To investigate the seismic earth pressure on a shallow foundation, a dynamic centrifuge test using a sinusoidal sweep motion was performed on a superstructure–footing model embedded in dry sand deposits. The resultant seismic earth pressure and vertical wall friction acting on the plates on the active and passive sides were separately measured using two-dimensional load cells. The shapes of the measured hysteresis loops of earth pressure and relative displacement varied with the input motion period. The amplitude of the earth pressure depended on the mobilized wall friction angle rather than on the soil acceleration. A key factor for the hysteresis-loop shape was the phase difference between a peak of the mobilized wall friction angle and that of the relative displacement. The mobilized wall friction angles were dependent on the overturning moment caused by the superstructure inertia. When the relative displacement was mainly caused by the soil displacement, the phase between the relative displacement and the wall friction angle could be large. The earth pressure did not peak at a peak in the relative displacement.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JSPS KAKENHI), Grant No. JP24360228.
References
Brandenberg, S. J., R. W. Boulanger, B. L. Kutter, and D. Chang. 2005. “Behavior of pile foundations in laterally spreading ground during centrifuge tests.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 131 (11): 1378–1391. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2005)131:11(1378).
Candia, G., R. G. Mikola, and N. Sitar. 2016. “Seismic response of retaining walls with cohesive backfill: Centrifuge model studies.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 90 (Nov): 411–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.09.013.
Fang, Y.-S., Y.-C. Ho, and T.-J. Chen. 2002. “Passive earth pressure with critical state concept.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 128 (8): 651–659. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2002)128:8(651).
Gadre, A., and R. Dobry. 1998. “Lateral cyclic loading centrifuge tests on square embedded footing.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 124 (11): 1128–1138. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1998)124:11(1128).
Ichihara, M., and H. Matsuzawa. 1973. “Earth pressure during earthquake.” Soils Found. 13 (4): 75–86. https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.13.4_75.
Jaky, J. 1948. “Pressure in silos.” In Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 103–107. Rotterdam, Netherlands: A.A. Balkema.
JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards). 2009. Test method for minimum and maximum densities of sands. JIS A 1224. Tokyo, Japan: Japanese Standards Association.
Jyant, K. 2001. “Seismic passive earth pressure coefficients for sands.” Can. Geotech. J. 38 (4): 876–881. https://doi.org/10.1139/t01-004.
Mokwa, R. L., and J. M. Duncan. 2001. “Experimental evaluation of lateral-load resistance of pile caps.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 127 (2): 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:2(185).
Mononobe, N., and Matsuo, O. 1929. “On the determination of earth pressure during earthquakes.” In Proc., World Engineering Congress, 179–187. Tokyo: World Engineering Congress.
Morrison, E. E., Jr., and R. M. Ebeling. 1995. “Limit equilibrium computation of dynamic passive earth pressure.” Can. Geotech. J. 32 (3): 481–487. https://doi.org/10.1139/t95-050.
Okabe, S. 1924. “General theory on earth pressure and seismic stability of retaining walls and dams.” J. Jpn. Soc. Civ. Eng. 10 (6): 1277–1323.
Rollins, K. M., and R. T. Cole. 2006. “Cyclic lateral load behavior of a pile cap and backfill.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 132 (9): 1143–1153. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2006)132:9(1143).
Rollins, K. M., and A. Sparks. 2002. “Lateral resistance of full-scale pile cap with gravel backfill.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 128 (9): 711–723. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2002)128:9(711).
Shamsabadi, A., K. M. Rollins, and M. Kapuskar. 2007. “Nonlinear soil–abutment–bridge structure interaction for seismic performance-based design.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 133 (6): 707–720. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:6(707).
Sitar, N., and L. Al Atik. 2008. “Dynamic centrifuge study of seismically induced lateral earth pressure on retaining structures.” In Proc., Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics IV, edited by David Zeng, Majid T. Manzari, and Dennis R. Hiltunen. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Sokolovski, V. V. 1965. Statics of granular media. Pergamon Press: Oxford.
Tamura, S., and T. Hida. 2014. “Pile stress estimation based on seismic deformation method with embedment effects on pile caps.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 140 (9): 04014049. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001150.
Tamura, S., T. Imayoshi, and T. Sakamoto. 2007. “Earth pressure and side friction acting on an embedded pile cap in dry sand based on centrifuge tests.” Soils Found. 47 (4): 811–819. https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.47.811.
Tamura, S., and D. Odaka. 2018. “Seismic earth pressure acting on shallow embedded footing in cohesive soil.” [In Japanese.] J. Struct. Constr. Eng. 83: 81–87 (743). https://doi.org/10.3130/aijs.83.81.
Tamura, S., and K. Tokimatsu. 2005. “Seismic earth pressure acting on embedded footing based on large-scale shaking table tests.” In Proc., Worshop on Seismic Performance and Simulation of Pile Foundations in Liquefied and Laterally Spreading Ground, edited by R. W. Boulanger and K. Tokimatsu, 83–96. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Terzaghi, K., and R. B. Peck. 1948. Soil mechanics in engineering practice. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Uesugi, M., and H. Kishida. 1986. “Influential factors of friction between steel and dry sands.” Soils Found. 26 (2): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.26.2_33.
Wilson, P., and A. Elgamal. 2010. “Large-scale passive earth pressure load-displacement tests and numerical simulation.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 136 (12): 1634–1643. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000386.
Zhu, D.-Y., and Q. Qian. 2000. “Determination of passive earth pressure coefficients by the method of triangular slices.” Can. Geotech. J. 37 (2): 485–491. https://doi.org/10.1139/t99-123.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 145 • Issue 10 • October 2019
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 3, 2018
Accepted: Mar 27, 2019
Published online: Jul 16, 2019
Published in print: Oct 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Dec 16, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.