Effects of Interface Roughness, Particle Geometry, and Gradation on the Sand–Steel Interface Friction Angle
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Volume 144, Issue 12
Abstract
Determination of interface shear strength is crucial in the design of many geotechnical structures. To study the effect of interface roughness, particle geometry (size and shape), and sand gradation on the interface friction angle, direct interface shear tests were performed for 10 sands with varying particle sizes, shapes, and gradations and four steel surfaces with different levels of rusting. When sheared along the same interface, the interface friction angle was greater for sands with smaller particle sizes and more angular or elongated particle shapes. For a given sand, the interface friction angle increases with increasing surface roughness. For sands with uniform particle size, a unique relationship was found between the normalized surface roughness and the ratio of the sand–steel critical-state interface friction angle to the internal critical-state friction angle of the sand. Given the same surface roughness and mean particle size, smaller critical-state interface friction angles were mobilized for graded sands than for sands with uniform particle sizes.
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Acknowledgments
The work presented in this paper was funded by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1562538. The authors are very grateful for this support. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors are thankful to Mehdi Marashi for his assistance with the surface roughness measurements.
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Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 12 • December 2018
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©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Oct 17, 2017
Accepted: Jul 12, 2018
Published online: Oct 10, 2018
Published in print: Dec 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Mar 10, 2019
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