Numerical Simulation of Triaxial Stress Probes and Recent Stress-History Effects of Compressible Chicago Glacial Clays
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 7
Abstract
Numerical simulations and calibration of hypoplasticity constitutive parameters for Chicago clays are presented based on laboratory tests conducted on high-quality block samples and field tests from excavations located in the Chicago, Illinois area. The parameters for the hypoplasticity model enhanced with the intergranular strain concept are calibrated from the results of index tests, oedometer tests, and -consolidated undrained triaxial compression and extension tests. Drained stress probes conducted in a triaxial cell after three different preshearing stress paths were used to compare the numerical results with the triaxial test results. One path was applied to study the clay stress-strain behavior at in situ conditions and the remaining two to isolate the effects of recent stress history. The results are shown in terms of the secant shear and bulk stiffness, shear and volumetric stress-strain responses at small and large strains, and stress path reversals.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Financial support for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation Grant No. CMMI-1538506. The support of Dr. Richard Fragaszy, program director at NSF, is greatly appreciated. The authors would like to acknowledge Mr. Andres F. Uribe-Henao for his help in checking the numerical models and calibration of the constitutive parameters. Financial support for Dr. Fuchen Teng was provided by the National Science Council (Grant No. 105-2218-E-011-016) in Taiwan. Financial support for Dr. Taesik Kim was provided by the Basic Research Laboratory Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (Project No. NRF 2015-041523).
References
Arboleda-Monsalve, L. G. (2014). “Performance, instrumentation and numerical simulation of one museum park west excavation.” Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL.
Atkinson, J. H., Richardson, D., and Stallebrass, S. E. (1990). “Effect of recent stress history on the stiffness of overconsolidated soil.” Geotechnique, 40(4), 531–540.
Chambon, R., Caillerie, D., Desrues, J., and Crochepeyre, S. (1999). “A comparison of incremental behavior of elastoplastic and CLoE models.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 23(4), 295–316.
Chambon, R., Desrues, J., Hammad, W., and Charlier, R. (1994). “CLoE, a new rate-type constitutive model for geomaterials theoretical basis and implementation.” Intl. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 18(4), 253–278.
Cho, W. (2007). “Recent stress history effects on compressible Chicago glacial clay.” Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL.
Cho, W., Holman, T. P., Jung, Y. H., and Finno, R. J. (2007). “Effects of swelling during saturation in triaxial tests in clays.” Geotech. Test. J., 30(5), 378–386.
Chung, C. K., and Finno, R. J. (1992). “Influence of depositional processes on the geotechnical parameters of Chicago glacial clays.” Eng. Geol., 32(4), 225–242.
Dafalias, Y. F. (1986). “Bounding surface plasticity. I: Mathematical foundation and hypoplasticity.” J. Eng. Mech., 966–987.
Finno, R. J., and Cho, W. (2011). “Recent stress-history effects on compressible Chicago glacial clays.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 197–207.
Finno, R. J., and Chung, C. (1992). “Stress-strain-strength responses of compressible Chicago glacial clays.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 118(10), 1607–1625.
Finno, R. J., Hiltunen, D. R., and Kim, T. (2012). “Elastic cross-anisotropy of Chicago glacial clays from field and laboratory data.” Proc., GeoCongress 2012: State of the Art and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Reston, VA.
Finno, R. J., and Kim, T. (2012). “Effects of stress path rotation angle on small strain responses.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 526–534.
Herle, I., and Kolymbas, D. (2004). “Hypoplasticity for soils with low friction angles.” Comput. Geotech., 31(5), 365–373.
Huang, W.-X., Wu, W., Sun, D.-A., and Sloan, S. (2006). “A simple hypoplastic model for normally consolidated clay.” Acta Geotechnica, 1(1), 15–27.
Kim, T. (2011). “Incrementally nonlinear responses of soft Chicago glacial clays.” Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL.
Kim, T., and Finno, R. J. (2012). “Anisotropy evolution and irrecoverable deformation in triaxial stress probes.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 155–165.
Kolymbas, D. (1978). “Eine konstitutive Theorie fur Böden und andere körnige Stoffe.” Ph.D. thesis, Karlsruhe Univ., Karlsruhe, Germany (in German).
Masin, D. (2005). “A hypoplastic constitutive model for clays.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 29(4), 311–336.
Masin, D. (2011). “Hypoplasticity for practical applications.” Ph.D. thesis, Charles Univ., Prague, Czech Republic.
Masin, D. (2013). “Clay hypoplasticity with explicitly defined asymptotic states.” Acta Geotechnica, 8(5), 481–496.
Masin, D. (2014). “Clay hypoplasticity model including stiffness anisotropy.” Geotechnique, 64(3), 232–238.
Masin, D., and Rott, J. (2014). “Small strain stiffness anisotropy of natural sedimentary clays: Review and a model.” Acta Geotechnica, 9(2), 299–312.
Niemunis, A. (2002). “Extended hypoplastic models for soils.” Ph.D. thesis, Ruhr-Univ. Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Niemunis, A. (2003). “Anisotropic effects in hypoplasticity.” Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials, Di Benedetto, H., Doanh, T., Geoffroy, H., and Sauzéat, C., eds., A.A. Balkema, Netherlands, 1211–1217.
Niemunis, A., and Herle, I. (1997). “Hypoplastic model for cohesionless soils with elastic strain range.” Mech. Cohesive-Frictional Mater., 2(4), 279–299.
Peck, R. B., and Reed, W. C. (1954). “Engineering properties of Chicago subsoils.”, Engineering Experiment Station, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL.
Plaxis 2D version 2015 [Computer software]. Plaxis bv, Delft, Netherlands.
Santagata, M., Germaine, J. T., and Ladd, C. C. (2005). “Factors affecting the initial stiffness of cohesive soils.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 430–441.
Sarabia, F. (2012). “Hypoplastic constitutive law adapted to simulate excavations in Chicago glacial clays.” Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL.
Smith, P. R., Jardine, R. J., and Hight, D. W. (1992). “The yielding of Bothkennar clay.” Geotechnique, 42(2), 257–274.
von Wolffersdorff, P. A. (1996). “A hypoplastic relation for granular materials with a predefined limit state surface.” Mech. Cohesive-Frictional Mater., 1(3), 251–271.
Wang, G., and Xie, Y. (2014). “Modified bounding surface hypoplasticity model for sands under cyclic loading.” J. Eng. Mech., 91–101.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 143 • Issue 7 • July 2017
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 26, 2015
Accepted: Dec 2, 2016
Published online: Mar 17, 2017
Published in print: Jul 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Aug 17, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.