Abstract

This paper discusses the seismic retrofit of Tuttle Creek Dam near Manhattan, Kansas, including investigations, seismic analyses, design, construction, and stabilization techniques used. Original plans called for stabilization of the upstream and downstream slopes and installation of an upstream cutoff wall to reduce underseepage. However, constructability and dam safety issues, along with the results of refined seismic deformation analyses, led to cancellation of the jet grouted upstream slope stabilization and cutoff wall. Downstream slope stabilization was to be accomplished by jet grouting or soil mixing, but ultimately was accomplished using a self-hardening cement-bentonite (C-B) slurry to construct transverse shear walls. A total of 351 transverse shear walls were constructed along the downstream toe by primarily clamshell equipment. Typical shear walls are 13.7 m long, 1.2 m wide, and extend 18.9 m deep or about 6.1 m into the coarse foundation sands. The walls are spaced at 4.3 m on center along the downstream toe for a replacement ratio of about 29%. In addition to the transverse shear walls, the relief well collection ditch along the downstream toe was replaced with a buried collector system to further improve downstream stability and underseepage control.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Axtell, P., and Stark, T. D. (2008). “Increase in shear modulus by soil mix and jet grout methods.” Deep Found. Inst. J., 2(1), 11–22.
Axtell, P., Stark, T. D., and Dillon, J. C. (2009). “Strength difference between clam-shell and long-reach excavator constructed cement-bentonite self-hardening slurry walls.” Contemporary Topics in Ground Modification, Problem Soils, and Geo-Support, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication No. 187, M. Iskander, D. F. Laefer, and M. H. Hussein, eds., ASCE, Washington, DC, 297–304.
Axtell, P., Stark, T. D., and Dillon, J. C. (2010). “Peak and post-peak shear strength of cement-bentonite.” Deep Found. Inst. J., 4(1), 59–65.
Castro, G., Perlea, V., and Walberg, F. C. (2003). “Dynamic properties of cohesive soil in the foundation of an embankment dam.” Proc., 21st Int. Conf. on Large Dams, International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD), Paris, Q.83–R.3.
Empson, W. B., and Hummert, J. B. (2004). “Warning the downstream community after an earthquake.” Proc., Dam Safety Conf., Association of State Dam Safety Officials, Lexington, KY.
Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC) 5.0 [Computer software]. Minneapolis, MN, Itasca Consulting Group, Inc.
Finn, W. D. L. (2004). “Report on Seismic Deformation Analyses of Tuttle Creek Dam.” U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District, Kansas City, MO.
Marcuson, W. F., Hynes, M. E., and Franklin, A. G. (1990). “Evaluation and use of residual strength in seismic safety analysis of embankments.” Earthq. Spectra, 6(3), 529–572.
Lane, K. S., and Fehrman, R. G. (1960). “Tuttle Creek Dam of rolled shale and dredged sand.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., 86(SM6), 11–34.
Perlea, V. G. (2006). “Draft memorandum: Tuttle Creek Dam, summary of soil properties for use in FLAC analysis.” U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District. USACE, Washington, DC.
Prevost, J. H. (2002). Dynaflow - A nonlinear transient finite element analysis program, Version 02, Technical Report, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NY. http://www.princeton.edu/~dynaflow/.
Popescu, R. (1998). “Evaluation report, Appendix V, Phase II, special investigations, Part 2: Detailed field investigation and evaluation of repair alternatives: Seepage analysis, Appendix F, Dynaflow analysis,” U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District, Kansas City, MO.
Rice, J. D., and Duncan, J. M. (2009a). “Findings of case histories on the long-term performance of seepage barriers in dams.” J. Geotech. Eng., 136(1), 2–16.
Rice, J. D., and Duncan, J. M. (2009b). “Deformation and cracking of seepage barriers in dams due to changes in the pore pressure regime.” J. Geotech. Eng., 136(1), 16–25.
Seed, H. B., and Harder, L. F. (1990). “SPT based analysis of cyclic pore pressure generation and undrained residual strength,” Proc., H. Bolton Seed Mem. Symp., BiTech Publishers, Ltd., Vancouver, BC, Canada, Vol. 2, 351−376.
Seed, H. B. and Idriss, I. M. (1971). “Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential.” J. Soil. Mech. Foun. Div., 97(9), 1249−1273.
Somerville, P., Walberg, F. C., and Perlea, V. G. (2003). “Seismic hazard analysis and selection of design earthquake for a dam in Kansas. Proc. 21st Int. Conf. on Large Dams, International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD), Paris, Vol. 3, 473–495.
Stark, T. D., Axtell, P. J., Lewis, J. R., Dillon, J. C., Empson, W. B., Topi, J. E., Walberg, F. C. (2009). “Soil inclusions in jet grout columns.” Deep Found. Inst. J., 3(1), 44–55.
Stark, T. D., Lewis, J. R., Castro, G., Walberg, F. C., and Mathews, D. L. (2011). “Liquefaction subsurface investigation for Milford Dam.” Can. Geotech. J., 48(10), 1504–1519.
Stark, T. D., Beaty, M. H., Byrne, P. M., Castro, G., Walberg, F. C., Perlea, V. G., Axtell, P. J., Dillon, J. C., Empson, W. B., Mathews, D. L. (2012). “Seismic deformation analysis of Tuttle Creek Dam.” Can. Geotech. J., 49(3), 323–343.
Stark, T. D., and Mesri, G. (1992). “Undrained shear strength of liquefied sands for stability analyses.” J. Geotech. Eng., 118(11), 1727–1747.
TARA3-FL [Computer software]. Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Canada.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). (1999). “Engineering and design for civil works projects.” Engineer Manual ER 1110-2-1150, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). (2007). “Tuttle Creek Dam: Foundation modification project: Downstream stabilization and buried collector system, plans and specifications.” U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District, Kansas City, MO.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 139Issue 6June 2013
Pages: 975 - 986

History

Received: Jun 6, 2011
Accepted: Aug 8, 2012
Published online: Aug 20, 2012
Published in print: Jun 1, 2013

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Francke C. Walberg, M.ASCE [email protected]
Senior Consultant, URS Corporation, 8300 College Blvd., Overland Park, KS 66210. E-mail: [email protected]
Timothy D. Stark, F.ASCE [email protected]
Professor, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Ave., IL 61801, (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
Peter J. Nicholson
President, Nicholson Consulting, LLC, 22029 State Road 7, Boca Raton, FL 33428.
Gonzalo Castro, M.ASCE
Senior Principal, Geotechnical Engineers, Inc. (GEI) Consultants, Inc., GEI Consultants, Inc., 400 Unicorn Park Drive, Woburn, MA 01801.
Peter M. Byrne
Professor, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Paul J. Axtell, M.ASCE
Principal Engineer, Dan Brown and Associates, 10134 Glenwood, Overland Park, KS 66212.
John C. Dillon
Chief, Cost Estimating Section, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District, 601 E 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64106.
William B. Empson
Senior Levee Safety Program Risk Manager, Risk Management Center-West-Denver, Institute for Water Resources, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 12596 W. Bayaud Ave., Ste. 400, Lakewood, CO 80288.
Joseph E. Topi
Senior Geologist, Geotechnical Design and Dam Safety Section, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District, 301 E. 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64106.
David L. Mathews
Chief, Engineering Division, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District, 601 E 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64106.
Glen M. Bellew
Chief, Geotechnical Design and Dam Safety Section, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City District, 601 E 12th St., Kansas City, MO 64106.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share