Nonlinear Efficiency of Bored Pile Group under Lateral Loading
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 136, Issue 12
Abstract
A bored pile group consisting of nine cast-in-drilled-hole reinforced concrete shafts and a comparable single-shaft were subjected to reversed cyclic, lateral head loading to investigate group interaction effects across a wide range of lateral displacements. The piles had the same diameter of and similar soil conditions; however, various equipment constraints led to two differences: (1) a fixed head (zero rotation) boundary condition for the single pile versus minor pile cap rotation in the vertical plane for the group and (2) shaft longitudinal reinforcement ratios of 1.8% for the single pile and 1% for the group piles. To enable comparisons between the test results, a calibrated model of the single pile (1.8% reinforcement) was developed and used to simulate the response of a single shaft with 1% reinforcement. Additional simulations of the pile group were performed to evaluate the effects of cap rotation on group response. By comparing the simulated responses for common conditions, i.e., 1% reinforcing ratio and zero head rotation, group efficiencies were found to range from unity at lateral displacements to 0.8 at small displacements and up to 0.9 at failure (displacements ). Hence, we find that group efficiency depends on the level of nonlinearity in the foundation system. The general group efficiency, although not its displacement-dependence, is captured by -multipliers in the literature for reinforced concrete, fixed-head piles.
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Acknowledgments
Support for this research was provided by the California Department of Transportation under Research Contract No. UNSPECIFIED59A0247, which is gratefully acknowledged. Furthermore we would like to acknowledge the support and valuable assistance of Anoosh Shamsabadi and Craig Whitten of Caltrans. George Cooke of GB Cooke is recognized for his assistance with construction and contract administration. Project research support also was provided by the NEES@UCLA Equipment Site as an approved shared-use project through funding from NEESinc and National Science Foundation Award No. NSFCMMI-0402490. Special thanks are to the NEES@UCLA research staff: Robert Nigbor, Steve Kang, Steve Keowen, and Alberto Salamanca for their technical support and assistance during specimen preparation, testing and data analysis.
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Received: Dec 17, 2008
Accepted: Apr 26, 2010
Published online: May 7, 2010
Published in print: Dec 2010
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