Consolidation of Soft Clay Foundations Reinforced by Stone Columns under Time-Dependent Loadings
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 12
Abstract
This paper presents an analytical solution for the consolidation of soft soil foundations reinforced by stone columns under time-dependent loadings. The differential equations of the foundations reinforced by stone columns are obtained including smear and well resistance under arbitrary applied loadings. The closed-form solutions of pore pressure and the overall average degree of consolidations are obtained for some common types of loadings, such as step loading, ramp loading, and cyclic trapezoidal loading. By solving the equations using a semianalytical method, the comparisons agree very well with the existing analytical solutions, which verify the correctness and accuracy of the proposed methods. Using the solutions obtained, some selected charts are presented and the relevant consolidation behavior is investigated and discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The work described in this paper was carried out under the supervision of Professor A. H. C. Chan while the writer was an honorary Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the University of Birmingham. The writer is indebted to him for his valuable comments and careful revision of the draft. Financial support for this study has been provided by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under Grant No. UNSPECIFIEDY105480. Sincere thanks are due also to the reviewers for their fruitful comments and advice.
References
Balaam, N. P., and Booker, J. R. (1981). “Analysis of rigid rafts supported by granular piles.” Int. J. Numer. Analyt. Meth. Geomech., 5(4), 379–403.
Baligh, M. M., and Levadoux, J. N. (1978). “Consolidation theory for cyclic loading.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 104(4), 415–431.
Barron, R. A. (1948). “Consolidation of fine-grained soils by drain wells.” Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Engrg., 113, 718–742.
Baumann, V., and Bauer, G. E. A. (1974). “The performance of foundations on various soils stabilized by the vibro-compaction method.” Can. Geotech. J., 11(4), 509–530.
Davis, E. H., and Raymond, G. P. (1965). “A nonlinear theory of consolidation.” Geotechnique, 15(2), 161–173.
Favaretti, M., and Soranzo, M. (1995). “A simplified consolidation theory in cyclic loading conditions.” Proc., Int. Sym. Compression and Consolidation of Clayey Soils, Vol. 1, Hiroshima, Japan, 405–409.
Greenwood, D. A., and Kirsch, K. (1984). “Specialist ground treatment by vibratory and dynamic methods.” Proc., Conf. on Piling and Ground Treatment, Thomas Telford, London, 17–45.
Han, J., and Ye, S. L. (2002). “A theoretical solution for consolidation rate of stone column reinforced foundations accounting for smear and well resistance effects.” Int. J. Geomech., 2(2), 135–151.
Hansbo, S. (1981). “Consolidation of fine-grained soils by prefabricated drains.” Proc., 10th Int. Conf. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 3, Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 677–682.
Hird, C. C., Pyrah, I. C., and Russell, D. (1992). “Finite element modelling of vertical drains beneath embankments on soft ground.” Geotechnique, 42(3), 499–511.
Kang-he, X., Tian, Q., and Ya-qin, D. (2006). “Nonlinear analytical solution for one-dimensional consolidation of soft soil under cyclic loading.” J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci., 7(8), 1358–1364.
Leo, C. J. (2004). “Equal strain consolidation by vertical drains.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Engrg., 130(3), 316–327.
Olson, R. E. (1977). “Consolidation under time-dependent loading.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 103(1), 55–60.
Renton-Rose, D. G., Bunce, G. C., and Finlay, D. W. (2000). “Vibro-replacement for industrial plant on reclaimed land, Bahrain.” Geotechnique, 50(6), 727–737.
Saxena, D. S., and Hussin, J. D. (1997). “Stone column improved and piezocone tested site supports mid-rise building complex—A case history.” Geotech. Spec. Publ., 69, 476–491.
Schiffman, R. L. (1958). “Consolidation of soil under time-dependent loading and varying permeability.” Proc., 37th Annual Meeting, Vol. 37, Highway Research Board, Washington, D.C., 584–617.
Shahu, J. T., Madhav, M. R., and Hayashi, S. (2000). “Analysis of soft ground-granular pile-granular mat system.” Comput. Geotech., 27(1), 45–62.
Shan-hai, G., Kang-he, X., and An-feng, H. (2003). “Analysis of one-dimensional consolidation behavior of soils under low-frequency cyclic loading.” Rock Soil Mech., 24(5), 849–853 (in Chinese).
Som, N. (1995). “Consolidation settlement of large diameter storage tank foundations on stone column in soft clay.” Proc., Int. Sym. Compression and Consolidation of Clayey Soils, Vol. 1, Hiroshima, Japan, 653–658.
Tang, X. W., and Onitsuka, K. (2000). “Consolidation by vertical drains under time-dependent loading.” Int. J. Numer. Analyt. Meth. Geomech., 24(9), 739–751.
Zhu, G., and Yin, J. -H. (1999). “Consolidation of double soil layers under depth-dependent ramp load.” Geotechnique, 49(3), 415–421.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Mar 10, 2008
Accepted: Jun 13, 2009
Published online: Jun 20, 2009
Published in print: Dec 2009
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.