Critical Evaluation of Compression Interpretation Criteria for Drilled Shafts
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 8
Abstract
This paper is a critical evaluation of the interpretation criteria of drilled shafts under axial compression loading. A wide variety of load test data are used for analysis, and these data are divided into drained and undrained databases. The interpretation criteria are examined from these load test results to establish a consistent compression interpretation criterion. Among these criteria, the range of each interpretation method presents approximately the same trend for both drained and undrained conditions. The statistical results show that the smaller the compression displacement, the higher the coefficient of variation. Moreover, the undrained load test results reveal less variability than the drained results. The load-displacement curve of a drained loading also demonstrates more ductility than that for undrained loading. Based on these analyses, the relative merits and interrelationships of these criteria are established, and specific design recommendations for the interpretation of compression drilled shaft load test, in terms of both capacity and displacement, are given.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the National Science Council, Taiwan, under Contract No. NSCTNSC 96-2221-E-033-034.
References
Chen, J.-R., and Kulhawy, F. H. (2002a). “Axial uplift behavior of pressure-injected footings in cohesionless soil.” Deep foundations, GSP 116, M. W. O’Neill and F. C. Townsend, eds., Vol. 2, ASCE, Reston, Va., 1275–1289.
Chen, Y.-J. (2006). “Evaluation of tip resistance for drilled shaft foundations.” Annual Rep. to the National Science Council of Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chen, Y.-J., and Kulhawy, F. H. (1994). “Case history evaluation of behavior of drilled shafts under axial and lateral loading.” Rep. TR-104601, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, Calif.
Chen, Y.-J., and Kulhawy, F. H. (2002b). “Evaluation of drained axial capacity of drilled shafts.” Deep foundations, GSP 116, M. W. O’Neill and F. C. Townsend, eds., Vol. 2, ASCE, Reston, Va., 1200–1214.
Chin, F. K. (1970). “Estimation of the ultimate load of piles not carried to failure.” Proc., 2nd Southeast Asian Conf. on Soil Engineering, Singapore, 81–90.
Cushing, A. G., and Kulhawy, F. H. (2001). “Undrained elastic behavior of drilled shaft foundations in cohesive soils.” Proc., 15th Int. Conf. Soil Mech., and Geotech. Engineering, Vol. 2, Balkema, Rotterdam, 873–876.
Cushing, A. G., and Kulhawy, F. H. (2002). “Drained elastic behavior of drilled shafts in cohesionless soils.” Deep foundations, GSP 116, M. W. O’Neill and F. C. Townsend, eds., Vol. 1, ASCE, Reston, Va., 22–36.
Davisson, M. T. (1972). “High capacity piles.” Proc., Lecture Series on Innovations in Foundation Construction, ASCE, Illinois Section, Chicago.
DeBeer, E. E. (1970). “Experimental determination of the shape factors of sand.” Geotechnique, 20(4), 387–411.
Duzceer, R., and Saglamer, A. (2002). “Evaluation of pile load test results.” Proc., 9th Int. Conf. on Piling and Deep Fndns, Deep Foundation Institute, Nice, France.
Fellenius, B. H. (1975). “Test loading of piles—Methods, interpretation, and new proof testing procedure.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., 101(9), 855–869.
Fellenius, B. H. (2006). Basics of Foundation Design, Electronic Ed., ⟨www.Fellenius.net⟩.
Fuller, F. M., and Hoy, H. E. (1970). “Pile load tests including quick load test method, conventional methods, and interpretations.” Highway Research Record, 333, Highway Research Board, Washington, D.C., 74–86.
Hirany, A., and Kulhawy, F. H. (1988). “Conduct and interpretation of load tests on drilled shaft foundations: detailed guidelines.” Rep. No. EL-5915(1), Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto.
Hirany, A., and Kulhawy, F. H. (1989). “Interpretation of load test on drilled shafts 1: Axial compression.” Foundation engineering: Current principles & practices, GSP 22, F. H. Kulhawy, ed., ASCE, New York, 1132–1149.
Hirany, A., and Kulhawy, F. H. (2002). “On the interpretation of drilled foundation load test results.” Deep foundations, GSP 116, M. W. O’Neill and F. C. Townsend, eds., Vol. 2, ASCE, Reston, Va., 1018–1028.
Jeon, S. S., and Kulhawy, F. H. (2001). “Evaluation of axial compression behavior of micropiles.” Foundations and ground improvement, GSP 113, T. L. Brandon, ed., ASCE, Reston, Va., 460–471.
Kulhawy, F. H. (2004). “On the axial behavior of drilled foundations.” Proc., GeoSupport 2004: Drilled Shafts, Micropiling, Deep Mixing, Remedial Methods, and Specialty Foundation Systems, GSP 124, J. P. Turner and P. W. Mayne, eds., ASCE, Reston, Va., 34–51.
Kulhawy, F. H., and Jeon, S. S. (1999). “Some observations on axial compression behavior of micropiles.” Proc., 2nd Int. Workshop on Micropiles, Ube, Japan, 89–92.
Kulhawy, F. H., O’Rourke, T. D., Stewart, J. P., and Beech, J. F. (1983). “Transmission line structure foundations for uplift-compression loading: Load test summaries.” Rep. No. EL-3160, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, Calif.
O’Rourke, T. D., and Kulhawy, F. H. (1985). “Observations on load tests on drilled shafts.” Drilled Piers and Caissons II, C. N. Baker, ed., ASCE, New York, 113–128.
Reese, L. C., and O’Neill, M. W. (1988). “Drilled shafts: Construction procedures and design methods.” Rep. No. FHWA-HI-88-042, Federal Highway Administration, McLean, Va.
Terzaghi, K., and Peck, R. B. (1967). Soil mechanics in engineering practice, 2nd Ed., Wiley, New York.
van der Veen, C. (1953). “The bearing capacity of a pile.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 2, Zurich, 85–90.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 135 • Issue 8 • August 2009
Pages: 1056 - 1069
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Nov 7, 2007
Accepted: Dec 29, 2008
Published online: Jul 15, 2009
Published in print: Aug 2009
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.