Technical Papers
Jun 7, 2018

Anisotropic Permeability of Coal Subjected to Cyclic Loading and Unloading

Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 18, Issue 8

Abstract

An experimental investigation on the anisotropic permeability of coal under cyclic loading and unloading conditions is presented in this article. The results show that coal permeability decreases with increasing hydrostatic stress. The relationship between coal permeability and applied stress was quantified using an improved power model. The cyclic loading and unloading were found to induce an irreversible permeability reduction, which tended to be diminished with increasing loading/unloading cycles. The anisotropic permeability of the studied coal is notable, and it was found to nonlinearly decrease with an increase of the angle between the direction of flow and the direction of bedding planes (θ). The relationship between permeability and θ can be quantified using an exponential model with an anisotropic parameter (λ). Several factors (e.g., loading cycles, stress) influencing the anisotropic permeability are discussed in this article.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Chinese Fundamental Research (973) Program through Grant 2015CB057906 and the partial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 51379200, 41572290, 41672281) and the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University (2017JC001).

References

Abbasi, S., T. N. Singh, and T. Pritchard. 2016. “Error and impact of porosity-permeability transform in tight reservoir.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 35 (Part A): 354–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.08.055.
Alexis, D. A., Z. T. Karpyn, T. Ertekin, and D. Crandall. 2015. “Fracture permeability and relative permeability of coal and their dependence on stress conditions.” J. Unconvention. Oil Gas Resour. 10: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juogr.2015.02.001.
An, H., X. R. Wei, G. X. Wang, P. Massarotto, F. Y. Wang, V. Rudolph, and S. D. Golding. 2015. “Modeling anisotropic permeability of coal and its effects on CO2 sequestration and enhanced coalbed methane recovery.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 152 (Part B): 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2015.09.013.
AQSIQ and MOHURD (General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China). 1999. Standard for tests method of engineering rock masses. Beijing: China Planning.
Beamish, B. B., and P. J. Crosdale. 1998. “Instantaneous outbursts in underground coal mines: An overview and association with coal type.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 35 (1–4): 27–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(97)00036-0.
Chen, D., Z. Pan, Z. Ye, B. Hou, D. Wang, and L. Yuan. 2016a. “A unified permeability and effective stress relationship for porous and fractured reservoir rocks.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 29: 401–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.01.034.
Chen, Y., K. Wei, W. Liu, S. Hu, R. Hu, and C. Zhou. 2016b. “Experimental characterization and micromechanical modelling of anisotropic slates.” Rock Mech. Rock Eng. 49 (9): 3541–3557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-016-1009-x.
Dewhurst, D. N., and A. F. Siggins. 2006. “Impact of fabric, microcracks and stress field on shale anisotropy.” Geophys. J. Int. 165 (1): 135–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.02834.x.
Dong, J., J. Hsu, W. Wu, T. Shimamoto, J. Hung, E. Yeh, Y. Wu, and H. Sone. 2010. “Stress-dependence of the permeability and porosity of sandstone and shale from TCDP Hole-A.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 47 (7): 1141–1157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2010.06.019.
Jasinge, D., P. G. Ranjith, and S. K. Choi. 2011. “Effects of effective stress changes on permeability of latrobe valley brown coal.” Fuel 90 (3): 1292–1300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.10.053.
Korsnes, R. I., E. Wersland, T. Austad, and M. V. Madland. 2008. “Anisotropy in chalk studied by rock mechanics.” J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 62 (1–2): 28–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2008.06.004.
Li, Y., D. Tang, H. Xu, Y. Meng, and J. Li. 2014. “Experimental research on coal permeability: The roles of effective stress and gas slippage.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 21: 481–488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2014.09.004.
Liu, J., Z. Chen, D. Elsworth, X. Miao, and X. Mao. 2010. “Linking gas-sorption induced changes in coal permeability to directional strains through a modulus reduction ratio.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 83 (1): 21–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2010.04.006.
Liu, Q., K. Liu, J. Zhu, and X. Lu. 2014. “Study of mechanical properties of raw coal under high stress with triaxial compression.” Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng. 33: 24–34.
Louis, L., C. David, V. Metz, P. Robion, B. Menéndez, and C. Kissel. 2005. “Microstructural control on the anisotropy of elastic and transport properties in undeformed sandstones.” Int. J. Rock. Mech. Min. Sci. 42 (7–8): 911–923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2005.05.004.
Ma, Y., Z. Pan, N. Zhong, L. D. Connell, D. I. Down, W. Lin, and Y. Zhang. 2016. “Experimental study of anisotropic gas permeability and its relationship with fracture structure of Longmaxi Shales, Sichuan Basin, China.” Fuel 180: 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.04.029.
Meng, Z., and G. Li. 2013. “Experimental research on the permeability of high-rank coal under a varying stress and its influencing factors.” Eng. Geol. 162: 108–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.04.013.
Meng, Y., Z. Li, and F. Lai. 2015. “Experimental study on porosity and permeability of anthracite coal under different stresses.” J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 133: 810–817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2015.04.012.
Palmer, I., and J. Mansoori. 1998. “How permeability depends on stress and pore pressure in coalbeds: A new model.” SPE Reservoir Eval. Eng. 1 (6): 539–544. https://doi.org/10.2118/52607-PA.
Pan, Z., and L. D. Connell. 2012. “Modelling permeability for coal reservoirs: A review of analytical models and testing data.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 92: 1–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2011.12.009.
Peng, Y., J. Liu, Z. Pan, L. D. Connell, Z. Chen, and H. Qu. 2017. “Impact of coal matrix strains on the evolution of permeability.” Fuel 189: 270–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.10.086.
Risnes, R., M. V. Madland, M. Hole, and N. K. Kwabiah. 2005. “Water weakening of chalk— Mechanical effects of water–glycol mixtures.” J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 48 (1–2): 21–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2005.04.004.
Seidle, J. P., M. W. Jeansonne, and D. J. Erickson. 1992. “Application of matchstick geometry to stress dependent permeability in coals.” In Proc., SPE Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting. Richardson, TX: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Sirdesai, N. N., T. N. Singh, and R. Gamage. 2017. “Thermal alterations in the poro-mechanical characteristic of an Indian sandstone—A comparative study.” Eng. Geol. 226: 208–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.06.010.
Siriwardane, H., I. Haljasmaa, R. Mclendon, G. Irdi, Y. Soong, and G. Bromhal. 2009. “Influence of carbon dioxide on coal permeability determined by pressure transient methods.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 77 (1–2): 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.08.006.
Talesnick, M. L., Y. H. Hatzor, and M. Tsesarsky. 2001. “The elastic deformability and strength of a high porosity, anisotropic chalk.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 38 (4): 543–555. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1365-1609(01)00024-7.
Tan, X., X. Li, J. Liu, L. Zhang, and Z. Fan. 2015. “Study of the effects of stress sensitivity on the permeability and porosity of fractal porous media.” Phys. Lett. A 379 (39): 2458–2465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2015.06.025.
Tan, Y., Z. Pan, J. Liu, Y. Wu, A. Haque, and L. D. Connell. 2017. “Experimental study of permeability and its anisotropy for shale fracture supported with proppant.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 44: 250–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2017.04.020.
Vishal, V., and T. N. Singh. 2015. “A laboratory investigation of permeability of coal to supercritical CO2.” Geotech. Geol. Eng. 33 (4): 1009–1016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-015-9882-8.
Walsh, J. B. 1981. “Effect of pore pressure and confining pressure on fracture permeability.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr. 18 (5): 429–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(81)90006-1.
Wang, S., D. Elsworth, and J. Liu. 2011. “Permeability evolution in fractured coal: The roles of fracture geometry and water-content.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 87 (1): 13–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2011.04.009.
Wang, S., D. Elsworth, and J. Liu. 2013. “Permeability evolution during progressive deformation of intact coal and implications for instability in underground coal seams.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 58: 34–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.09.005.
Wang, K., J. Zang, G. Wang, and A. Zhou. 2014. “Anisotropic permeability evolution of coal with effective stress variation and gas sorption: Model development and analysis.” Int. J. Coal Geol. 130: 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2014.05.006.
Xu, X., M. Sarmadivaleh, C. Li, B. Xie, and S. Iglauer. 2016. “Experimental study on physical structure properties and anisotropic cleat permeability estimation on coal cores from China.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 35 (Part A): 131–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.08.050.
Yang, D., X. Qi, W. Chen, S. Wang, and F. Dai. 2016. “Numerical investigation on the coupled gas-solid behavior of coal using an improved anisotropic permeability model.” J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng. 34: 226–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2016.06.058.
Yang, D., W. Wang, W. Chen, S. Wang, and X. Wang. 2017. “Experimental investigation on the coupled effect of effective stress and gas slippage on the permeability of shale.” Sci. Rep. 7: 44696. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44696.
Yin, G., C. Jiang, J. G. Wang, and J. Xu. 2015. “Geomechanical and flow properties of coal from loading axial stress and unloading confining pressure tests.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 76: 155–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2015.03.019.
Zeng, K., J. Xu, P. He, and C. Wang. 2011. “Experimental study on permeability of coal sample subjected to triaxial stresses.” Procedia Eng. 26: 1051–1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2273.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to International Journal of Geomechanics
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 18Issue 8August 2018

History

Received: Jul 18, 2017
Accepted: Mar 2, 2018
Published online: Jun 7, 2018
Published in print: Aug 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Nov 7, 2018

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Professor, State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]
Assistant Professor, Research Center of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Yangtze Univ., Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China. Email: [email protected].
Professor, State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; Research Centre of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering, Shandong Univ., Jinan, Shandong 250061, China. Email: [email protected]
Professor, Research Centre of Geotechnical and Structural Engineering, Shandong Univ., Jinan, Shandong 250061, China. Email: [email protected]
AssociateProfessor, State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share