Effects of Microfracture on Wave Propagation through Rock Mass
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17, Issue 9
Abstract
This paper presents an investigation of wave propagation through microfractured rock mass. The effects of microfracture on wave propagation were observed by a series of scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests and wave-velocity measurements. A spectrum analysis was introduced to analyze the attenuation coefficient and the wave number of seismic waves propagating through microfractured rock mass. The effects of fracture length, fracture quantity, and frequency of incident wave on the attenuation rate, effective velocity, attenuation coefficient, and wave number were numerically simulated and discussed. The results demonstrate that the attenuation rate, effective velocity, attenuation coefficient, and wave number are significantly influenced by the geometrical parameters of microfracture (e.g., length and quantity). In addition, the numerical manifold method (NMM) was validated as a method for investigating the dynamic behavior of heavy microfractured rock mass efficiently.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 11572282 and 41502283) is gratefully acknowledged.
References
An, X. M. (2010). “Extended numerical manifold method for engineering failure analysis.” Ph.D. thesis, Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore.
Bacon, C. (1998). “An experimental method for considering dispersion and attenuation in a viscoelastic Hopkinson bar.” Exp. Mech., 38(4), 242–249.
Chapman, M., Zatsepin, S. V., and Crampin, S. (2002). “Derivation of a microstructural poroelastic model.” Geophys. J. Int., 151(2), 427–451.
Eshelby, J. D. (1957). “The determination of the elastic field of an ellipsoidal inclusion, and related problems.” Proc. R. Soc. London A: Math., Phys. Eng. Sci., 241(1226), 376–396.
Fan, L. F., Ren, F., and Ma, G. W. (2012). “Experimental study on viscoelastic behavior of sedimentary rock under dynamic loading.” Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 45(3), 433–438.
Fan, L. F., and Wu, Z. J. (2016). “Evaluation of stress wave propagation through rock mass using a modified dominate frequency method.” J. Appl. Geophys., 132, 53–59.
Fan, L. F., Yi, X. W., and Ma, G. W. (2013). “Numerical manifold method (NMM) simulation of stress wave propagation through fractured rock mass.” Int. J. Appl. Mech., 5(2), 1350022.
Fu, G. Y., He, L., and Ma, G. W. (2010). “3D rock mass geometrical modeling with arbitrary discontinuities.” Int. J. Appl. Mech., 2(4), 871–887.
Grechka, V., and Kachanov, M. (2006). “Effective elasticity of rocks with closely spaced and intersecting cracks.” Geophysics, 71(3), D85–D91.
Jaeger, J. C., Cook, N. G. W., and Zimmerman, R. W. (2007). Fundamentals of rock mechanics, Blackwell, Malden, MA.
Jiao, Y. Y., Zhang, H. Q., Tang, H. M., Zhang, X. L., Adoko, A. C., and Tian, H. N. (2014). “Simulating the process of reservoir-impoundment-induced landslide using the extended DDA method.” Eng. Geol., 182, 37–48.
Jiao, Y. Y., Zhang, X. L., and Zhao, J. (2012). “Two-dimensional DDA contact constitutive model for simulating rock fragmentation.” J. Eng. Mech., 199–209.
Jiao, Y. Y., Zhang, X. L., Zhao, J., and Liu, Q. S. (2007). “Viscous boundary of DDA for modeling stress wave propagation in jointed rock.” Int.J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 44(7), 1070–1076.
Kundu, S., Prasad, R. M., Gupta, S., and Manna, S. (2016). “Propagation of torsional surface wave in an anisotropic porous medium over a dry sandy half-space.” Int. J. Geomech., 04015050.
Li, J. C., Li, H. B., Jiao, Y. Y., Liu, Y. Q., Xia, X., and Yu, C. (2014). “Analysis for oblique wave propagation across filled joints based on thin-layer interface model.” J. Appl. Geophys., 102, 39–46.
Li, J. C., Ma, G. W., and Zhao, J. (2010). “An equivalent viscoelastic model for rock mass with parallel joints.” J. Geophys. Res., 115(B3), B03305 .
Li, S., Cheng, Y., and Wu, F. (2005a). “Numerical manifold method based on the method of weighted residuals.” Comput. Mech., 35(6), 470–480.
Li, S. C., Li, S. C., and Cheng, Y. M. (2005b). “Enriched meshless manifold method for two-dimensional crack modeling.” Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech., 44(3), 234–248.
Liu, Z. J., and Zheng, H. (2016). “Two-dimensional numerical manifold method with multilayer covers.” Sci. China-Technol. Sci., 59(4), 515–530.
Liu, Z., Zheng, H., and Sun, C. (2016). “A domain decomposition based method for two-dimensional linear elastic fractures.” Eng. Anal. Boundary Elem., 66, 34–48.
Lundberg, B., and Blanc, R. H. (1988). “Determination of mechanical material properties from the two-point response of an impacted linearly viscoelastic rod specimen.” J. Sound Vib., 126(1), 97–108.
Ma, G. W., An, X. M., and He, L. (2010). “The numerical manifold method: A review.” Int. J. Comput. Methods, 7(1), 1–32.
Ma, L., Wang, X. Y., Feng, X. Q., and Yu, S. W. (2005). “Numerical analysis of interaction and coalescence of numerous microcracks.” Eng. Fract. Mech., 72(12), 1841–1865.
Mogilevskaya, S. G., Wang, J., and Crouch, S. L. (2007). “Numerical evaluation of the effective elastic moduli of rocks.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 44(3), 425–436.
Ning, Y. J., An, X. M., and Ma, G. W. (2011). “Footwall slope stability analysis with the numerical manifold method.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 48(6), 964–975.
Nishizawa, O. (1982). “Seismic velocity anisotropy in a medium containing oriented cracks transversely isotropic case.” J. Phys. Earth, 30(4), 331–347.
Nur, A., and Simmons, G. (1969). “Stress-induced velocity anisotropy in rock. An experimental study.” J. Geophys. Res., 74(27), 6667–6674.
O’Connell, R. J., and Budianski, B. (1974). “Seismic velocities in dry and saturated cracked solids.” J. Geophys. Res., 79, 5412–5425.
Pomeroy, C. D. (1956). “Creep in coal at room temperature.” Nature, 178(4527), 279–280.
Sayers, C. M., and Kachanov, M. (1991). “A simple technique for finding effective elastic constants of cracked solids for arbitrary crack orientation statistics.” Int. J. Solids. Struct., 27(6), 671–680.
Sogabe, Y., Kishida, K., and Nakagawa, K. (1982). “Wave propagation analysis for determining the dynamic properties of high damping alloys.” Bull. JSME, 25(201), 321–327.
Wu, W., Li, J. C., and Zhao, J. (2014). “Role of filling materials in a P-wave interaction with a rock fracture.” Eng. Geol., 172, 77–84.
Wu, W., Zhu, J. B., and Zhao, J. (2013a). “A further study on seismic response of a set of parallel rock fractures filled with viscoelastic materials.” Geophys. J. Int., 192(2), 671–675.
Wu, Z. J., and Fan, L. F. (2014). “The numerical manifold method for elastic wave propagation in rock with time-dependent absorbing boundary conditions.” Eng. Anal. Boundary Elem., 246, 41–50.
Wu, Z. J., Fan, L. F., Liu, Q. S., and Ma, G. W. (2016). “Micro-mechanical modeling of the macro-mechanical response and fracture behavior of rock using the numerical manifold method.” Eng. Geol.
Wu, Z. J., Wong, L. N. Y., and Fan, L. F. (2013b). “Dynamic study on fracture problems in viscoelastic sedimentary rocks using the numerical manifold method.” Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 46(6), 1415–1427.
Zhao, X. B., Zhao, J., Cai, J. G., and Hefny, A. M. (2008). “UDEC modelling on wave propagation across fractured rock masses.” Comput. Geotech., 35(1), 97–104.
Zheng, H., Liu, Z., and Ge, X. (2013). “Numerical manifold space of Hermitian form and application to Kirchhoff’s thin plate problems.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 95(9), 721–739.
Zheng, H. and Xu, D. (2014). “New strategies for some issues of numerical manifold method in simulation of crack propagation.” Int. J. Numer. Methods. Eng, 97(13), 986–1010.
Zhou, X. P. and Bi, J. (2016). “3D numerical study on the growth and coalescence of pre-existing flaws in rocklike materials subjected to uniaxial compression.” Int. J. Geomech., 04015096.
Zhou, X. P., Bi, J., and Qian, Q. H. (2015a). “Numerical simulation of crack growth and coalescence in rock-like materials containing multiple pre-existing flaws.” Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 48(3), 1097–1114.
Zhou, X. P., Gu, X. B., and Wang, Y. T. (2015b). “Numerical simulations of propagation, bifurcation and coalescence of cracks in rocks.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 80, 241–254.
Zhu, H., Wang, Q., and Zhuang, X. (2016). “A nonlinear semi-concurrent multiscale method for fractures.” Int. J. Impact Eng., 87, 65–82.
Zhuang, X., Chun, J., and Zhu, H. (2014). “A comparative study on unfilled and filled crack propagation for rock-like brittle material.” Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech., 72, 110–120.
Zimmerman, R. W. (1984). “The effects of pore structure on the pore and bulk compressibilities of consolidated sandstones.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 17 • Issue 9 • September 2017
Copyright
© 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 13, 2016
Accepted: Feb 21, 2017
Published online: Jun 16, 2017
Published in print: Sep 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Nov 16, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.