Simplified Mapping Rule for Bounding Surface Simulation of Complex Loading Paths in Granular Materials
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 14, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper presents a bounding surface plasticity model that can be used to simulate complex monotonic and cyclic loading paths. A new mapping rule that only uses the last stress reversal point is introduced to describe the stress-strain behavior of granular soils during loading and unloading. This mapping rule is easy to implement and is suitable for highly erratic cyclic loading conditions, e.g., those induced by earthquake or traffic loading. The application and performance of the model are demonstrated using the results of experimental tests with various stress paths conducted under both monotonic and cyclic loading conditions. The study shows the efficiency of the new mapping rule in capturing the characteristic features of the behavior of granular soils under various loading paths.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The first author is the recipient of the Endeavour Postgraduate Award funded by the Australian government via the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR). The support of DEEWR is gratefully acknowledged.
References
Arulmoli, K., Muraleetharan, K., Hossain, M., and Fruth, L. (1992). “VELACS: Verification of liquefaction analysis by centrifuge studies.” Laboratory Testing Program, Soil Data Rep., Earth Technology, Long Beach, CA.
Bardet, J. (1986). “Bounding surface plasticity model for sands.” J. Eng. Mech., 1198–1217.
Been, K., Jefferies, M., and Hachey, J. (1991). “The critical state of sands.” Geotechnique, 41(3), 365–381.
Chen, Y. R. (1995). “Behavior of a fine sand in triaxial, torsional and rotational shear tests.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of California, Davis, CA.
Crouch, R. S., and Wolf, J. P. (1994a). “Unified 3D critical state bounding-surface plasticity model for soils incorporating continuous plastic loading under cyclic paths. Part I: Constitutive relations.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 18(11), 735–758.
Crouch, R. S., and Wolf, J. P. (1994b). “Unified 3D critical state bounding-surface plasticity model for soils incorporating continuous plastic loading under cyclic paths. Part II: Calibration and simulations.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 18(11), 759–784.
Crouch, R. S., Wolf, J. P., and Dafalias, Y. (1994). “Unified critical-state bounding-surface plasticity model for soil.” J. Eng. Mech., 2251–2270.
Dafalias, Y. F., and Herrmann, L. R. (1980). “A bounding surface soil plasticity model.” Proc., Int. Symp. on Soils under Cyclic and Transient Loading, G. N. Pande and O. C. Zienkiewicz, eds., Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 335–345.
Dafalias, Y. F., and Popov, E. P. (1975). “A model of nonlinearly hardening materials for complex loading.” Acta Mech., 21(3), 173–192.
Dowell, M., and Jarratt, P. (1972). “The ‘Pegasus’ method for computing the root of an equation.” BIT Numer. Math., 12(4), 503–508.
Ishihara, K., Tatsuoka, F., and Yasuda, S. (1975). “Undrained deformation and liquefaction of sand under cyclic stresses.” Soils Found., 15(1), 29–44.
Khalili, N., Habte, M., and Valliappan, S. (2005). “A bounding surface plasticity model for cyclic loading of granular soils.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 63(14), 1939–1960.
Khalili, N., Habte, M., and Zargarbashi, S. (2008). “A fully coupled flow deformation model for cyclic analysis of unsaturated soils including hydraulic and mechanical hystereses.” Comput. Geotech., 35(6), 872–889.
Krieg, R. (1975). “A practical two surface plasticity theory.” J. Appl. Mech, 42(3), 641–646.
Kutter, B. L., Chen, Y. R., and Shen, C. (1994). “Triaxial and torsional shear test results for sand.” Contract Rep. CR 94.003-SHR, Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Port Hueneme, CA.
Ling, H. I., and Yang, S. (2006). “Unified sand model based on the critical state and generalized plasticity.” J. Eng. Mech., 1380–1391.
Pastor, M., Zienkiewicz, O., and Chan, A. (1990). “Generalized plasticity and the modelling of soil behaviour.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 14(3), 151–190.
Pradhan, T., Tatsuoka, F., Mohri, Y., and Sato, Y. (1989a). “An automated triaxial testing system using a simple triaxial cell for soils.” Soils Found., 29(1), 151–160.
Pradhan, T., Tatsuoka, F., and Sato, Y. (1989b). “Experimental stress-dilatancy relations of sand subjected to cyclic loading.” Soils Found., 29(1), 45–64.
Russell, A. R., and Khalili, N. (2004). “A bounding surface plasticity model for sands exhibiting particle crushing.” Can. Geotech. J., 41(6), 1179–1192.
Russell, A. R., and Khalili, N. (2006). “A unified bounding surface plasticity model for unsaturated soils.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 30(3), 181–212.
Saada, A., Puccini, P., and Bianchini, G. (1989). “Information package.” Constitutive equations for granular non-cohesive soils, A. Saada and G. Bianchini, eds., Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 81–87.
Sheng, D., Sloan, S., and Yu, H. (2000). “Aspects of finite element implementation of critical state models.” Comput. Mech., 26(2), 185–196.
Sloan, S. W., Abbo, A. J., and Sheng, D. (2001). “Refined explicit integration of elastoplastic models with automatic error control.” Eng. Comput., 18(1/2), 121–194.
Tatsuoka, F., and Ishihara, K. (1974). “Drained deformation of sand under cyclic stresses reversing direction.” Soils Found., 14(3), 51–65.
Verdugo, R., and Ishihara, K. (1996). “The steady state of sandy soils.” Soils Found., 36(2), 81–91.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 14 • Issue 2 • April 2014
Pages: 239 - 253
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 1, 2012
Accepted: Apr 5, 2013
Published online: Apr 8, 2013
Published in print: Apr 1, 2014
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.