Effect of Flame Inherent Instabilities and Turbulence on Flame Structural Characteristics
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 145, Issue 5
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of turbulence and inherent instabilities of flame on flame structural characteristics, experiments were conducted with a premixed flame at various equivalence ratios and turbulence intensities at atmospheric pressure and temperature. The convex and concave regions of the large-scale wrinkle in the flame front were extracted and quantitatively evaluated; wavelet transform was used to decompose disturbances in the flame front. The results show that with the development of the flame, the flame became unstable, the fluctuation range of the pulsating radius increased, the area and area ratio of the convex regions increased, and the average area and uniform degree of the convex and concave regions increased. As the turbulence intensity increased, the area and area ratio of the convex regions increased, the average area and uniform degree increased, and the disturbance energy at the same scale increased. Large-scale disturbances were the main factor affecting the flame’s structural characteristics. With the increase in equivalence ratio, the effect of thermal-diffusive instability and turbulence on flame structural characteristics was reduced, decreasing the fluctuation range of the pulsation radius. The interaction between disturbances of different scales in the flame front resulted in the uneven distribution of the pulsation radius.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51706014), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. 2017JBZ102 and 2019RC005).
References
Askari, M. H., M. Ashjaee, and S. Karaminejad. 2017a. “Experimental and numerical investigation of laminar burning velocity and combustion characteristics of biogas at high pressures.” Energy Fuels 31 (12): 14169–14179. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b02320.
Askari, O., A. Moghaddas, A. Alholm, K. Vien, and B. Alhazmi. 2016. “Laminar burning speed measurement and flame instability study of mixtures at high temperatures and pressures using a novel multi-shell model.” Combust. Flame 168 (1): 20–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.03.018.
Askari, O., Z. Wang, K. Vien, M. Sirio, and H. Metghalchi. 2017b. “On the flame stability and laminar burning speeds of syngas/O2/He premixed flame.” Fuel 190 (1): 90–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.042.
Bauwens, C., J. Bergthorson, and S. Dorofeev. 2017. “On the interaction of the Darrieus–Landau instability with weak initial turbulence.” Proc. Combust. Inst. 36 (2): 2815–2822. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.030.
Chiu, C. W., Y. C. Dong, and S. S. Shy. 2012. “High-pressure hydrogen/carbon monoxide syngas turbulent burning velocities measured at constant turbulent Reynolds numbers.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 37 (14): 10935–10946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.04.023.
Foucher, F., and C. Mounaïm-Rousselle. 2005. “Fractal approach to the evaluation of burning rates in the vicinity of the piston in a spark-ignition engine.” Combust. Flame 143 (3): 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.06.007.
Hagos, F. Y., A. R. A. Aziz, S. A. Sulaiman, and R. Mamat. 2017. “Effect of fuel injection timing of hydrogen rich syngas augmented with methane in direct-injection spark-ignition engine.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 42 (37): 23846–23855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.03.091.
Haq, M. Z., C. G. W. Sheppard, R. Woolley, D. A. Greenhalgh, and R. D. Lockett. 2002. “Wrinkling and curvature of laminar and turbulent premixed flames.” Combust. Flame 131 (1–2): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(02)00383-8.
Ichikawa, Y., Y. Otawara, H. Kobayashi, Y. Ogami, T. Kudo, and M. Okuyama. 2011. “Flame structure and radiation characteristics of turbulent premixed flames at high pressure.” Proc. Combust. Inst. 33 (1): 1543–1550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.05.068.
Ji, C., and S. Wang. 2010. “Experimental study on combustion and emissions performance of a hybrid hydrogen–gasoline engine at lean burn limits.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 35 (3): 1453–1462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.11.051.
Jiang, Y., G. Li, H. Li, L. Li, and F. Li. 2017. “Experimental study on the turbulent premixed flame structural characteristics based on the wavelet transform.” Energy Fuel 31 (12): 14237–14247. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b02792.
Jiang, Y., G. Li, H. Li, L. Li, and G. Zhang. 2018. “Effect of flame inherent instabilities on the flame geometric structure characteristics based on wavelet transform.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 43 (18): 9022–9035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.03.141.
Kan, X., D. Zhou, W. Yang, X. Q. Zhai, and C. H. Wang. 2018. “An investigation on utilization of biogas and syngas produced from biomass waste in premixed spark ignition engine.” Appl. Energy 212 (1): 210–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.12.037.
Kobayashi, H., Y. Otawara, J. Wang, F. Matsuno, Y. Ogami, M. Okuyama, T. Kudo, and S. Kadowaki. 2013. “Turbulent premixed flame characteristics of a mixture highly diluted with in a high-pressure environment.” Proc. Combust. Inst. 34 (1): 1437–1445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.05.048.
Li, F., G. Li, Y. Jiang, H. Li, and Z. Sun. 2017. “Study on the effect of flame instability on the flame structural characteristics of hydrogen/air mixtures based on the fast Fourier transform.” Energies 10 (5): 678–693. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10050678.
Li, H., G. Li, Y. Jiang, L. Li, and F. Li. 2018. “Flame stability and propagation characteristics for combustion in air for an equimolar mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in turbulent conditions.” Energy 157 (1): 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.101.
Li, H., G. Li, Z. Sun, Y. Yu, Y. Zhai, and Z. Zhou. 2014a. “Experimental investigation on laminar burning velocities and flame intrinsic instabilities of lean and stoichiometric mixtures at reduced, normal and elevated pressures.” Fuel 135 (11): 279–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.06.074.
Li, H., G. Li, Z. Sun, Y. Zhai, and Z. Zhou. 2014b. “Research on cellular instabilities of lean premixed syngas flames under various hydrogen fractions using a constant volume vessel.” Energies 7 (7): 4710–4726. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7074710.
Liu, C. C., S. S. Shy, C. W. Chiu, M. W. Peng, and H. J. Chung. 2011. “Hydrogen/carbon monoxide syngas burning rates measurements in high-pressure quiescent and turbulent environment.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36 (14): 8595–8603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.04.087.
Liu, F., X. Bao, J. Gu, and R. Chen. 2012. “Onset of cellular instabilities in spherically propagating hydrogen-air premixed laminar flames.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 37 (15): 11458–11465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.05.013.
Okafor, E. C., A. Hayakawa, Y. Nagano, and T. Kitagawa. 2014. “Effects of hydrogen concentration on premixed laminar flames of hydrogen–methane–air.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 39 (5): 2409–2417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.11.128.
Pareja, J., H. J. Burbano, A. Amell, and J. Carvajal. 2011. “Laminar burning velocities and flame stability analysis of hydrogen/air premixed flames at low pressure.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 36 (10): 6317–6324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.02.042.
Renou, B., A. Boukhalfa, D. Puechberty, and M. Trinité. 2000. “Local scalar flame properties of freely propagating premixed turbulent flames at various Lewis numbers.” Combust. Flame 123 (4): 507–521. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(00)00180-2.
Sarlia, V. D., and A. D. Benedettob. 2007. “Laminar burning velocity of hydrogen–methane/air premixed flames.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 32 (5): 637–646. http://doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.05.016.
Shy, S. S., C. C. Liu, J. Y. Lin, L. L. Chen, A. N. Lipatnikov, and S. I. Yang. 2015. “Correlations of high-pressure lean methane and syngas turbulent burning velocities: Effects of turbulent Reynolds, Damköhler, and Karlovitz numbers.” Proc. Combust. Inst. 35 (2): 1509–1516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.07.026.
Sun, Z. Y., and G. X. Li. 2017. “Propagation speed of wrinkled premixed flames within stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixtures under standard temperature and pressure.” Korean J. Chem. Eng. 34 (6): 1846–1857. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-017-0084-3.
Xie, Y., J. Wang, X. Nan, S. Yu, M. Zhang, and Z. H. Huang. 2014. “Thermal and chemical effects of water addition on laminar burning velocity of syngas.” Energy Fuels 28 (5): 3391–3398. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef4020586.
Yenerdag, B., N. Fukushima, M. Shimura, M. Tanahashi, and T. Miyauchi. 2015. “Turbulence–flame interaction and fractal characteristics of –air premixed flame under pressure rising condition.” Proc. Combust. Inst. 35 (2): 1277–1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.05.153.
Zhang, M., J. Wang, J. Wu, Z. Wei, Z. H. Huang, and H. Kobayashi. 2014a. “Flame front structure of turbulent premixed flames of syngas oxyfuel mixtures.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 39 (10): 5176–5185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.01.038.
Zhang, X., C. Tang, H. Yu, and Z. Haung. 2014b. “Flame-front instabilities of outwardly expanding isooctane/n-butanol blend–air flames at elevated pressures.” Energy Fuels 28 (3): 2258–2266. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef4025382.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 10, 2018
Accepted: Dec 14, 2018
Published online: Jun 17, 2019
Published in print: Oct 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Nov 17, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.