Abstract
While laboratory evidence suggests that particle crushing generates nonnegligible rate-dependence in granular materials, few constitutive laws reproduce such effects in light of grain-scale fracture mechanisms. This paper presents a continuum breakage model with adaptive fluidity aimed at simulating seamlessly the compression of crushable sands across loading regimes spanning both quasi-static and dynamic conditions. For this purpose, the macroscopic fluidity of the material is modeled through concepts inspired by dynamic fracture mechanics and granular solid hydrodynamics. Specifically, the relationship between dynamic grain-scale processes and bulk dissipation relies on the evolution of a state variable linked to microscale entropy fluctuations, here referred to as breakage temperature. The model performance is assessed by reproducing the results of Split-Hopkinson bar compression tests conducted at different strain rates. It is shown that, compared to a correspondent viscous-breakage model characterized by stationary fluidity, the incorporation of adaptive rate-dependence leads to an improved model performance, in that it enables the compression/breakage response to be captured accurately without ad hoc adjustments of the viscous properties.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. The data used to carry out the analyses were obtained from the available technical literature.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support of this work by the Solid Mechanics program of the US Army Research Office (Grant No. W911NF-18-1-0035).
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Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 147 • Issue 6 • June 2021
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 30, 2020
Accepted: Dec 28, 2020
Published online: Mar 25, 2021
Published in print: Jun 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Aug 25, 2021
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Adaptive systems
- Dynamic models
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid mechanics
- Grain (material)
- Granular materials
- Hydrologic engineering
- Material mechanics
- Material properties
- Materials engineering
- Model accuracy
- Models (by type)
- Simulation models
- Strain
- Strain rates
- Systems engineering
- Systems management
- Water and water resources
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