Technical Papers
Apr 17, 2017

Modeling of Minimum Void Ratio for Granular Soil with Effect of Particle Size Distribution

Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 143, Issue 9

Abstract

Minimum void ratio is an important soil property in the practice of geotechnical engineering. It correlates with the volume change tendency, the pore fluid conductivity, and the shear strength of the soil. Minimum void ratio for granular soil is highly dependent on its particle size distribution. However, very few analytical models are available for predicting minimum void ratios as a function of particle size distribution. This paper develops a mathematical model that can predict the minimum void ratio for granular soil with arbitrary particle size distribution based on a more fundamental approach using the concept of dominant particle network. The developed model is evaluated by the simulation results using a discrete element method (DEM) and by the experimental results on granular soil with four different gradations to illustrate the applicability of model. The results predicted by the model show very good agreement with the data from DEM simulations and experiments.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This work is supported by the National Science Foundation under research grant CMMI-1537491. The support is greatly acknowledged.

References

AASHTO. (1986). “Correction for coarse particles in the soil compaction test.” AASHTO T224–86, Washington, DC.
Aberg, B. (1992). “Void ratio of noncohesive soils and similar materials.” J. Geotech. Eng., 1315–1334.
An, X. Z. (2013). “Densification of the packing structure under vibrations.” Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 20(5), 499–503.
An, X. Z., Li, C. X., Yang, R. Y., Zou, R. P., and Yu, A. B. (2009). “Experimental study of the packing of mono-sized spheres subjected to one-dimensional vibration.” Powder Technol., 196(1), 50–55.
ASTM. (2006). “Standard test methods for maximum index density and unit weight of soils using a vibratory table.” ASTM D4253-00, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2011). “Standard practice for classification of soils for engineering purposes (unified soil classification system).” ASTM D2487-11, West Conshohocken, PA.
Bobei, D. C., Lo, S. R., Wanatowski, D., Gnanendran, C. T., and Rahman, M. M. (2009). “Modified state parameter for characterizing static liquefaction of sand with fines.” Can. Geotech. J., 46(3), 281–295.
Chang, C. S., Wang, J.-Y., and Ge, L. (2015). “Modeling of minimum void ratio for sand-silt mixtures.” Eng. Geol., 196, 293–304.
Cubrinovski, M., and Ishihara, K. (2002). “Maximum and minimum void ratio characteristics of sands.” Soils Found., 42(6), 65–78.
Edil, T. B., Krizek, R. J., and Zelasko, J. S. (1975). “Effect of grain characteristics on packing of sands.” Proc., Istanbul Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Istanbul Technical Univ., Istanbul, Turkey, 46–54.
Fragaszy, R. J., and Sneider, C. A. (1991). “Compaction control of granular soils.”, Washington State Dept. of Transportation, Olympia, WA.
Fuggle, A. R., Roozbahani, M. M., and Frost, J. D. (2014). “Size effects on the void ratio of loosely packed binary particle mixtures.” Geo-Congress 2014 Technical Papers, ASCE, Reston, VA, 129–138.
Humphres, H. W. (1957). “A method for controlling compaction of granular materials.”, Highway Research Board, Washington, DC.
Kezdi, A. (1979). Soil physics, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Lade, P. V., Liggio, C. D., and Yamamuro, J. A. (1998). “Effects of non-plastic fines on minimum and maximum void ratios of sand.” Geotech. Test. J., 21(4), 336–347.
Larrard, F. de. (1999). Concrete mixture proportioning: A scientific approach, CRC Press, New York.
McGeary, R. K. (1961). “Mechanical packing of spherical particles.” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 44(10), 513–522.
Miura, K., Maiida, K., Furukawa, M., and Toki, S. (1997). “Physical characteristics of sands with different primary properties.” Soils Found., 37(3), 53–64.
Norris, G. M. (1977). “The drained shear strength of uniform quartz sand as related to particle size and natural variation in particle shape and surface roughness.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA.
Patra, C. R., Sivakugan, N., Das, B. M., and Rout, S. K. (2013). “Correlations for relative density of clean sand with median grain size and compaction energy.” Int. J. Geotech. Eng., 4(2), 195–203.
Peters, J. F., and Berney, E. S. (2010). “Percolation threshold of sand-clay binary mixtures.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 310–318.
Powers, T. C. (1968). The properties of fresh concrete, Wiley, New York.
Reed, J. S. (1995). Principles of ceramics processing, 2nd Ed., Wiley, New York.
Rout, S. K. (2009). “Prediction of relative density of sand with particular reference to compaction energy.” National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India.
Selig, E., and Ladd, R. (1973). “Evaluation of relative density measurements and applications.” Evaluation of relative density and its role in geotechnical projects involving cohesionless soils, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 487–18.
Shen, S., and Yu, H. (2011). “Characterize packing of aggregate particles for paving materials: Particle size impact.” Constr. Build. Mater., 25(3), 1362–1368.
Smith, L. (2013). “Knowledge based system for powder metallurgy.” Powder Metall., 46(1), 9–10.
Stovall, T., de Larrard, F., and Buil, M. (1986). “Linear packing density model of grain mixtures.” Powder Technol., 48(1), 1–12.
Vallejo, L. E. (2001). “Interpretation of the limits in shear strength in binary granular mixtures.” Can. Geotech. J., 38(5), 1097–1104.
Youd, T. (1973). “Factors controlling maximum and minimum densities of sands.” Evaluation of relative density and its role in geotechnical projects involving cohesionless soils, ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA.
Yu, A. B., and Standish, N. (1987). “Porosity calculations of multi-component mixtures of spherical particles.” Powder Technol., 52(3), 233–241.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 143Issue 9September 2017

History

Received: May 23, 2016
Accepted: Jan 26, 2017
Published ahead of print: Apr 17, 2017
Published online: Apr 18, 2017
Published in print: Sep 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Sep 18, 2017

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Ching S. Chang [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-0724 (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
Yibing Deng [email protected]
Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-0724. E-mail: [email protected]
Zhenning Yang [email protected]
Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-0724. E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share