Water Hammer Analysis and Parameter Estimation in Polymer Pipes with Weak Strain-Rate Feedback
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 142, Issue 8
Abstract
A closed-form, multiple-scales, analytic approximation of a Kelvin-Voight viscoelastic model is developed to describe water hammer pressure wave attenuation in polymer pipe. The analytical results show that the evolution of water hammer for the single-pipe experiment considered in this paper is described by the Kelvin-Voight model as a weak strain-rate feedback occurring over three timescales. The wave transit and frictional timescales are augmented by a third intermediate timescale governed by the weakness of the strain-rate feedback. The scaling analysis also shows that, for weak strain-rate feedback, it is possible to use an optimization approach to estimate the scale of Kelvin-Voight parameters without experimental data. The optimal choice for weakness of the strain-rate feedback also determines the extent to which a weak strain-rate feedback description may be appropriate to describe an experimental design.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Bender, C. M., and Orzsag, S. A. (1978). Advanced mathematical methods for scientists and engineers, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Bergant, A., Hou, Q., Keramat, A., and Tijsseling, A. S. (2013). “Waterhammer tests in a long PVC pipeline with short steel end sections.” J. Hydraul. Struct., 1(1), 23–34.
Bergant, A., Tijsseling, A. S., Vitkovsky, J. P., Covas, D. I. C., Simpson, A. R., and Lambert, M. F. (2008a). “Parameters affecting water-hammer wave attenuation, shape, and timing. Part I: Mathematical tools.” IAHR J. Hydraul. Res., 46(3), 373–381.
Bergant, A., Tijsseling, A. S., Vitkovsky, J. P., Covas, D. I. C., Simpson, A. R., and Lambert, M. F. (2008b). “Parameters affecting water-hammer wave attenuation, shape, and timing. Part II: Case studies.” IAHR J. Hydraul. Res., 46(3), 382–391.
Brunone, B., and Berni, A. (2010). “Wall shear stress in transient turbulent pipe flow by local velocity measurement.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 716–726.
Brunone, B., Karney, B. W., Mecarelli, M., and Ferrante, M. (2000). “Velocity profiles and unsteady pipe friction in transient flow.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 236–244.
Covas, D., Stoianov, I., Mano, J. F., Ramos, H., Graham, N., and Maksimovic, C. (2004). “The dynamic effect of pipe-wall viscoelasticity in hydraulic transients. Part I—Experimental analysis and creep characterization.” J. Hydraul. Res., 42(5), 517–532.
Covas, D., Stoianov, I., Mano, J. F., Ramos, H., Graham, N., and Maksimovic, C. (2005). “The dynamic effect of pipe-wall viscoelasticity in hydraulic transients. Part II—Model development, calibration and verification.” J. Hydraul. Res., 43(1), 56–70.
Das, D., and Arakeri, J. H. (1998). “Transition of unsteady velocity profiles with reverse flow.” J. Fluid Mech., 374, 251–283.
Duan, H., Ghidaoui, M., Lee, P., and Tung, Y. (2010). “Unsteady friction and visco-elasticity in pipe fluid transients.” J. Hydraul. Res., 48(3), 354–362.
Evangelista, S., Leopardi, A., Pignatelli, R., and de Marinis, G. (2015). “Hydraulic transients in viscoelastic branched pipelines.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 04015016.
Ghidaoui, M. S., and Kolyshkin, A. A. (2001). “Stability analysis of velocity profiles in water hammer flows.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 499–512.
Ghilardi, P., and Paoletti, A. (1986). “Additional viscoelastic pipes as pressure surges suppressors.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on Pressure Surges, BHRA Association, 113–121.
Keramat, A., Ti, A., Hou, Q., and Ahmadi, A. (2012). “Fluid structure interaction with pipe wall viscoelasticity during waterhammer.” J. Fluids Struct., 28, 434–455.
Meniconi, S., Brunone, B., and Ferrante, M. (2012). “Water-hammer pressure waves interaction at cross-section changes in series in viscoelastic pipes.” J. Fluids Struct., 33, 44–58.
Meniconi, S., Brunone, B., Ferrante, M., and Massari, C. (2013). “Numerical and experimental investigation of leaks in viscoelastic pressurized pipe flow.” Drink. Water Eng. Sci., 6(1), 11–16.
Mitosek, M., and Chorzelski, M. (2003). “Influence of visco-elasticity on pressure wave velocity in polyethylene MDPE pipe.” Archiv. Hydro-Eng. Environ. Mech., 50(2), 127–140.
Pezzinga, G., Brunone, B., Cannizzaro, D., Ferrante, M., Meniconi, S., and Berni, A. (2014). “Two-dimensional features of viscoelastic models of pipe transients.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 04014036.
Ramos, H., Covas, D., and Borga, A. (2004). “Surge damping analysis in pipe systems: Modelling and experiments.” J. Hydraulic Res., 42(4), 413–425.
Tijsseling, A. S., and Vardy, A. E. (2004). “Time scales and fsi in unsteady liquid-filled pipe flow.” Proc., 9th Int. Conf. on Pressure Surges, Chester, U.K., 135–150.
Wabha, E. (2009). “Turbulence modeling for two-dimensional water hammer simulations in the low Reynolds number range.” Comput. Fluids, 38(9), 1763–1770.
Weinerowska-Bords, K. (2006). “Viscoelastic model of waterhammer in single pipeline—Problems and questions.” Archiv. Hydro-Eng. Environ. Mech., 53(4), 331–351.
Wylie, E. B., and Streeter, V. L. (1993). Fluid transients in systems, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Yao, E., Kember, G., and Hansen, D. (2014). “Analysis of water hammer attenuation in the Brunone model of unsteady friction.” Q. Appl. Math., 72(2), 281–290.
Yao, E., Kember, G. C., and Hansen, D. (2015). “Analysis of water hammer attenuation in applications with varying valve closure times.” J. Eng. Mech., 04014107.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 142 • Issue 8 • August 2016
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 6, 2015
Accepted: Feb 19, 2016
Published online: Apr 13, 2016
Published in print: Aug 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Sep 13, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.