Technical Papers
May 15, 2013

Axisymmetric Lower-Bound Limit Analysis Using Finite Elements and Second-Order Cone Programming

Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 140, Issue 2

Abstract

In this paper, the formulation of a lower-bound limit analysis for axisymmetric problems by means of finite elements leads to an optimization problem with a large number of variables and constraints. For the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, it is shown that these axisymmetric problems can be solved by second-order cone programming (SOCP). First, a brief introduction to SOCP is given and how axisymmetric lower-bound limit analysis can be formulated in this way is described. Through the use of an efficient toolbox (MOSEK or SDPT3), large-scale SOCP problems can be solved in minutes on a desktop computer. The method is then applied to estimate the collapse load of circular footings and uplift capacity of single or multiplate circular anchors. By comparing the present analysis with the results reported in the literature, it is shown that the results obtained from the proposed method are accurate and computationally more efficient than the numerical lower-bound limit analysis incorporated with linear programming.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

ABAQUS 6.5 [Computer software]. Pawtucket, RI, Hibbitt, Karlsson, & Sorenson.
A. B. Chance. (1996). “Helical pier foundation systems.” Technical manual, Bulletin 01-9601, Centralia, MO.
Alizadeh, F., and Goldfarb, D. (2003). “Second-order cone programming.” Math. Program., 95(1), 3–51.
Bottero, A., Negre, R., Pastor, J., and Turgeman, S. (1980). “Finite element method and limit analysis theory for soil mechanics problem.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 22(1), 131–149.
Cassidy, M. J., and Houlsby, G. T. (2002). “Vertical bearing capacity factors for conical footings on sand.” Geotechnique, 52(9), 687–692.
Ciria, H., Peraire, J., and Bonet, J. (2008). “Mesh adaptive computation of upper and lower bounds in limit analysis.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 75(8), 899–944.
Cox, A. D., Eason, G., and Hopkins, H. G. (1961). “Axially symmetric plastic deformations in soils.” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 254(1036), 1–45.
De Simone, P. (1985). “Bearing capacity of a circular footing on a Coulomb medium.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on Numerical Methods in Geomechanics, Vol. 2, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 829–836.
Erickson, H. L., and Drescher, A. (2002). “Bearing capacity of circular footings.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 38–43.
Hjiaj, M., Lyamin, A. V., and Sloan, S. W. (2005). “Numerical limit analysis solutions for the bearing capacity factor Nγ.” Int. J. Solids Struct., 42(5–6), 1681–1704.
International Code Council. (2009). International building code, Falls Church, VA.
Khatri, V. N., and Kumar, J. (2009a). “Bearing capacity factor Nc under ϕ=0 condition for piles in clays.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 33(9), 1203–1225.
Khatri, V. N., and Kumar, J. (2009b). “Vertical uplift resistance of circular plate anchors in clays under undrained condition.” Comput. Geotech., 36(8), 1352–1359.
Krabbenhøft, K., Lyamin, A. V., and Sloan, S. W. (2008). “Three-dimensional Mohr-Coulomb limit analysis using semidefinite programming.” Commun. Numer. Methods Eng., 24(11), 1107–1119.
Kumar, J., and Khatri, V. N. (2008). “Effect of footing roughness on lower bound Nγ value.” Int. J. Geomech., 176–187.
Kumar, J., and Khatri, V. N. (2011). “Bearing capacity factors of circular foundations for a general c-ϕ soil using lower bound finite elements limit analysis.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 35(3), 393–405.
Kupferman, M. (1965). “The vertical holding capacity of marine anchors in clay subjected to static and cyclic loading.” M.S. thesis, Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA.
Loukidis, D., Chakraborty, T., and Salgado, R. (2008). “Bearing capacity of strip footings on purely frictional soil under eccentric and inclined loads.” Can. Geotech. J., 45, 768–787.
Lyamin, A. V., and Sloan, S. W. (2002). “Lower bound limit analysis using non-linear programming.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 55(5), 573–611.
Makrodimopoulos, A., and Martin, C. M. (2006). “Lower bound limit analysis of cohesive-frictional materials using second-order cone programming.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 66(4), 604–634.
Martin, C. M. (2004). “ABC-analysis of bearing capacity.” 〈www.civil.eng.ox.ac.uk/people/cmm/software/abc〉 (Oct. 17, 2011).
Martin, C. M., and Makrodimopoulos, A. (2008). “Finite-element limit analysis of Mohr-Coulomb materials in 3D using semidefinite programming.” J. Eng. Mech., 339–347.
MATLAB 7.10.0 [Computer software]. Natick, MA, MathWorks.
Merifield, R. S. (2002). “Numerical modeling of soil anchors.” Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Merifield, R. S. (2011). “Ultimate uplift capacity of multiplate helical type anchors in clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 704–716.
Merifield, R. S., Lyamin, A. V., Sloan, S. W., and Yu, H. S. (2003). “Three-dimensional lower bound solutions for stability of plate anchors in clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 243–253.
Milani, G., and Lourenço, P. B. (2009). “A discontinuous quasi-upper bound limit analysis approach with sequential linear programming mesh adaptation.” Int. J. Mech. Sci., 51(1), 89–104.
MOSEK ApS. (2011). The MOSEK optimization tools manual version 6.0 (revision 122), 〈http://www.mosek.com〉 (May 4, 2011).
Pastor, J., Thoré, Ph., and Pastor, F. (2010). “Limit analysis and numerical modeling of spherically porous solids with Coulomb and Drucker-Prager matrices.” J. Comput. Appl. Math., 234(7), 2162–2174.
Pastor, J., and Turgeman, S. (1982). “Limit analysis in axisymmetrical problems: Numerical determination of complete statical solutions.” Int. J. Mech. Sci., 24(2), 95–117.
Rowe, R. K., and Davis, E. H. (1982). “The behavior of anchor plates in clay.” Geotechnique, 32(1), 9–23.
Sloan, S. W. (1988). “Lower bound limit analysis using finite elements and linear programming.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 12(1), 61–77.
Toh, K. C., Todd, M. J., and Tütüncü, R. H. (1999). “SDPT3—A MATLAB software package for semidefinite programming.” Optim. Methods Software, 11(1–4), 545–581.
Trillat, M., and Pastor, J. (2005). “Limit analysis and Gurson’s model.” Eur. J. Mech.-A/Solids, 24, 800–819.
Tütüncü, R. H., Toh, K. C., and Todd, M. J. (2003). “Solving semidefinite-quadratic-linear programming using SDPT3.” Math. Program., 95(2), 189–217.
Ukritchon, B., Whittle, A. W., and Klangvijit, C. (2003). “Calculation of bearing capacity factor Nγ using numerical limit analysis.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 468–474.
Wang, D., Hu, Y. X., and Randolph, M. F. (2010). “Three-dimensional large deformation finite-element analysis of plate anchors in uniform clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 355–365.
Yu, H. S. (2000). Cavity expansion methods in geomechanics, Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 140Issue 2February 2014
Pages: 268 - 278

History

Received: Jul 6, 2012
Accepted: May 13, 2013
Published online: May 15, 2013
Published in print: Feb 1, 2014

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Research Scholar, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Univ. of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-03, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore 117576 (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]
Kim-Chuan Toh
Professor, Dept. of Mathematics, National Univ. of Singapore, 10 Lower Kent Ridge Rd., Singapore 119076.
Kok-Kwang Phoon, F.ASCE
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Univ. of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-03, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore 117576.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share