Dynamic Response of Retrofitted Masonry Walls for Blast Loading
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 136, Issue 7
Abstract
A full-scale blast test was conducted on eight masonry walls reinforced with two and four layers of carbon fibers and two types of polymer matrices. The walls were then subjected to a 0.45-kg pentolite booster suspended from the ceiling of a test structure. The pressure-time history caused by the blast and the resulting displacement response were measured during the test. This paper presents a summary of the test program and the corresponding results from a nonlinear single degree of freedom analysis. The results provide a basis for determining effective means of retrofitting existing masonry walls and designing new structures to withstand blast loads. The paper also outlines a fiber-reinforced polymer retrofit design procedure for walls subjected to blast loading.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers acknowledge Richard Overly of the Energetic Materials Research Testing Center and Mr. Kenny Martinez of the University of New Mexico for their assistance during the field test.
References
AMPTIAC Quarterly. (2002). “Protecting people at risk: How DOD research reduces impact of terrorism debris.” Alion Science and Technology, 6(4), 11–15.
ASCE. (1997). Design of blast resistant buildings in petrochemical facilities, ASCE, New York.
ASCE. (1999). Structural design for physical security, ASCE, Reston, Va.
Baker, W. E. (1973). Explosions in air, University of Texas Press, Austin, Tex.
Caulder, J. (2005). “UFC 4-023-02: Retrofit of existing buildings to resist explosive effects.” Proc., Tri-Service Infrastructure Systems Conf., DTIC, St. Louis.
Chopra, A. K. (2001). Dynamics of structures, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, N.J.
Connell, J. D. (2002). “Evaluation of elastomeric polymers for retrofit of unreinforced masonry walls subjected to blast.” MS thesis, Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham, Ala.
Davidson, J. S., Porter, J. R., Dinan, R. J., Hammons, M. I., and Connell, J. D. (2004). “Explosive testing of polymer retrofit masonry walls.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 18(2), 100–106.
Department of Defense (DoD). (2003). Unified facilities criteria (UFC 4-010-01): DOD minimum antiterrorism standards for buildings, DoD, Washington, D.C.
Giancaspro, J., Balaguru, P., and Lyon, R. (2004). “Fire protection of flammable materials utilizing geopolymer.” SAMPE J., 40(5), 42–49.
Hall, J. D., Schuman, P. M., and Hamilton, H. R.,III (2002). “Ductile anchorage for connecting FRP strengthening of under-reinforced masonry buildings.” J. Compos. Constr., 6(1), 3–10.
Hamoush, S. A., McGinley, M. W., Mlakar, P., Scott, D., and Murray, K. (2001). “Out-of-plane strengthening of masonry walls with reinforced composites.” J. Compos. Constr., 5(3), 139–145.
Holberg, A. M. (2000). “FRP/steel strengthening of unreinforced concrete masonry shear walls.” MS thesis, Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo.
Maji, A. K., and Brown, J. P. (2005). “Analysis of a full-scale blast test and retrofit design.” Proc., 11th Int. Conf. on Fracture, ICF, Turin, Italy.
Maji, A. K., Brown, J. P., and Urgessa, G. (2008). “Full-scale testing and analysis for blast-resistant design.” J. Aerosp. Eng., 21(4), 217–225.
Smith, P. D., and Hetherington, J. G. (1994). Blast and ballastic loading of structures, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, U.K.
Tan, K. H., and Patoary, M. K. H. (2004). “Strengthening of masonry walls against out-of-plane loads using fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcement.” J. Compos. Constr., 8(1), 79–87.
Triantafillou, T. (1998). “Strengthening of masonry structures using epoxy-bonded FRP laminates.” J. Compos. Constr., 2(2), 96–104.
Tumialan, J. G., Galati, N., and Nanni, A. (2003). “Field assessment of unreinforced masonry walls strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymer laminates.” J. Struct. Eng., 129(8), 1047–1056.
Velazquez-Dimas, J. I., and Ehsani, M. R. (2000). “Modeling out-of-plane behavior of URM walls retrofitted with fiber composites.” J. Compos. Constr., 4(4), 172–180.
Ward, S. P. (2004). “Retrofitting existing masonry buildings to resist explosions.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 18(2), 95–99.
Zel’dovich, Y. B., and Raizer, Y. P. (2002). Physics of shock waves and high-temperature hydrodynamic phenomena, Dover, Mineola, N.Y.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 136 • Issue 7 • July 2010
Pages: 858 - 864
Copyright
© 2010 ASCE.
History
Received: Oct 13, 2008
Accepted: Dec 11, 2009
Published online: Dec 18, 2009
Published in print: Jul 2010
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.