Performance of a Carbon Dioxide Injection System at a Navigation Lock to Control the Spread of Aquatic Invasive Species
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 4
Abstract
Natural resource agencies need effective strategies to control the spread of aquatic invasive species (AIS) such as invasive fish, which can expand their range using rivers as hydrological pathways to access new areas. Lock and dam structures within major rivers are prospective locations to deploy techniques, such as carbon dioxide () infusion into lock water, that could impede upstream AIS migration without disrupting vessel passage and lock operation. The current pesticide label for in the United States allows injections of as a behavioral deterrent treatment for invasive carps. This research describes the first operationalizing and testing of a injection and manifold distribution system at a 1,548,000-L navigation lock chamber on the Fox River near Kaukauna, Wisconsin, USA. Two chemical distribution manifolds located on the floor and wall of the chamber were independently tested to quantify mixing time, mixing homogeneity, injection efficiency, and operational power requirements under a range of operating parameters. Both manifold configurations were able to meet most performance benchmarks established during previous fish behavior studies. Certain limitations were exhibited and quantified for both manifold configurations in terms of mixing homogeneity and operational power. This research details the design and performance of infusion systems that could be used to deter the spread of AIS at navigation pinch-points. These results may inform future system designs and operating conditions to support natural resource management plans to limit the spread of AIS.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This project was funded with a US Geological Survey Cooperative Agreement (G16AC00043) between the USGS Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center and the University of Wisconsin-Platteville. The authors thank personnel from the US Geological Survey, US Army Corps of Engineers, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, University of Illinois, and University of Wisconsin-Platteville for their feedback and advice throughout this project. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government.
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Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 4 • April 2022
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This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Received: May 24, 2021
Accepted: Dec 13, 2021
Published online: Feb 10, 2022
Published in print: Apr 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Jul 10, 2022
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