A Usable Kinetic Model of Suspended Ion Exchange Processes for Natural Organic Matter Removal
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 12
Abstract
The suspended ion exchange (SIEX) process is an emerging technology for the removal of dissolved natural organic matter (NOM). To facilitate the SIEX selection, design, and operation, a usable mechanistic model is proposed. The simple kinetic model unifies the Lagergren equation and the Glueckauf model and has analytical solutions for common SIEX processes. It is shown, through comparison with experimental data, that the proposed model describes SIEX effectively. The plug-flow and the mixed-flow processes, such as SIX and MIEX, treat the removable NOM well. At (removable NOM) removal efficiency above 50%, though, both SIEX processes increasingly run into poor resin capacity utilization due to the process thermodynamic constraint and, to a lesser extent, the kinetic effect. The choice of chloride-form or bicarbonate-form resin has little effect on the adsorption distribution constant of removable NOM. Replacing chloride with bicarbonate as the counterion, however, increases the nonremovable NOM fraction, i.e., causes an additional amount of NOM unable to access the adsorption sites. The result of counterion binding suggests that the nonremovable NOM fraction is just a mixture of the NOM compounds that have insufficient affinity to displace resin counterion from adsorption sites and raises question on the hypothesis in the literature that attributes the nonremovable NOM to the uncharged NOM species only.
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Data Availability Statement
All of the data, models, and/or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 147 • Issue 12 • December 2021
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: May 4, 2021
Accepted: Sep 5, 2021
Published online: Oct 8, 2021
Published in print: Dec 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Mar 8, 2022
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