Effect of Biological Activities on Selenium Removal by Continuous-Flow Reactors Packed with Alum-Impregnated Activated Alumina
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 6
Abstract
Se(VI) and Se(IV) are the two major species of selenium in water. They are toxic to aquatic lives and human beings at high levels. Biological reduction of Se(VI) is a two-stage process, first from Se(VI) to Se(IV) and then to Se(0) with potential accumulation of the more toxic Se(IV) due to the slower rate of the second stage. Activated alumina, on the other hand, is more effective for Se(IV) adsorption than Se(VI). In this study, the effect of biological activities on selenium removal was investigated using continuous-flow reactors packed with alum-impregnated activated alumina (AIAA) and cultured with a Se(VI)-reducing strain, Shigella fergusonii strain TB42616, under various influent Se(VI) concentrations and hydraulic retention times (HRTs). A selenium removal efficiency of 92% was achieved in a bioreactor with initial biomass of AIAA after a 70-day operation period. Little improvement was observed by lowering the influent Se(VI) concentration from 50 to , while the removal efficiency was significantly enhanced by either extending the HRT from 3.2 to 5.0 days or increasing the attached biomass during the startup. An increase in mass ratios of Se(VI) reduction by immobilized cells to adsorption by AIAA was also observed from to with increasing cell mass during the operation.
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Data Availability Statement
Data in Figs. 2, 4, and 5 are available from the corresponding author by request.
Acknowledgments
This research is supported by a grant awarded to Yi-Tin Wang from the Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute and a teaching assistantship to Yuxia Ji from the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Kentucky. We appreciated Dr. Jordan Burgess for his assistance in BET analysis and Dr. Nicolas Briot for his technical help in scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 146 • Issue 6 • June 2020
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©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 1, 2019
Accepted: Nov 8, 2019
Published online: Mar 26, 2020
Published in print: Jun 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Aug 26, 2020
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