Calibration Procedure of the Biological Nutrient Removal Model Number 1
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 2
Abstract
Activated sludge model calibration based on dynamic data of the biological process is a frequently used methodology. However, because dynamic measurement campaigns are expensive and time-consuming, adequate planning is needed. A poor adjustment of model parameters will be achieved if variables less sensitive to parameter perturbations are included in the calibration procedure. Therefore, a procedure based on sensitivity analysis of the Biological Nutrient Removal Model Number 1 (BNRM1), which takes into account physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur in a wastewater-treatment plant (WWTP), has been carried out in this work to select the model variables that are greatly affected by parameter perturbations. These variables should be sampled to perform the dynamic calibration of the BNRM1 model. In addition, a comprehensive study of the most influential parameters has been carried out to understand the linked effects that occur in the BNRM1 model.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The financial support from the MEYC (Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Spain) through project CTM2005-06919-C03-02 is gratefully acknowledged.
References
APHA (American Public Health Association). (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 21st Ed., Washington, DC.
Brun, R., Kuhni, M., Siegrist, H., Gujer, W., and Reichert, P. (2002). “Practical identifiability of ASM2d parameters: Systematic selection and tuning of parameter subsets.” Water Res., 36(16), 4113–4127.
Brun, R., Reichert, P., and Kunsch, H. R. (2001). “Practical identifiability analysis of large environmental simulation models.” Water Resour. Res., 37(4), 1015–1030.
DESASS version 1.0 [Computer software]. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, EPSAR, Valencia, Spain.
Ferrer, J., et al. (2008). “DESASS: A software tool for designing, simulating and optimising WWTPs.” Environ. Model Software, 23(1), 19–26.
Ferrer, J., Morenilla, J. J., Bouzas, A., and Garcia-Usach, F. (2004). “Calibration and simulation of two large wastewater treatment plants operated for nutrient removal.” Water Sci. Technol., 50(6), 87–94.
Filipe, C. D. M., Daigger, G. T., and Grady, C. P. L., Jr. (2001). “Effects of pH on the rates of aerobic metabolism of phosphate accumulating organisms and glycogen accumulating organisms.” Water Environ. Res., 73(2), 213–222.
Grady, C. P. L., Jr., Daigger, G. T., Lim, H. C. (1999). Biological wastewater treatment, 2nd Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York.
Henze, M., et al. (1999). “Activated sludge model No. 2d, ASM2d.” Water Sci. Technol., 39(1), 165–182.
Henze, M., Harremoës, P., LaCour Jansen, J., and Arvin, E. (1997). Wastewater treatment: Biological and chemical processes, Springer, Heidelberg, Germany.
Hu, Z., Wentzel, M. C., and Ekama, G. A. (2007). “A general kinetic model for biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems: Model evaluation.” Biotechnol. Bioeng., 98(6), 1259–1275.
Insel, G., Sin, G., Lee, D., Nopens, I., and Vanrolleghem, P. A. (2006). “A calibration methodology and model-based systems analysis for SBRs removing nutrients under limited aeration conditions.” J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 81(4), 679–687.
Jeon, C. O., and Park, J. M. (2000). “Enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor supplied with glucose as a sole carbon source.” Water Res., 34(7), 2160–2170.
Jeon, C. O., Seung, H. W., and Park, J. M. (2003). “Microbial communities of activated sludge performing enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor supplied with glucose.” J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 13(3), 385–393.
Knightes, C. D., and Peters, C. A. (2000). “Statistical analysis of nonlinear parameter estimation for monod biodegradation kinetics using bivariate data.” Biotechnol. Bioeng., 69(2), 160–170.
Langergraber, G., et al. (2004). “A guideline for simulation studies of wastewater treatment plants.” Water Sci. Technol., 50(7), 131–138.
Liu, W., Nakamura, K., Matsuo, T., and Mino, T. (1997). “Internal energy-based competition between polyphosphate and glycogen accumulating bacteria in biological phosphorus removal reactors: Effect of P/C feeding ratio.” Water Res., 31(6), 1430–1438.
Makinia, J., Rosenwinkel, K., and Spering, V. (2005). “Long-term simulation of the activated sludge process at the Hanover-Gümmerwald pilot WWTP.” Water Res., 39(8), 1489–1502.
Makinia, J., Rosenwinkel, K., and Spering, V. (2006). “Comparison of two model concepts for simulation of nitrogen removal at a full-scale biological nutrient removal pilot plant.” J. Environ. Eng., 476–487.
Manga, J., Ferrer, J., Seco, A., and García-Usach, F. (2003). “Design of nutrient removal activated sludge systems.” Water Sci. Technol., 47(11), 115–122.
Manz, W., Amann, R., Ludwig, W., Wagner, M., and Schleifer, K. H. (1992). “Phylogenetic oligodeoxynucleotide probes for the major subclasses of proteobacteria: Problems and solutions.” Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 15(4), 593–600.
Meijer, S. C. F., Van Loosdrecht, M. C. M., and Heijnen, J. J. (2001). “Metabolic modelling of full-scale biological nitrogen and phosphorus removing WWTP’s.” Water Res., 35(11), 2711–2723.
Melcer, H., et al. (2003). Methods for wastewater characterization in activated sludge modeling, Water Environment Research Foundation, Alexandria, VA, 575.
Montgomery, D. C., and Runger, G. C. (2003). Applied statistics and probability for engineers, 3rd Ed., Wiley, New York, 720.
Moosbrugger, R. E., Wentzel, M. C., Ekama, G. A., and Marais, G. V. (1992). “Simple titration procedures to determine H2CO3-alkalinity and short chain fatty acid concentrations in aqueous solutions containing known concentrations of ammonium, posphate and sulphide weak acids/bases.”, Water Research Commission, Univ. of Cape Town, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa.
Oehmen, A., Keller-Lehmann, B., Zeng, R. J., Yuan, Z., and Keller, J. (2005). “Optimisation of poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate analysis using gas chromatography for enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems.” J. Chromatogr. A, 1070(1–2), 131–136.
Penya-Roja, J., Seco, A., Ferrer, J., and Serralta, J. (2002). “Calibration and validation of activated sludge model No. 2d for Spanish municipal wastewater.” Environ. Technol., 23(8), 849–862.
Petersen, B., Gernaey, K., Henze, M., and Vanrolleghem, P. A. (2002). “Evaluation of an ASM1 model calibration procedure on a municipal-industrial treatment plant.” J. Hydroinf., 4(1), 15–38.
Ribes, J., Ferrer, J., Bouzas, A., and Seco, A. (2002). “Modelling of an activated primary settling tank including the fermentation process and VFA elutriation.” Environ. Technol., 23(10), 1147–1156.
Rieger, L., Koch, G., Kuhni, M., Mujer, W., and Siegrist, H. (2001). “The eawag bio-p module for activated sludge model No. 3.” Water Res., 35(16), 3887–3903.
Rodrigo, M. A., Seco, A., Ferrer, J., and Penya-Roja, J. (2010). “The effect of sludge age on the deterioration of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal process.” Environ. Technol., 20(10), 1055–1063.
Ruano, M. V., Ribes, J., De Pauw, D. J. W., and Sin, G. (2007). “Parameter subset selection for the dynamic calibration of activated sludge models (ASMs): Experience versus systems analysis.” Water Sci. Technol., 56(8), 107–115.
Seco, A., Ribes, J., Serralta, J., and Ferrer, J. (2004). “Biological nutrient removal model No. 1 (BNRM1).” Water Sci. Technol., 50(6), 69–78.
Siegrist, H., Rengli, D., and Gujer, W. (1993). “Mathematical modelling of anaerobic mesophilic sewage sludge treatment.” Water Res., 27(2), 25–36.
Siegrist, H., Vogt, D., Garcia-Heras, J. L., and Gujer, W. (2002). “Mathematical model for meso- and thermophilic anaerobic sewage sludge digestion. Environ. Sci. Technol., 36(5), 1113–1123.
Vanrolleghem, P. A., et al. (2003). “A comprehensive model calibration procedure for activated sludge models.”, Water Environment Research Foundation, Alexandria, VA.
Van Veldhuizen, H. M., Van Loosdrecht, M. C. M., and Heijnen, J. J. (1999). “Modelling biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal in a full scale activated sludge process.” Water Res., 33(16), 3459–3468.
Whang, L. M., Filipe, C. D. M., and Park, J. K. (2007). “Model-based evaluation of competition between polyphosphate- and glycogen-accumulating organisms.” Water Res., 41(6), 1312–1324.
Yagci, N., Insel, G., Tasli, R., Artan, N., Randall, C. W., and Orhon, D. (2006). “A new interpretation of ASM2d for modeling of SBR performance for enhanced biological phosphorus removal under different P/HAc ratios.” Biotechnol. Bioeng., 93(2), 258–270.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 2 • February 2018
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 13, 2017
Accepted: Jul 21, 2017
Published online: Dec 8, 2017
Published in print: Feb 1, 2018
Discussion open until: May 8, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.