Phosphorus Equilibrium. I: Impact of AlOx Media Substrates and Aqueous Matrices
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 11
Abstract
For urban drainage, the role of granular media has expanded from particulate matter (PM) filtration to media also engineered for phosphorus (P) mass transfer. In this paper, equilibrium between P as total dissolved P (TDP) and granular substrate-based aluminum oxide (AlOx) media are investigated. Aluminum oxide coated media (AOCM) are clay- (), pumice- (), and concrete-based (), and their native substrates [uncoated media with a clay substrate (UCMs)] serve as control media. Equilibrium is modeled with Freundlich isotherms. Isotherms are evaluated in municipal wet weather (runoff), dry weather (wastewater), and a surrogate deionized (DI) water matrix as a control, each at neutral pH. Compared to UCMs, AlOx-coated (clay, pumice) and AlOx-admixture media (concrete) yield significantly higher equilibrium capacity. For runoff and wastewater, and generate lower capacity compared with the surrogate matrix due to competitive effects, and ligand exchange is hypothesized as a primary mass transfer mechanism. has higher capacity at higher TDP levels with surface precipitation hypothesized as a primary mechanism. For equal TDP levels, capacities of and exceed . The native substrates of AlOx media and also the aqueous matrices have significant impacts on equilibrium. In contrast, Part II compares surface and physical indexes, equilibrium, and leaching for a wide range of media using a surrogate DI matrix. The two parameter Freundlich model is compared to a partitioning parameter to elucidate equilibrium for media with disparate capacities.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Agyei, N. M., Strydom, C. A., and Potgieter, J. H. (2002). “The removal of phosphate ions from aqueous solution by fly ash, slag, ordinary portland cement and related blends.” Cem. Concr. Res, 32(12), 1889–1897.
Akbal, F. (2005). “Adsorption of basic dyes from aqueous solution onto pumice powder.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 286(2), 455–458.
American Public Health Association (APHA). (1998). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th Ed., A. D. Eaton, L. S. Clesceri, and A. E. Greenberg, eds., Water Environment Federation, Washington, DC.
Appan, A., and Wang, H. (2000). “Sorption isotherms and kinetics of sediment phosphorus in a tropical reservoir.” J. Environ. Eng., 993–998.
Arias, M., Da Silva-Carballal, J., García-Río, L., Mejuto, J., and Núñez, A. (2006). “Retention of phosphorus by iron and aluminum-oxide-coated quartz particles.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 295(1), 65–70.
Ayari, F., Srasra, E., and Trabelsi-Ayadi, M. (2005). “Characterization of bentonitic clays and their use as adsorbent.” Desalination, 185(1–3), 391–397.
Berretta, C., and Sansalone, J. (2011). “Hydrologic transport and partitioning of phosphorus fractions.” J. Hydrol., 403(1–2), 25–36.
Boujelben, N., Bouzid, J., Elouear, Z., Feki, M., Jamoussi, F., and Montiel, A. (2008). “Phosphorus removal from aqueous solution using iron coated natural and engineered sorbents.” J. Hazard. Mater., 151(1), 103–110.
Chandrasekharan, R., et al. (2008). “High-temperature hydroxylation of alumina crystalline surfaces.” Surf. Sci., 602(7), 1466–1474.
Chang, Y., Li, C. W., and Benjamin, M. M. (1997). “Iron oxide-coated media for NOM sorption and particulate filtration.” J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 89(5), 100–113.
Costa, H. S., Pereira, M. M., and Andrade, G. I. (2007). “Characterization of calcium phosphate coating and zinc incorporation on the porous alumina scaffolds.” Mater. Res., 10(1), 27–29.
Dean, C. M., Sansalone, J. J., Cartledge, F. K., and Pardue, J. H. (2005). “Influence of hydrology on storm water metal element speciation at the upper end of the urban watershed.” J. Environ. Eng., 632–642.
Duda, A. M. (1993). “Addressing nonpoint sources of water pollution must become an international priority.” Water Sci. Technol., 28(3–5), 1–11.
Edzwald, J. K., Toensing, D. C., and Leung, M. C.-Y. (1976). “Phosphate adsorption reactions with clay minerals.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 10(5), 485–490.
Everett, D. H. (1993). “Some problems in the study of the heterogeneity of solid surfaces.” Langmuir, 9(10), 2586–2592.
Floriano, M. A. (1994). “The structure of pumice by neutron diffraction.” J. Appl. Cryst., 27(2), 271–277.
Garai, J., Haggerty, S. E., Rekhi, S., and Chance, M. (2006). “Infrared adsorption investigations confirm the extraterrestrial origin of carbonado diamonds.” Astrophys. J., 653(2), 153–156.
Genz, A., Kornmüller, A., and Jekel, M. (2004). “Advanced phosphorus removal from membrane filtrates by adsorption on activated aluminum oxide and granulated ferric hydroxide.” Water Res., 38, 3523–3530.
Georgantas, D. A., and Grigoropoulou, H. P. (2007). “Orthophosphate and metaphosphate ion removal from aqueous solution using alum and aluminum hydroxide.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 315(1), 70–79.
Goldberg, S., and Sposito, G. (1985). “On the mechanism of specific phosphate adsorption by hydroxylated mineral surfaces: A review.” Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 16(8), 801–821.
Gray, S., Kinross, J., Read, P., and Marland, A. (2000). “The nutrient assimilative capacity of maerl as a substrate in constructed wetland systems for waste treatment.” Water Res., 34(8), 2183–2190.
Guan, X.-H., Liu, Q., Chen, G.-H., and Shang, C. (2005). “Surface complexation of condensed phosphate to aluminum hydroxide: An ATR-FTIR spectroscopic investigation.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 289(2), 319–327.
Huang, C. (1975). “Adsorption of phosphate at the hydrous electrolyte interface.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 53(2), 178–186.
Johnson, B. B., Ivanov, A. V., Antzutkin, O. N., and Forsling, W. (2002). “ nuclear magnetic resonance study of the adsorption of phosphate and phenyl phosphate on .” Langmuir, 18(4), 1104–1111.
Kim, Y., and Kirkpatrick, R. J. (2004). “An investigation of phosphate sorbed on aluminum oxyhydroxide and oxide phases by nuclear magnetic resonance.” Eur. J. Soil Sci., 55(2), 243–251.
Kitis, M., Kaplan, S., Karakaya, E., Yigit, N., and Civelekoglu, G. (2007). “Adsorption of NOM from waters by iron coated pumice.” Chemosphere, 66(1), 130–138.
Klute, A. (1986). “Methods of soil analysis Part 1: Physical and mineralogical methods.”2nd Ed., American Society of Agronomy-Soil Science Society of America.
Lin, C. Y., and Yang, D. H. (2002). “Removal of pollutants from wastewater by coal bottom ash.” J. Environ. Sci. Health, 37(8), 1509–1522.
Liu, D., Sansalone, J. J., and Cartledge, F. K. (2005a). “Adsorption kinetics for urban rainfall-runoff metals by composite oxide-coated polymeric media.” J. Environ. Eng., 1168–1177.
Liu, D., Sansalone, J. J., and Cartledge, F. K. (2005b). “Comparison of sorptive filter media for treatment of metals in runoff.” J. Environ. Eng., 1178–1186.
Liu, X. (1999). “FTIR spectroscopic studies of silication of –alumina with FCC catalysts via steaming.” J. Phys. Chem. B, 103(14), 2647–2652.
Lu, S.-G., Bai, S.-Q., and Shan, H.-D. (2008). “Mechanisms of phosphate removal from aqueous solution by blast furnace slag and steel furnace slag.” J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A, 9(1), 125–132.
Mehta, P. K., and Monteiro, P. J. M. (2005). Concrete structure, properties, and materials, 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill.
MINTEQ Version 2.61 [Computer software]. KTH, Sweden.
Morillo, E., Undabeytia, T., Cabrera, A., Villaverde, J., and Maqueda, C. (2004). “Effect of soil type on adsorption-desorption, mobility, and activity of the herbicide norflurazon.” J. Agric. Food Chem., 52(4), 884–890.
Mortula, M., Gibbons, M., and Gagnon, G. A. (2007). “Phosphorus adsorption by naturally-occurring materials and industrial by-products.” J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 6(2), 157–164.
Oğuz, E. (2005). “Sorption of phosphate from solid/liquid interface by fly ash.” Colloid Surface Physicochem. Eng. Aspect, 262(1–3), 113–117.
Önal, M., and Sarıkaya, Y. (2007). “Preparation and characterization of acid-activated bentonite powders.” Powder Technol., 172(1), 14–18.
Parfitt, R. (1978). “Anion adsorption by soils and soil materials.” Adv. Agron., 30, 1–50.
Panuccio, M. R., Sorgonà, A., Rizzo, M., and Cacco, G. (2009). “Cadmium adsorption on vermiculite, zeolite and pumice: Batch experimental studies.” J. Environ. Manage., 90(1), 364–374.
Rajan, S. S. S. (1975). “Adsorption of divalent phosphate on hydrous aluminum oxide.” Nature, 253, 434–436.
Rocha, M. S. D., Iha, K., Faleiros, A. C., Corat, E. J., and Suárez-Iha, M. E. V. (1997). “Freundlich’s isotherm extended by statistical mechanics.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 185(2), 493–496.
Sample, D., and Heaney, J. (2006). “Integrated management of irrigation and urban storm-water infiltration.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manag., 132(5), 362–373.
Sample, D., Heaney, J., Wright, L., Fan, C.-Y., Lai, F.-H., and Field, R. (2003). “Costs of best management practices and associated land for urban stormwater control.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage., 59–68.
Sansalone, J., Liu, B., and Kim, J. (2009). “Volumetric clarifying filtration of urban source area rainfall runoff.” J. Environ. Eng., 609–620.
Sansalone, J., and Ma, J. (2009). “Parametric evaluation of batch equilibria for stormwater phosphorus adsorption on AlOx media.” J. Environ. Eng., 737–746.
Shin, E. W., and Han, J. S. (2004). “Phosphate adsorption on aluminum-impregnated mesoporous silicates: Surface structure and behavior of adsorbents.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 38(3), 912–917.
Smidt, E., Eckhardt, K., Lechner, P., Schulten, H., and Leinweber, P. (2005). “Characterization of different decomposition stages of biowaste using FT-IR spectroscopy and pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry.” Biodegradation, 16(1), 67–79.
Suzuki, M. (1990). Adsorption engineering, Vol. 25, Chemical Engineering Monographs, Elsevier Science, New York.
Tien, C. (1994). Adsorption calculation and modeling, Butterworth-Heinemann Series in Chemical Engineering, Newton, MA.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). (1986). “ Quality criteria for water.”, Office of Water Regulation and Standards, Washington, DC.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). (2003). “Decentralized approaches to wastewater treatment.” 〈http://www.epa.gov/owm/septic/pubs/septic_presentation.pdf〉 (Aug. 3, 2013).
van der Zee, S. E. A. T. M., and van Riemsdijk, Willem H. (1988). “Model for long-term phosphate reaction kinetics in soil.” J. Environ. Qual., 17(1), 35–41.
Van Raij, B., and Peech, M. (1972). “Electrochemical properties of some oxides and alfisols of the tropics.” Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 36(4), 587–593.
Wang, M. K., and Tzou, Y. M. (1995). “Phosphate sorption by calcite, and iron-rich calcareous soils.” Geoderma, 65(3–4), 249–261.
Wu, T., and Sansalone, J. (2013). “Phosphorus equilibrium. II: Comparing filter media, models, and leaching.” J. Environ. Eng., 1325–1335.
Yang, Y., Zhao, Y. Q., Babatunde, A. O., Wang, L., Ren, Y. X., and Han, Y. (2006). “Characteristics and mechanisms of phosphate adsorption on dewatered alum sludge.” Sep. Purif. Technol., 51(2), 193–200.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 139 • Issue 11 • November 2013
Pages: 1315 - 1324
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 11, 2012
Accepted: Jul 9, 2013
Published online: Jul 11, 2013
Published in print: Nov 1, 2013
Discussion open until: Dec 11, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.