Optimized Treatment of Phenol-Containing Fire Fighting Wastewater Using Fenton Oxidation
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 138, Issue 7
Abstract
This study presents the degradation and mineralization results of phenol-containing fire fighting wastewater (FWW) generated from quenching a fire outbreak in an oil storage facility. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phenol content of the wastewater were above the Malaysian Standard B discharge limits of 100 and for COD and phenol, respectively. The Fenton oxidation method was chosen as the treatment technique, and a response surface methodology was used to optimize the response of the dependent variables: namely, COD, phenol, and total organic carbon (TOC) percentage removals. Based on the wastewater COD, three controlling variables, namely, and the mass ratios of []:[FWW] and []:[], were studied at values of 0.5 to 8, 2 to 12, and 5 to 20 h, respectively. The results obtained for the treated samples showed complete phenol degradation. However, the optimum percentage of TOC and COD reduction were 53.4 and 77.5%, respectively. The low TOC removal was attributed to partial hydroxylation, which generated more aliphatic components that then retarded the mineralization of the organic load. Kinetic studies using the Generalized Lumped Kinetic Model showed that the apparent kinetic constants, for the initial oxidation step () and for the final oxidation step (), are and , respectively. These results indicate that the reaction rate leading to the hydroxylation of the organic load is approximately twice as fast as the rate of intermediate product conversion to the final product. The fast initial rate () accounted for the complete phenol degradation, and the relatively slow second rate () resulted in incomplete mineralization of some of the intermediate organic by-products.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 138 • Issue 7 • July 2012
Pages: 761 - 770
Copyright
© 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 6, 2011
Accepted: Jan 10, 2012
Published online: Jan 12, 2012
Published in print: Jul 1, 2012
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