Removal of TDS from Cooling Tower Water by Using EDTA-Modified Bagasse Fibers
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 136, Issue 6
Abstract
Modified by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) salts and unmodified bagasse fibers were tested for the removal of total dissolved solids (TDSs) from cooling tower water. Parameters such as hydrogen ion concentration (pH), particle size of bagasse fibers, and the concentrations of adsorbent and adsorbate were studied to optimize the conditions to be applied on a commercial scale for the decontamination of effluents of cooling tower water. The optimum pH for TDS removal was between 6 and 6.5. The efficiency of TDS removal increased when the size of fiber particles decreased and when the concentration of EDTA salt increased to reach 78 mg/g of modified bagasse fibers. The adsorption parameters were determined using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The preferential mechanisms for the retention of TDSs are a complexation process between the TDSs and chemical functions present on the surface of fibers, and the chelation process with the EDTA attached to the fibers. The results obtained could be valuable for application to cooling tower water treatment and for the softening of hard drinking water.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Aderhold, D., Williams, C. J., and Edyvean, R. G. J. (1996). “The removal of heavy-metal ions by seaweeds and their derivatives.” Bioresour. Technol., 58, 1–6.
Bhattacharyya, A. K., and Venkobacharc, C. (1984). “Removal of cadmium (II) by low cost adsorbents.” J. Envir. Engrg. Div., 110(1), 110–122.
Dinand, E., Chanzy, H., and Vignon, M. R. (1996). “Parenchymal cell cellulose from sugar beet pulp: Preparation and properties.” Cellulose, 3, 183–188.
Fried, V., Hameka, H. F., and Blukis, U. (1977). Physical chemistry, Macmillan, New York, 14–28.
Han, J. S. (1999). “Stormwater filtration of toxic heavy metal ions using lignocellulosic materials selection process, fiberization, chemical modification and mat formation.” 2nd Inter-Regional Conf. on Environment—Water 99, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wis.
Han, J. S., Miyashita, E. S., Lin, Y., and Roa, A. (1999). “Stormwater filtration of municipal detention pond.” Proc., 5th Chemical Congress of North America, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.
Igwe, J. C., and Abia, A. A. (2006). “A bioseparation process for removing heavy metals from waste water using biosorbents.” Afr. J. Biotechnol., 5(12), 1167–1179.
Laszlo, J. A., and Dintzis, F. R. (1994). “Crop residues as ion-exchange materials: Treatment of soybean hull and sugar beet fiber with epichlorohydrin to improve cation-exchange capacity and physical stability.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 52, 531–538.
Masri, M. S., Reuter, F. W., and Friedman, M. (1974). “Binding of metal cations by natural substances.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 18, 675–681.
Morita, M., Higuchi, M., and Sakata, I. (1987). “Binding of heavy metal ions by chemically modified woods.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 34, 1013–1023.
Phalman, J. E., and Khalafalla, J. E. (1988). “Use of lignochemicals and humic acids to remove heavy metals from process waste streams.” Rep. No. RI 9200, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Denver.
Randall, J. M., Bermann, R. L., Garrett, V., and Waiss, A. C. (1974). “Use of bark to remove heavy metal ions from waste solutions.” For. Prod. J., 24(9), 80–84.
Rima, J., Aoun, E., and Hanna, K. (2004). “Use of beetroot fibers to clean water contaminated with heavy metals, to soften hard water, and to desalinate seawater.” Envir. Toxicol. Chem., 86(2), 105–116.
Simkovc, I., Laszlo, J. A., and Thompson, A. R. (1996). “Preparation of a weakly basic ion exchanger by crosslinking starch with epichlorohydrin in presence of .” Carbohydr. Polym., 30(1), 25–30.
Waiss, A. C., Wiley, M. E., Kuhnle, J. A., Potter, A. L., and McCready, R. M. (1973). “Adsorption of mercuric cation by tannins in agricultural residues.” J. Environ. Qual., 2, 369–371.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 136 • Issue 6 • June 2010
Pages: 591 - 596
Copyright
© 2010 ASCE.
History
Received: Jan 1, 2009
Accepted: Nov 9, 2009
Published online: Nov 11, 2009
Published in print: Jun 2010
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.