Investigating the New Zealand Off-Site Manufacturing Industry’s Readiness for Automated Compliance Checking
Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 148, Issue 12
Abstract
Numerous automated compliance checking (ACC) approaches have been developed over the last half of the twentieth century. However, little is known as to how well the ACC technology has served the off-site manufacturing (OSM) industry from the end users’ perspective. This paper aims to measure the New Zealand (NZ) OSM industry’s awareness and readiness for ACC and explore a pathway toward wider ACC adoption. It first reports on a survey study in NZ with 44 valid survey responses. It then proposes a high-level roadmap with key actions that can facilitate wider ACC adoption through 16 interviews with international ACC experts and a focus group with nine local OSM stakeholders. The results show that although there is a high demand for automating compliance processes, the OSM industry, especially small and medium enterprises, are not ready to adopt the ACC technology. Suggestions to address this include (1) establish the foundation for broad ACC adoption; (2) boost the development of the ACC technology to expedite its maturity, (3) test the ACC technology under different scenarios and customize it for the NZ context; (4) encourage the government to provide funding and policy support; and (5) promote education and training of both building information modeling (BIM) and ACC to OSM stakeholders. The results can provide software vendors with valuable information about user expectations and requirements to develop ACC products that can better serve NZ OSM projects, and help OSM stakeholders in NZ and countries with similar economic and regulatory structures to understand the technological and nontechnological gaps to better prepare for the ACC technology adoption.
Formats available
You can view the full content in the following formats:
Data Availability Statement
All data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The project is funded by the New Zealand Building Research Levy (Contract No. LR12046). The authors are grateful to the experts involved in this study for their valuable time and contribution. The authors would also like to thank Bowen Tang, a Master’s Student at the University of Auckland, for assisting with the data collection and analysis in this study.
References
Abd Samad, S., A. N. Harun, M. N. M. Nawi, and N. A. Haron. 2018. “The potential use of BIM through an electronic submission: A preliminary study.” Malaysian Constr. Res. J. 3 (1): 82–96.
Ahmed, S. 2018. “Barriers to implementation of building information modeling (BIM) to the construction industry: A review.” J. Civ. Eng. Constr. 7 (2): 107–113. https://doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2018.7.2.107.
Aksenova, G., A. Kiviniemi, T. Kocaturk, and A. Lejeune. 2019. “From Finnish AEC knowledge ecosystem to business ecosystem: Lessons learned from the national deployment of BIM.” Construct. Manage. Econ. 37 (6): 317–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2018.1481985.
Amor, R., and J. Dimyadi. 2021. “The promise of automated compliance checking.” Dev. Built Environ. 5 (Mar): 100039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2020.100039.
Arashpour, M., Y. Bai, V. Kamat, R. Hosseini, and I. Martek. 2018. “Project production flows in off-site prefabrication: BIM-enabled railway infrastructure.” In Proc., 35th Int. Symp. on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), 80–87. Berlin, Germany: International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction.
Auckland Council. 2016. Auckland unitary plan. Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland Council.
Auckland Council. 2020. Manufactured modular component guidance. Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland Council.
(BAC) BIM Acceleration Committee. 2019a. BIM in New Zealand—An industry-wide view 2019. Wellington, New Zealand: Building Research Association of New Zealand.
(BAC) BIM Acceleration Committee. 2019b. The New Zealand BIM handbook—A guide to enabling BIM on built assets. Wellington, New Zealand: Building Research Association of New Zealand.
Beach, T. H., J.-L. Hippolyte, and Y. Rezgui. 2020. “Towards the adoption of automated regulatory compliance checking in the built environment.” Autom. Constr. 118 (Oct): 103285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2020.103285.
Beach, T. H., T. Kasim, H. Li, N. Nisbet, and Y. Rezgui. 2013. “Towards automated compliance checking in the construction industry.” In Proc., Int. Conf. on Database and Expert Systems Applications, 366–380. Berlin: Springer.
Beach, T. H., Y. Rezgui, H. Li, and T. Kasim. 2015. “A rule-based semantic approach for automated regulatory compliance in the construction sector.” Expert Syst. Appl. 42 (12): 5219–5231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2015.02.029.
Bertram, N., S. Fuchs, J. Mischke, R. Palter, G. Strube, and J. Woetzel. 2019. Modular construction: From projects to products. New York: McKinsey & Company.
Bloch, T., and R. Sacks. 2018. “Comparing machine learning and rule-based inferencing for semantic enrichment of BIM models.” Autom. Constr. 91 (Jul): 256–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2018.03.018.
Bonenberg, W., X. Wei, and M. Zhou. 2018. “BIM in prefabrication and modular building.” In Proc., Int. Conf. on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, 100–110. Orlando, FL: Springer.
Bouzidi, K. R., B. Fies, C. Faron-Zucker, A. Zarli, and N. L. Thanh. 2012. “Semantic web approach to ease regulation compliance checking in construction industry.” Future Internet 4 (3): 830–851. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi4030830.
Boyd, N., M. M. Khalfan, and T. Maqsood. 2013. “Off-site construction of apartment buildings.” J. Archit. Eng. 19 (1): 51–57. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000091.
Bus, N., A. Roxin, G. Picinbono, and M. Fahad. 2018. “Towards french smart building code: Compliance checking based on semantic rules.” In Proc., 6th Linked Data in Architecture and Construction Workshop, edited by M. Poveda-Villalón, P. Pauwels, and A. Roxin, 6–15. Aachen, Germany: CEUR-WS Team.
Choi, J., and I. Kim. 2008. “An approach to share architectural drawing information and document information for automated code checking system.” Tsinghua Sci. Technol. 13 (S1): 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1007-0214(08)70145-7.
Choi, J., and I. Kim. 2013. “Development of check-list for BIM based architectural design quality check.” Korean J. Comput. Des. Eng. 18 (3): 177–188. https://doi.org/10.7315/CADCAM.2013.177.
Ciribini, A., S. M. Ventura, and M. Paneroni. 2016. “Implementation of an interoperable process to optimise design and construction phases of a residential building: A BIM pilot project.” Autom. Constr. 71 (Nov): 62–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2016.03.005.
Costin, A., A. Adibfar, H. Hu, and S. S. Chen. 2018. “Building information modeling (BIM) for transportation infrastructure–Literature review, applications, challenges, and recommendations.” Autom. Constr. 94 (Oct): 257–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2018.07.001.
Creswell, J. W. 2009. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Dimyadi, J., and R. Amor. 2013. “Automated building code compliance checking. Where is it at?” In Proc., CIB World Building Congress 2013 and Architectural Management & Integrated Design and Delivery Solutions, 172–185. Brisbane, Australia: Queensland Univ. of Technology.
Dimyadi, J., and R. Amor. 2017. “Automating conventional compliance audit processes.” In Proc., Int. Conf. on Product Lifecycle Management, 324–334. Seville, Spain: Springer.
Dimyadi, J., S. Fernando, K. Davies, and R. Amor. 2020. “Computerising the New Zealand building code for automated compliance audit.” In Proc., 6th New Zealand Built Environment Research Symp., 39–46. Auckland, New Zealand: Massey Univ.
Dimyadi, J., W. Solihin, C. Eastman, and R. Amor. 2016. “Integrating the BIM rule language into compliant design audit processes.” In Proc., 33rd Int. Conf. of CIB W78, 1–10. Delft, Netherlands: International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction.
Dimyadi, J., G. Thomas, and R. Amor. 2017. “Enabling automated compliance audit of architectural designs.” In Proc., 51st Int. Conf. of the Architectural Science Association (ANZAScA), edited by M. A. Schnabel, 387–396. Sydney, Australia: Architectural Science Association.
Ding, L., R. Drogemuller, M. Rosenman, D. Marchant, and J. Gero. 2006. “Automating code checking for building designs-DesignCheck.” In Clients driving construction innovation: Moving ideas into practice, edited by K. Brown, K. Hampson, and P. Brandon, 113–126. Brisbane, Australia: Cooperative Research Centre for Construction Innovation.
Doan, D. T., A. Ghaffarianhoseini, N. Naismith, A. Ghaffarianhoseini, T. Zhang, and J. Tookey. 2019. “Examining green star certification uptake and its relationship with building information modelling (BIM) adoption in New Zealand.” J. Environ. Manage. 250 (Nov): 109508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109508.
Eastman, C., J.-M. Lee, Y.-S. Jeong, and J.-K. Lee. 2009. “Automatic rule-based checking of building designs.” Autom. Constr. 18 (8): 1011–1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2009.07.002.
Eastman, C., P. Teicholz, R. Sacks, and K. Liston. 2011. BIM handbook: A guide to building information modeling for owners, managers, designers, engineers and contractors. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Elyan, E., L. Jamieson, and A. Ali-Gombe. 2020. “Deep learning for symbols detection and classification in engineering drawings.” Neural Networks 129 (Sep): 91–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2020.05.025.
Etikan, I., S. A. Musa, and R. S. Alkassim. 2016. “Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling.” Am. J. Theor. Appl. Stat. 5 (1): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11.
Gbadamosi, A.-Q., L. Oyedele, A.-M. Mahamadu, H. Kusimo, M. Bilal, J. M. Davila Delgado, and N. Muhammed-Yakubu. 2020. “Big data for design options repository: Towards a DFMA approach for offsite construction.” Autom. Constr. 120 (Dec): 103388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2020.103388.
Ghaffarianhoseini, A., J. Tookey, A. Ghaffarianhoseini, N. Naismith, S. Azhar, O. Efimova, and K. Raahemifar. 2017. “Building information modelling (BIM) uptake: Clear benefits, understanding its implementation, risks and challenges.” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 75 (Aug): 1046–1053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.083.
Goh, B.-H. 2007. “E-government for construction: The case of Singapore’s CORENET project.” In Proc., of Research and Practical Issues of Enterprise Information Systems II, 327–336. New York: Springer.
Goodier, C., and A. Gibb. 2007. “Future opportunities for offsite in the UK.” Construct. Manage. Econ. 25 (6): 585–595. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190601071821.
GSA. 2015. GSA BIM guide 02—Spatial program validation. Washington, DC: US General Services Administration.
Hanna, A. S., G. Mikhail, and K. A. Iskandar. 2017. “State of prefab practice in the electrical construction industry: Qualitative assessment.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage. 143 (2): 04016097. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001236.
Harpe, S. E. 2015. “How to analyze Likert and other rating scale data.” Curr. Pharm. Teach. Learn. 7 (6): 836–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2015.08.001.
Hjelseth, E. 2015a. “BIM-based model checking (BMC).” In Building information modeling: Applications and practices, edited by R. Issa and S. Olbina, 33–61. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Hjelseth, E. 2015b. “Public BIM-based model checking solutions: Lessons learned from Singapore and Norway.” In Building information modelling (BIM) in design, construction and operations, edited by L. Mahdjoubi, C. A. Brebbia, and R. Laing, 421–436. Southampton, UK: Wessex Institute of Technology Press.
Hong, Y., A. W. Hammad, S. Sepasgozar, and A. Akbarnezhad. 2019. “BIM adoption model for small and medium construction organisations in Australia.” Eng. Constr. Archit. Manage. 26 (2): 154–183. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-04-2017-0064.
Hosseini, M. R., S. Banihashemi, N. Chileshe, M. O. Namzadi, C. Udeaja, R. Rameezdeen, and T. McCuen. 2016. “BIM adoption within Australian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): An innovation diffusion model.” Constr. Econ. Build. 16 (3): 71–86. https://doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v16i3.5159.
IBM. 2021. “SPSS statistics.” Accessed August 7, 2021. https://www.ibm.com/analytics/spss-statistics-software.
İlal, S. M., and H. M. Günaydın. 2017. “Computer representation of building codes for automated compliance checking.” Autom. Constr. 82 (Oct): 43–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.06.018.
James, M., B. Yu, and B. Martin. 2017. Handbook for the design of modular structures. Melbourne, Australia: Monash University Press.
Javid, M. A., N. Ali, M. Abdullah, T. Campisi, S. A. H. Shah, and S. Suparp. 2022. “Analysis of driver’s socioeconomic characteristics relating to speeding behavior and crash involvement: A case study in Lahore.” Infrastructures 7 (2): 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7020018.
Jiang, S., Z. Wu, B. Zhang, and H. S. Cha. 2019. “Combined MvdXML and semantic technologies for green construction code checking.” Appl. Sci. 9 (7): 1463. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9071463.
Kasim, T., H. Li, Y. Rezgui, and T. Beach. 2013. “Automated sustainability compliance checking process: Proof of concept.” In Proc., 13th Int. Conf. on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 30–31. Middlesbrough, UK: Teesside Univ.
Kennerley, T. 2019. Planning barriers for prefabricated housing. Porirua, New Zealand: BRANZ.
Khemlani, L. 2005. “CORENET e-PlanCheck: Singapore’s automated code checking system.” AECbytes. Accessed 15 November, 2021. https://www.aecbytes.com/feature/2005/CORENETePlanCheck.html.
Kim, I., J. Choi, E. A. L. Teo, and H. Sun. 2020. “Development of K-BIM e-Submission prototypical system for the openBIM-based building permit framework.” J. Civ. Eng. Manage. 26 (8): 744–756. https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2020.13756.
Ko, C.-H., and S.-F. Wang. 2010. “GA-based decision support systems for precast production planning.” Autom. Constr. 19 (7): 907–916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2010.06.004.
Krijnen, T., and L. Van Berlo. 2016. “Methodologies for requirement checking on building models: A technology overview.” In Proc., 13th Int. Conf. on Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, 1–11. Eindhoven, Netherlands: Eindhoven Univ. of Technology.
Lam, T. T., L. Mahdjoubi, and J. Mason. 2017. “A framework to assist in the analysis of risks and rewards of adopting BIM for SMEs in the UK.” J. Civ. Eng. Manage. 23 (6): 740–752. https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1281840.
Lee, H., J.-K. Lee, S. Park, and I. Kim. 2016. “Translating building legislation into a computer-executable format for evaluating building permit requirements.” Autom. Constr. 71 (Nov): 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2016.04.008.
Lee, H. M. 2021. “Assessing information-input standardisation for automated compliance checking efficiency.” Master’s dissertation, Wellington School of Architecture, Victoria Univ. of Wellington.
Lee, J.-K., C. M. Eastman, and Y. C. Lee. 2015. “Implementation of a BIM domain-specific language for the building environment rule and analysis.” J. Intell. Rob. Syst. 79 (3–4): 507–522. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-014-0117-7.
Lee, Y., K. A. Kozar, and K. R. Larsen. 2003. “The technology acceptance model: Past, present, and future.” Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 12 (1): 50. https://doi.org/10.17705/1cais.01250.
Li, C. Z., R. Y. Zhong, F. Xue, G. Xu, K. Chen, G. G. Huang, and G. Q. Shen. 2017. “Integrating RFID and BIM technologies for mitigating risks and improving schedule performance of prefabricated house construction.” J. Cleaner Prod. 165 (Nov): 1048–1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.156.
Lincoln, Y. S., and E. G. Guba. 1985. Naturalistic inquiry. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Liu, X., N. Xie, K. Tang, and J. Jia. 2016. “Lightweighting for Web3D visualization of large-scale BIM scenes in real-time.” Graphical Models 88 (Nov): 40–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gmod.2016.06.001.
Lu, Y., Q. Li, Z. Zhou, and Y. Deng. 2015. “Ontology-based knowledge modeling for automated construction safety checking.” Saf. Sci. 79 (Nov): 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2015.05.008.
Malsane, S., J. Matthews, S. Lockley, P. E. Love, and D. Greenwood. 2015. “Development of an object model for automated compliance checking.” Autom. Constr. 49 (Jan): 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2014.10.004.
Martins, J. P., and A. Monteiro. 2013. “LicA: A BIM based automated code-checking application for water distribution systems.” Autom. Constr. 29 (Jan): 12–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2012.08.008.
MBIE. 2014. New Zealand building code handbook. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment.
MBIE. 2018. Annual report 2017/18. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment.
Miles, M. B., A. M. Huberman, and J. Saldana. 2014. Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Mostafa, S., K. P. Kim, V. W. Tam, and P. Rahnamayiezekavat. 2020. “Exploring the status, benefits, barriers and opportunities of using BIM for advancing prefabrication practice.” Int. J. Constr. Manage. 20 (2): 146–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2018.1484555.
Nawari, N. O. 2011. “Automating codes conformance in structural domain.” In Proc., 2011 ASCE Int. Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering. Reston, VA: ASCE. https://doi.org/10.1061/41182(416)70.
Nawari, N. O. 2012. “BIM standard in off-site construction.” J. Archit. Eng. 18 (2): 107–113. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ae.1943-5568.0000056.
Nawari, N. O. 2019. “A generalized adaptive framework (GAF) for automating code compliance checking.” Buildings 9 (4): 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings9040086.
Nguyen, T.-H., and J.-L. Kim. 2011. “Building code compliance checking using BIM technology.” In Proc., 2011 Winter Simulation Conf., 3395–3400. Phoenix, Arizona: IEEE.
Palinkas, L. A., S. M. Horwitz, C. A. Green, J. P. Wisdom, N. Duan, and K. Hoagwood. 2015. “Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research.” Administration Policy Mental Health 42 (5): 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y.
Panjehpour, M., and A. A. A. Ali. 2013. “A review of prefab home and relevant issues.” Constructii 14 (1): 53–60.
Park, S., Y.-C. Lee, and J.-K. Lee. 2016. “Definition of a domain-specific language for Korean building act sentences as an explicit computable form.” J. Inf. Technol. Constr. 21 (2016): 422–433.
Pezeshki, Z., and S. A. S. Ivari. 2018. “Applications of BIM: A brief review and future outline.” Arch. Comput. Methods Eng. 25 (2): 273–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11831-016-9204-1.
Piroozfar, P., E. R. Farr, A. H. Zadeh, S. T. Inacio, S. Kilgallon, and R. Jin. 2019. “Facilitating building information modelling (BIM) using integrated project delivery (IPD): A UK perspective.” J. Build. Eng. 26 (Nov): 100907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100907.
PrefabNZ. 2018a. “Capacity and capability report.” Accessed August 11, 2021. https://www.prefabnz.com/Downloads/Assets/9759/1/.
PrefabNZ. 2018b. “Good offsite guide.” Accessed August 10, 2021. https://www.prefabnz.com/Downloads/Assets/9743/1/PrefabNZ%20Good%20Offsite%20Guide%20FINAL%20(1).pdf.
Preidel, C., and A. Borrmann. 2015. “Automated code compliance checking based on a visual language and building information modeling.” In Proc., 32nd Int. Symp. on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), 1–8. Oulu, Finland: International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction.
Preidel, C., and A. Borrmann. 2016. “Towards code compliance checking on the basis of a visual programming language.” J. Inf. Technol. Constr. 21 (25): 402–421.
Preidel, C., and A. Borrmann. 2017. “Refinement of the visual code checking language for an automated checking of building information models regarding applicable regulations.” In Proc., ASCE Int. Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering 2017, 157–165. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Ramaji, I. J., and A. M. Memari. 2015. “Information exchange standardization for BIM application to multi-story modular residential buildings.” In Proc., AEI 2015, 13–24. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Sadrinooshabadi, S., A. Taheri, I. Yitmen, and R. Jongeling. 2020. “Requirement management in a life cycle perspective based on ISO 19650-1 and CoClass as the new classification system in Sweden.” Eng. Constr. Archit. Manage. 28 (9): 2736–2753. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-03-2020-0203.
Salama Dareen, A., and M. El-Gohary Nora. 2013. “Automated compliance checking of construction operation plans using a deontology for the construction domain.” J. Comput. Civ. Eng. 27 (6): 681–698. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000298.
Saldaña, J. 2021. The coding manual for qualitative researchers. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Samarasinghe, T., P. Mendis, T. Ngo, and W. Fernando. 2015. “BIM software framework for prefabricated construction: Case study demonstrating BIM implementation on a modular house.” In Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on Structural Engineering and Construction Management, 154–162. Moratuwa, Sri Lanka: Univ. of Moratuwa.
Shahtaheri, Y., C. Rausch, J. West, C. Haas, and M. Nahangi. 2017. “Managing risk in modular construction using dimensional and geometric tolerance strategies.” Autom. Constr. 83 (Nov): 303–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.03.011.
Shahzad, W., J. Mbachu, and N. Domingo. 2014. “Prefab content versus cost and time savings in construction projects: A regression analysis.” In Proc., 4th New Zealand Built Environment Research Symp. (NZBERS), 1–17. Auckland, New Zealand: Massey Univ.
Sharma, S., A. Sawhney, and M. Arif. 2017. “Parametric modelling for designing offsite construction.” Procedia Eng. 196 (Jan): 1114–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.08.069.
Singh, M. M., A. Sawhney, and A. Borrmann. 2015. “Modular coordination and BIM: Development of rule based smart building components.” Procedia Eng. 123 (Jan): 519–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.10.104.
Solibri. 2020. “Solibri model checker.” Accessed May 31, 2021. https://www.solibri.com.
Solihin, W., and C. M. Eastman. 2016. “A knowledge representation approach in BIM rule requirement analysis using the conceptual graph.” J. Inf. Technol. Constr. 21: 370–401.
Solnosky, R. L., A. M. Memari, and I. J. Ramaji. 2014. “Structural BIM processes for modular multi-story buildings in design and construction.” In Proc., 2nd Residential Building Design & Construction Conf., 201–215. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State Univ.
Sun, C., S. Jiang, M. J. Skibniewski, Q. Man, and L. Shen. 2017. “A literature review of the factors limiting the application of BIM in the construction industry.” Technol. Econ. Dev. Econ. 23 (5): 764–779. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2015.1087071.
Tam, V. W., C. M. Tam, S. Zeng, and W. C. Ng. 2007. “Towards adoption of prefabrication in construction.” Build. Environ. 42 (10): 3642–3654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.10.003.
Tan, X., A. Hammad, and P. Fazio. 2010. “Automated code compliance checking for building envelope design.” J. Comput. Civ. Eng. 24 (2): 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(2010)24:2(203.
Teo, E. A. L., S. L. Chan, and P. H. Tan. 2007. “Empirical investigation into factors affecting exporting construction services in SMEs in Singapore.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage. 133 (8): 582–591. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2007)133:8(582.
Thompson, J. 2019. “Modular construction: A solution to affordable housing challenges.” Cornell Real Estate Rev. 17 (1): 90–97.
Tornatzky, L. G., M. Fleischer, and A. K. Chakrabarti. 1990. Processes of technological innovation. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Vanyi Technology Ltd. 2021. “An artificial intelligence-based ACC system for 2D drawings.” Accessed March 3, 2022. https://www.vaiplus.com/.
Vass, S., and T. K. Gustavsson. 2017. “Challenges when implementing BIM for industry change.” Construct. Manage. Econ. 35 (10): 597–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2017.1314519.
Wang, S., Z. Liu, Q. Hao, Q. Zhao, and X. Wu. 2021. “A survey on the development of data-driven compliance checking and government’s purchasing AI for compliance checking in China.” [In Chinese.] China Eng. Consulting 2: 68–79.
Yin, R. K. 2011. Applications of case study research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Yurchyshyna, A., C. F. Zucker, N. Thanh, C. Lima, and A. Zarli. 2007. “Towards an ontology-based approach for conformance checking modeling in construction.” In Proc., 24th Int. Conf. of CIB W78. Delft, Netherlands: International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction.
Zhang, J., and N. El-Gohary. 2014. “Automated reasoning for regulatory compliance checking in the construction domain.” In Proc., Construction Research Congress 2014: Construction in a Global Network, 907–916. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Zhang, J., and N. El-Gohary. 2017. “Integrating semantic NLP and logic reasoning into a unified system for fully-automated code checking.” Autom. Constr. 73 (Jan): 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2016.08.027.
Zhang, R., and N. El-Gohary. 2019. “A machine learning-based method for building code requirement hierarchy extraction.” In Proc., 2019 Canadian Society for Civil Engineering Annual Conf., 157930. Montreal: Canadian Society for Civil Engineering.
Zhang, S. J., J. Teizer, J. K. Lee, C. M. Eastman, and M. Venugopal. 2013. “Building information modeling (BIM) and safety: Automatic safety checking of construction models and schedules.” Autom. Constr. 29 (Jan): 183–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2012.05.006.
Zhao, Y., X. Deng, and H. Lai. 2021. “Reconstructing BIM from 2D structural drawings for existing buildings.” Autom. Constr. 128 (Aug): 103750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103750.
Zhong, B., L. Ding, H. Luo, Y. Zhou, Y. Hu, and H. Hu. 2012. “Ontology-based semantic modeling of regulation constraint for automated construction quality compliance checking.” Autom. Constr. 28 (Dec): 58–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2012.06.006.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 148 • Issue 12 • December 2022
Copyright
This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
History
Received: Feb 25, 2022
Accepted: Jun 8, 2022
Published online: Sep 22, 2022
Published in print: Dec 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Feb 22, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Architectural engineering
- Automation and robotics
- Building information modeling
- Building management
- Buildings
- Business management
- Engineering fundamentals
- Facilities (by type)
- Foundations
- Geotechnical engineering
- Government buildings
- Highway and road management
- Highway transportation
- Highways and roads
- Industries
- Infrastructure
- Manufacturing
- Organizations
- Practice and Profession
- Public buildings
- Structural engineering
- Structures (by type)
- Systems engineering
- Transportation engineering
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Yang Zou, Brian H. W. Guo, Eleni Papadonikolaki, Johannes Dimyadi, Lei Hou, Lessons Learned on Adopting Automated Compliance Checking in the AEC Industry: A Global Study, Journal of Management in Engineering, 10.1061/JMENEA.MEENG-5051, 39, 4, (2023).